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Topic: Molecular cloning

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	Cloning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cloning in the biological sense results in a molecule, single cell (for example: bacteria, lymphocytes, etc.) or multi-cellular organism that has been directly copied from and is therefore genetically identical to the molecule, cells or organism being cloned.
		Frequently, the term cloning is misleadingly used to refer to the identification of the chromosomal location of a gene associated with a particular phenotype of interest, such as in positional cloning.
		Megan and Morag cloned from differentiated embryonic cells in June 1995 and Dolly the sheep in 1997.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cloning (3980 words)

	Cloning - Crystalinks
		Frequently, the term cloning is misleadingly used to refer to the identification of the chromosomal location of a gene associated with a particular phenotype of interest.
		These are genuine examples of cloning in the broader biological sense, as they create genetically identical organisms by biological means, but this particular kind of cloning has not come under ethical scrutiny and is generally treated as an entirely different kind of operation.
		Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy of an existing, or previously existing human or growing cloned tissue from that individual.
	www.crystalinks.com /cloningdefinition.html (2294 words)

	Cloning Fact Sheet
		The terms "recombinant DNA technology," "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning,"or "gene cloning" all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid.
		To "clone a gene," a DNA fragment containing the gene of interest is isolated from chromosomal DNA using restriction enzymes and then united with a plasmid that has been cut with the same restriction enzymes.
		Cloning extinct animals presents a much greater challenge to scientists because the egg and the surrogate needed to create the cloned embryo would be of a species different from the clone.
	www.ornl.gov /sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml (3597 words)

	molecular cloning
		In cancer biology, his interest in cell migration led him to the characterisation and molecular cloning of a key enzyme involved in cell invasion, heparanase.
		Del Arco A, SatrÃºstegui J: Molecular cloning of Aralar, a new member of the mitochondrial carrier superfamily that binds calcium and is present in human...
		Molecular cloning of an N-terminal splice variant of the capsaicin receptor.
	www.mongabay.com /igapo/biotech/molecular_cloning.html (294 words)

	Human Cloning and Molecular Cloning vs. Ethics and Religion
		he truth is that molecular cloning is being developed as a tool to improve human health and to ease suffering.
		Regarding human cloning, we must revisit the possible purpose of the procedure as reproduction, or perpetuation of certain individuals.
		The problem in this case is that the human individual created by cloning, if born alive, does not have the potential of being a truly healthy one and the lifespan and aging process is very questionable creating unnecessary suffering; this is not ethical from any point of view, either religious or agnostic.
	www.istocnik.com /articles/56/english3.html (987 words)

	Molecular cloning in alcohol research Alcohol Health & Research World - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Molecular cloning is a means of reproducing identical copies of a given gene.
		Through molecular cloning we can identify genes involved in mechanisms of alcohol abuse, or genes that may serve as markers of risk for alcohol dependence.
		Nevertheless, it is possible to clone DNA fragments closer and closer to the putative disease gene, a technique known as chromosome walking.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0847/is_n3_v14/ai_11129863 (977 words)

	gorilla: Product: 'Condensed Protocols from Molecular Cloning : A Laboratory Manual' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" is the world's best-selling manual of molecular biology techniques and it has informed, educated and inspired hundreds of thousands of researchers since the publication of the first edition in 1989.
		It is a single-volume adaptation of the third edition of "Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" and is designed to be used in conjunction with "Molecular Cloning", not as a replacement for it.
		Each protocol is cross-referenced to the appropriate pages in the original book: the reader is directed to the relevant sections in the original book to ensure that they understand the full context of their experiments.
	www.gorilla.it /gorilla/product.4print.asp?SessionID=t&sku=0879697717 (263 words)

	Molecular Cloning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Techniques for accomplishing DNA manipulations for a variety of purposes are included in the term molecular cloning.
		Molecular cloning for modification of cells and organisms is covered elsewhere.
		Often these are indicative of the presence of an insert in the vector.
	opbs.okstate.edu /~melcher/MG/MGW4/MG428.html (342 words)

