
	Where results make sense

Topic: Molecular motor

Related Topics

molecular weight

molecular orbitals

molecular evolution

molecular mass

molecular genetics

Central dogma of molecular biology

molecular engineering

molecular dynamics

molecular biologists

molecular cloud

molecular assembler

Neutral theory of molecular evolution

In the News (Tue 14 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Molecular motors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Molecular motors are biological "nanomachines" and are the essential agents of movement in living organisms.
		One important difference between molecular motors and macroscopic motors is that molecular motors operate in the thermal bath, an environment where thermal noise is significant relative to the motor's energy consumption.
		Because the motor events are stochastic, molecular motors are often modeled with the Fokker-Planck equation or with Monte Carlo methods.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Motor_protein (510 words)

	Cornell News: Molecular motor
		The engineers' breakthrough is in integrating a living molecular motor with a fabricated device at the "nano" scale, a few billionths of a meter in size.
		The ATPase molecular motors are found in the membranes of mitochondria, the microscopic bodies in the cells of nearly all living organisms, as well as in chloroplasts of plant cells, where the enzyme is responsible for converting food to usable energy.
		ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the fuel for the molecular motor's motion.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/Sept99/bio_nano_mechanical.hrs.html (872 words)

	10.18.2001 - Molecular motor powerful enough to pack DNA into viruses at greater than champagne pressures, researchers ...
		Such tight packing is achieved by one of the most powerful molecular motors ever observed, stronger than the motors that move our muscles or the nanoscale molecular motors that duplicate DNA or transcribe it into RNA.
		The motor the researchers studied is part of the bacteriophage ø29 (phi-29), a virus that is the scourge of the common soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
		Eventually, the researchers were able to measure the force generated by the motor throughout the entire packing process, allowing them to calculate the total work involved, the total internal pressure and the energy released when the capsid is uncorked.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2001/10/18_motor.html (1140 words)

	Axonemal dynein molecular motor
		The dynein motors undergo a cycle of activity, during which they form a transient attachment to the doublet, and push it towards the tip of the cilium or flagellum.
		Kinesins are plus-end directed motors whilst dyneins move towards the minus end of the microtubule, which tends to be anchored in the centrosome of the cell.
		Motor molecules are also found in the contractile elements (myofibrils) of muscle cells, and in cilia and flagella, the oscillatory, whip-like appendages of a range of cells.
	www.foresight.org /Conferences/MNT6/Papers/Taylor (4053 words)

	Molecular motor
		Molecular motor, protein or protein complex that transforms chemical energy into mechanical work at a molecular (nanometer) scale.
		Motor proteins move in eukaryotic cells along filaments (actin filaments, microtubules) - periodic and relatively rigid protein structures with a periodicity of the order of 10 nanometers.
		Some of the known motors are myosin that moves along actin filaments, and kinesin and dynein that move along microtubules (tubulin filaments).
	nanoatlas.ifs.hr /molecular_motor.html (136 words)

	Molecular motor turns both ways (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		By constructing the first artificial molecular motor that can be made to turn in different directions, UK chemists have gained an insight into how the energy is used in such systems, and why they don’t violate the second law of thermodynamics.
		The molecular motor that David Leigh and colleagues at the University of Edinburgh constructed is essentially a circular train set with two stations separated by two signals (2).
		Like the molecular motors in the cell, this chemical train set is driven forwards only by Brownian motion and the exclusion of unwanted alternatives.
	www.rsc.org /chemistryworld/Issues/2005/January/molecularmotor.asp (278 words)

	New Type Of Molecular Motor Suggested
		The researchers, two Northwestern University chemists, said the downside of conventional molecular machines are that they are driven as an ensemble, usually by external light or chemistry, and are made up of many molecules.
		Interestingly, because the conductivity of the molecular junction depends on the location of the buckyball between the electrodes, the current oscillates with time at the frequency of the buckyball oscillations.
		Seideman said a practical demonstration of such a molecular motor should not be too far away.
	www.scienceagogo.com /news/20050701003622data_trunc_sys.shtml (762 words)

	Conference: Molecular Motors - New Data and Research in Applications for Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine
		In both motors nucleotides bind to the motor domain, and induce conformational changes, which are amplified by a second region, known as the neck.
		In the approaches toward molecular motors that will be reported the photochemical modulation of chirality is accomplished and it is shown that the energy from the light is used to accomplish unidirectional molecular type rotary motion.
		Molecular control of switching, organization and motion are all essential to the ultimate construction of advanced motors and several experimental approaches will be reported.
	www.knowledgefoundation.com /molecular2000.html (2796 words)

	BIOC3390 Molecular Motors
		There are many other kinds of molecular motors, including chaperones, rotary motors like the F1 ATPase and bacterial flagella, nucleic acid motors such as helicases and topoisomerases, and the motors responsible for peptide and nucleic acid translocation during ribosomal protein synthesis.
		Motor neurones need to drag many of the major cellular components from their site of synthesis in the cell body near the nucleus down the axon to their point of use at the motor endplate, which in humans may be about 1 metre distant.
		The motor domain is a relatively constant feature of the numerous myosin variants, but the remainder of these molecules shows enormous variation, in keeping with their differing physiological functions.
	www.bmb.leeds.ac.uk /illingworth/motor01 (3378 words)

	Molecular Motors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		These molecular motors are homologous to proteins that we have encountered in other contexts, including the G proteins in protein synthesis, signaling, and other processes.
		Molecular motors operate by small increments, converting changes in protein conformation into directed motion.
		The motor proteins cycle between forms having high or low affinity for the filament tracks in response to ATP binding and hydrolysis, enabling a bind, pull, and release mechanism that generates motion.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?rid=stryer.chapter.4851 (346 words)

	HHMI News: Sponge Toxin Halts Molecular Motor
		A toxin produced by the sponge Haliclona is the first chemical to be identified that shuts down the ubiquitous cellular motor proteins known as kinesins, according to Lawrence S. Goldstein, a Hughes investigator.
		Motor molecules that provide the power for cellular transportation are divided into two superfamilies: dyneins and kinesins.
		Kinesin motors transport freight from the middle of the cell outward.
	www.hhmi.org /news/goldstein.html (744 words)

	Microscopic motor shifts speeds TRN 112900
		In the drive to harness molecular forces to power microscopic devices, researchers at the University of Tokyo have made a rotary motor with a built-in transmission system.
		The motors could eventually power nanoscale mechanical devices and serve as electromechanical switches for future computer memory and logic units, if they can be controlled individually and added to larger systems.
		The double-decker motor is compelling, said Joseph Lyding, a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois.
	trnmag.com /Stories/112900/Microscopic_motor_shifts_speeds_112900.html (568 words)

	ScienceDaily: Single Amino Acid Mutation Dramatically Alters Direction Of A Molecular "Motor"
		Molecular motors are proteins made up of amino acids like any other protein in a cell.
		Scientists believe that malfunctioning molecular motors might be responsible for some diseases caused by incorrect distribution of chromosomes during cell division, such as Down syndrome.
		Changing a certain amino acid in a molecular motor called Ncd, which was discovered at Duke, caused an "astonishing" result in the motor's behavior, said Sharyn Endow, lead author of the research report, which appears in the Aug. 24 issue of the journal Nature.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2000/08/000824081634.htm (2033 words)

	www.rotaxane.net
		The motor consists of two mechanically interlocked rings; the larger ring can be considered a track for the smaller ring (shown in blue) to move around.
		Being able to make practical molecular motors is a prerequisite for future visions of a 'working synthetic nanotechnology', whatever that turns out to eventually be.
		The molecular motor reported in Science is a step towards changing that.
	www.s119716185.websitehome.co.uk /home/november04paper.html (1658 words)

	Modeling myosin minimizes molecular motor mysteries
		Myosin belongs to a class of proteins known as molecular motors that transport different shipments within the cell.
		Besides moving particles within cells, molecular motors also can drive whole cells that travel long distances, such as lymphocytes hurrying to the site of an infection or embryonic cells migrating to their final destination in a developing organism.
		Complicating that picture is a finding that cells contain many different molecular motors, the so-called family of myosin proteins.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/93/930824Arc3165.html (1652 words)

	Molecular motor implicated in tissue remodeling
		The enzyme, MMP-1, is a member of a group of enzymes that breaks down collagen, a fibrous substance that constitutes the foundation of the extracellular matrix that supports the cells in the body's tissues.
		While most molecules that act as motors are inside cells and get their energy from a ubiquitous high-energy molecule called ATP, the team found that MMP-1 gets its energy by breaking the molecular bonds in the collagen filament it is attached to.
		The researchers propose that the molecular motor contributes to restructuring the extracellular support matrix during tissue growth and development or wound repair or even during cancerous invasion of tissues.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-09/wuso-mmi093004.php (527 words)

	German scientists mastermind a backwards-moving molecular motor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		These blocks are: a forward-moving class-I myosin motor domain, a directional inverter formed by a four-helix bundle segment of human guanylate-binding protein-1 and an artificial lever arm formed by two alpha-actinin repeats.
		Myosins are mechano-enzymes that contain a common motor domain, by which they convert the energy from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate into movement exerted against polar actin filaments.
		Conformational changes in the core motor domain are either amplified or amplified and redirected by the neck region in both protein classes,' note the researchers.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=5736 (435 words)