	Molecular cloning
		Molecular Cloning, Characterization and Expression of the Recombinant Protein of Porcine Interleukin-18.
		Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of cDNA encoding cis-prenyltransferases from Hevea brasiliensis.
		Molecular cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a Trichoderma viride endo-b-(1¡ú6)-galactanase gene molecular cloning.
	www.byhealthyeating.com /molecular+cloning.html (212 words)

	Molecular Plant Sciences
		Our research deals broadly with the origin, metabolism and function of terpenoids in plants, and more specifically with the monoterpene (C10), sesquiterpene (C15) and diterpene (C20) constituents of the essential oils and resins used in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, flavors, fragrances, and as industrial raw materials.
		These low molecular weight terpenoids also provide a means of chemical defense and communication in plants, yet these compounds are also catabolized during development, suggesting a metabolic role in addition to the ecological function.
		Ringer, K.L., Davis, E.M. and Croteau, R. Monoterpene Metabolism: Cloning, Expression and Characterization of ()-Isopiperitenol/()-Carveol Dehydrogenase from Peppermint and Spearmint.
	molecularplants.wsu.edu /research/croteau/index.htm (502 words)

	Molecular Cloning Services-ATG Laboratories, Inc.
		The PCR product will be cloned directly into a T/A cloning vector or digested with restriction enzymes and subcloned into the plasmid vector of your choice.
		All mutagenesis clones are screened by DNA sequence analysis to ensure that the desired base changes have been made, and to ensure sequence integrity of the remainder of the clone.
		You will receive the sequence of your clone and a report outlining the sequencing strategy, alignments of individual sequencing reactions and the trace data in printed or electronic form.
	www.atglabsinc.com /jam_clsr.htm (453 words)

	Southerns, Northerns, Westerns, & Cloning: Molecular Searching Techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Molecular searches use one of several forms of complementarity to identify the macromolecules of interest among a large number of other molecules.
		These 'molecular weight standards' are used to calibrate the gel run and the molecular weight of any sample molecule can be determined by interpolating between the standards.
		If we were to cut human DNA with a restriction enzyme and run it on a Southern blot probed with a clone of the actin gene from an other organism, we could construct a restriction map of the human actin gene.
	web.mit.edu /esgbio/www/rdna/rdna.html (3119 words)

	Cloning and Molecular Analysis of Genes
		The three molecular events that maintain the genetic integrity and convert DNA information into a protein molecule are replication, transcription and translation.
		Each of th ese events are enzymatically driven and some of the enzymes involved in these steps are important for molecular studies.
		Although these enzymes are important for molecular cloning, they are not the only ones that are important.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /instruct/mcclean/plsc431/cloning/clone1.htm (202 words)

	Scientist Solutions - Molecular Cloning
		Molecular cloning of transducer gene hjtB from extremely halophilic archaeon Haloarcula japonica.
		Molecular cloning of transducer genes hjtA and hjtC from extremely halophilic archaeon Haloarcula japonica.
		Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of Leishmania donovani serine hydroxymethyltransferase.
	www.scientistsolutions.com /f51-Molecular+Cloning.html (284 words)

	Cloning and Molecular Analysis of Genes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The molecular analysis of DNA has been made possible by the cloning of DNA.
		The two molecules that are required for cloning are the DNA to be cloned and a cloning vector.
		Cloning vector - a DNA molecule that carries foreign DNA into a host cell, replicates inside a bacterial (or yeast) cell and produces many copies of itself and the foreign DNA
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /instruct/mcclean/plsc431/cloning/clone3.htm (296 words)