	Nanotechnology
		molecular robotics, e.g., robotic devices that are molecular both in their size and precision.
		Steps towards molecular manufacturing discusses the design of molecular building blocks that could be used in conjunction with positional assembly in solution (no vacuum) to build a useful range of non-diamondoid molecular structures, including early assemblers.
		While DNA is not as stiff as might be desired for molecular robotics applications, the ability to synthesize an octahedral structure suggests that the self assembly of a simple positional device is possible.
	www.zyvex.com /nano (2301 words)

	Thermodynamics and Kinetics of a Molecular Motor Ensemble -- Baker and Thomas 79 (4): 1731 -- Biophysical Journal
		The M and MT states of spin-labeled myosin motors in muscle have characteristic electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) lines, and the relative intensities of these lines provide a direct measure of the fraction of motors in the M and MT states (Baker et al.
		Thus, for both classes of molecular motors, net work is performed with each spontaneous binding transition.
		We emphasize that this is not a thermal ratchet model in that a thermally equilibrated motor (or pawl) does not ratchet the wheel to turn unidirectionally.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/4/1731 (3730 words)

	ScienceDaily: Molecular Motor Implicated In Tissue Remodeling
		Step Towards Building Tiny, Molecular Motors Achieved (March 23, 2004) -- A step towards building tiny motors on the scale of a molecule has been demonstrated by researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the University of California at Los Angeles...
		Molecular biology -- Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level.
		Biochemistry Molecular Biology of Plants is a major contribution to the plant sciences literature, superbly edited by three distinguished scientists, Bob B. Buchanan, Wilhelm Gruissem, and Russell...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/10/041001091737.htm (1711 words)

	BBC News \| Sci/Tech \| Scientists make molecular motor
		Two molecular motors are reported in the journal Nature.
		One of his motivations was to understand the molecular motors that are found in all forms of life.
		The diminutive motor consists of 78 atoms arranged in two molecules, a three sided spindle composed of star-shaped molecules and a base plate molecule on which it rests.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/441670.stm (404 words)

	Movies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rhodamine-labelled microtubules and ATP (1mM) are introduced, and the adsorbed motors transport the microtubules across the surface.
		Motors are randomly adsorbed, but only motors that are oriented properly with respect to the microtubule axis are able to produce motion.
		When the PH is attchached to the minus-end directed motor, ncd, cargo is transported in the opposite direction (to the microtubule minus-end) with the directionality and velocity consistent with ncd in a gliding assay (minus-end directed, 0.17 um/s).
	valelab.ucsf.edu /movies/movies.html (545 words)

	Unidirectional rotary motion in a liquid crystalline environment: Color tuning by a molecular motor -- van Delden et ...
		Four-step unidirectional rotation cycle of molecular motor 1a, 2b, 2a, and 1b.
		Percentage of the three detectable forms of the molecular motor (1a, 2a, 1b) upon irradiation of a doped thin film of 1a (2.4 weight %) in E7 at RT in time.
		Schematic representation of unidirectional rotation of the guest molecular motor 1a, the induced elongation of the pitch of the LC host matrix, and the change in reflection wavelength of the light.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/062660699v1 (2516 words)

	Taylor: Axonemal dynein -- a natural molecular motor
		The motor molecules found in cilia and flagella, the oscillatory, whip-like appendages of a range of cells, are known as the axonemal dyneins and interact with microtubules which form the skeleton of these appendages.
		When removed from the cilium or flagellum, and examined by electron microscopy, the outer dynein arm appears as a bouquet structure consisting of a branched stalk bearing, in general, three globular heads (Fig 2a).
		Observations of flagella with rows of inner or outer motors missing (Brokaw and Kamiya, 1987) have suggested that the activity of the outer motors determines the frequency of the oscillations on the flagellum, whilst that of the inner motors determines the bend shape of these oscillations.
	www.foresight.org /conference/MNT6/Abstracts/Taylor (1479 words)

	Unidirectional molecular motor on a gold surface
		Such molecular motors convert light or chemical energy into directional rotary or linear motion, and are usually prepared and operated in solution.
		Here we demonstrate that a light-driven molecular motor capable of repetitive unidirectional rotation can be mounted on the surface of gold nanoparticles.
		The motor design uses a chiral helical alkene with an upper half that serves as a propeller and is connected through a carbon–carbon double bond (the rotation axis) to a lower half that serves as a stator.
	stratingh.eldoc.ub.rug.nl /root/FeringaBL/2005/NaturevDelden (240 words)

	Axonemal dynein - a natural molecular motor
		In cilia and flagella, axonemal dynein motors are attached to nine microtubule doublets arranged cylindrically around two microtubules.
		Each motor undergoes a cycle of activity, during which it forms a transient attachment to the neighbouring doublet, and pushes it towards the tip of the cilium or flagellum.
		Agreement between experiment and simulation results from random or sequential activity within the motor assembly and motility characteristics of an individual arm are thus predicted.
	stacks.iop.org /0957-4484/10/237 (348 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)