	Molecular Biology/Cloning Protocols
		Subtractive cloning is a powerful technique that allows isolation of the differences in the nucleic acid composition of two cell samples (Figure 1).
		Cell-based DNA cloning has been used widely as a tool for producing quantities of pure DNA for physical characterization and functional studies of individual genes.
		Cloning using double-stranded oligos - Tips on preparation of oligos and vector, prevention of concatamer formation
	www.protocol-online.org /prot/Molecular_Biology/Cloning/index.html (515 words)

	Plasmid Insertion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Process by which a plasmid is used to import recombinant DNA into a host cell for cloning.
		In DNA cloning, a DNA fragment that contains a gene of interest is inserted into a cloning vector or plasmid.
		DNA cloning allows a copy of any specific part of a DNA (or RNA) sequence to be selected among many others and produced in an unlimited amount.
	www.accessexcellence.org /AB/GG/plasmid.html (217 words)

	Amazon.com: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (3-Volume Set): Books: Joseph Sambrook,David W. Russell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The first two editions of this manual have been mainstays of molecular biology for nearly twenty years, with an unrivalled reputation for reliability, accuracy, and clarity.
		These are followed by chapters on cDNA cloning and exon trapping, amplification of DNA, generation and use of nucleic acid probes, mutagenesis, and DNA sequencing.
		As in earlier editions, this is the only manual that explains how to achieve success in cloning and provides a wealth of information about why techniques work, how they were first developed, and how they have evolved.
	www.amazon.com /Molecular-Cloning-Laboratory-Manual-Set/dp/0879695773 (1863 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Molecular Cloning (3-volume set): Books: Joe Sambrook,David Russell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This edition of "Molecular Cloning" has been completely updated, with every protocol revised and a mass of new material.
		It aims to maintain its value in the study of genetics, molecular cell biology, developmental biology, microbiology, neuroscience and immunology.
		An asset to any professional laboratory which is training staff in molecular biology and requires tried and tested protocols as well as background information.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Molecular-Cloning-set-Joe-Sambrook/dp/0879695773 (580 words)

	rDNA: Molecular cloning—Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Molecular cloning—not to be confused with cell cloning or whole animal cloning—is an important tool in our endeavour to understand the structure, function and regulation of individual genes and their products.
		An important resource is the creation of a DNA library, which is a complete collection of DNA fragments, each located singly within a cloning vector that is capable of replication when transferred to an appropriate host cell.
		Two distinct types of library can be formed, depending on whether the cloned DNA was derived by fragmentation of the genome (genomic library) or was copied from cellular messenger RNA (cDNA library).
	www.rvc.ac.uk /review/DNA_1/1_Mol_Cloning.cfm (120 words)

	Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a snake venom metalloprotease -- Jeon and Kim 263 (2): 526 -- FEBS ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a snake venom metalloprotease -- Jeon and Kim 263 (2): 526 -- FEBS Journal
		Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a snake venom metalloprotease
		Kang, I.C., Chung, K.H., Lee, S.J., Yun, Y.D., Moon, H.M. and Kim, D.S. (1998) Purification and molecular cloning of a platelet aggregation inhibitor from the snake (Agkistrodon halys brevicaudus) venom.
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/263/2/526 (4040 words)

	FSU Biology - Research Facilities - Molecular Cloning - Prices
		Construction of Genomic DNA Library: Purified genomic DNA of high molecular weight should be supplied by the investigator.
		DNA fragments will be subcloned into the vector of your choice and recombinant clones will be verified by restriction analysis.
		Molecular weight markers: pGem 3Zf(-); 14 restriction fragments ranging in size from 22 bp to 2977 bp.
	www.bio.fsu.edu /mol_cloning-prices.php (465 words)

	Molecular cloning, kits: GeneJET™ PCR Cloning Kit
		The GeneJET™ PCR Cloning Kit is an advanced positive selection system for the highest efficiency cloning of PCR products generated with any DNA polymerase.
		The kit offers cloning efficiencies of up to 100% positive clones, eliminating the need for tedious colony screening.
		The cloning vector is also tested in a self-ligation experiment for the absence of cloning background.
	www.fermentas.com /catalog/kits/genejetpcrclon.htm (417 words)

	Molecular cloning of bz2-m (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		We have used the Ds element as a tag for the molecular cloning of a DNA fragment from this locus.
		Such a band was found in a BgIII-digest, and the corresponding 4.3 kb fragment was cloned into the lambda vector NM 1151 (B. Klein and K. Murray, J. Mol.
		A proof that the cloned DNA fragment indeed came from the bz2-m locus was obtained using a DNA fragment flanking Ds as a probe in Southern experiments.
	www.maizegdb.org /mnl/60/57theres.html (284 words)

	Molecular Cloning of Cytidine Monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase -- Kawano et al. 270 (27): 16458 -- ...
		A mouse cDNA clone of the enzyme was obtained by a combination of the polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends.
		The sequence of the clone contained an open reading frame coding for a protein of 577 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 66 kDa.
		Cloning and expression of a membrane-bound CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase from the starfish Asterias rubens
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/270/27/16458 (866 words)

	Molecular Cloning and Expression of the Fabs of Human Autoantibodies in Escherichia coli. DETERMINATION OF THE HEAVY OR ...
		Molecular Cloning and Expression of the Fabs of Human Autoantibodies in Escherichia coli.
		Cloning of the Light Chain-- All the three autoantibodies B3, 33H11, and UK4 are lambda antibodies and possess similar sequences up to 72 bp at 5' end
		the cloning of one antibody belonging to that locus.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/275/45/35129 (6208 words)

	Vectors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		There are several types of vector DNA for molecular cloning.
		Plasmids are used widely in cloning in bacteria.
		Vectors can be thought of as an assemblage of modules that provide requirements essential for efficient molecular cloning.
	opbs.okstate.edu /~melcher/MG/MGW4/MG4281.html (239 words)

	rDNA: Insertion of the chosen DNA into a vector
		This is accomplished by taking advantage of the fact that bacteria and bacteriophage replicate their DNA with high fidelity, many times, in a relatively short time-frame.
		There are two sorts of cloning vector: viral vectors (known as bacteriophage, or simply, phage) and plasmid vectors.
		gt10) also possess a unique cloning site; in addition they possess complementary, cohesive (cos) ends - which may be regarded as giant sticky ends, operating on the same principle as the overlapping ends within overhanging restriction sites, but are much larger.
	www.rvc.ac.uk /review/DNA_1/1b_Insertion.cfm (347 words)

	Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Unique Mammalian Cardiac Nav Channel Isoform with Low ...
		Total RNA samples (20 µg) purified from rat (heart, lane 1; brain, lane 2; and liver, lane 3) or bovine (heart, lane 4; brain, lane 5; and liver, lane 6) tissues were used in a Northern blot experiment with digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probes derived from the rat brain (A) or bovine heart (B) isoforms.
		Molecular weight standards in kilobases are shown to the right of the blots.
		Sheng ZH, Zhang H, Barchi RL and Kallen RG (1994) Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the promoter of rat skeletal muscle voltage-sensitive sodium channel subtype 2 (rSkM2): evidence for muscle-specific nuclear protein binding to the core promoter.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/303/1/89 (6324 words)

	Wiley::Introduction to Molecular Cloning Techniques
		Introduction to Molecular Cloning Techniques is a concise summary of the basis principles and methods used in genetic engineering and is intended for students and research technicians involved in microbiology, molecular biology, genetics, bioengineering, biotechnology, and chemical engineering.
		The chapters describe important aspects of molecular cloning by providing the necessary fundamental biochemistry and microbiology background to clearly introduce the pertinent genetic engineering concepts.
		Examples of routinely used experimental protocols and solved problems are included at the end of each chapter in order to extend their theoretical content and familiarize the reader with laboratory technicians and the conditions for their use.
	www.wiley.com /WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471188492.html (213 words)

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