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Topic: Molecular nanotechnology

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	Molecular nanotechnology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In August 2005, a task force consisting of 50+ international experts from various fields was organized by the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology to study the societal implications of molecular nanotechnology.
		The desire in molecular nanotechnology would be to place molecular moieties in deterministic locations with deterministic orientation to obtain desired chemical reactions, and then to build systems by further assembling the products of these reactions.
		Molecular nanotechnology is one of the technologies that analysts believe will lead to a Technological Singularity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Molecular_nanotechnology (2438 words)

	What is Nanotechnology?
		As nanotechnology became an accepted concept, the meaning of the word shifted to encompass the simpler kinds of nanometer-scale technology.
		Nanotechnology is often referred to as a general-purpose technology.
		The power of nanotechnology can be encapsulated in an apparently simple device called a nanofactory that may sit on your countertop or desktop.
	www.crnano.org /whatis.htm (1064 words)

	Nanotechnology and Cryonics
		The subject of molecular nanotechnology was introduced to the world by Eric Drexler in his book Engines of Creation.
		Since this level of molecular nanotechnology is likely to arrive within the next 30 years, most people alive today will very likely achieve a life span measured in centuries.
		We now know what technology (molecular nanotechnology) can be used to revive those in cryonic suspension, and we know that the cryonics organizations need only survive for the two or three more decades until the nanotechnology revolution.
	www.webcom.com /cfsc/nanocryo.html (1423 words)

	EurekAlert - Nanotechnology In Context
		Molecular manufacturing, and the use of molecular assemblers to hold and position molecules, will be key to the future, controlling how molecules react, and allowing scientists to build complex structures with atomically precise control.
		Nanotechnology, which works on the nanometer scale of molecules and atoms, will be a large part of this future, enabling great improvements in all these fields.
		Molecular assemblers will build with atomic precision by mechanically guiding chemical reactions that typically add a few atoms at a time, but some researchers have criticized this misconception as if it were the actual proposal.
	www.eurekalert.org /context.php?context=nano&show=essays (1119 words)

	Small Times: News about MEMS, Nanotechnology and Microsystems
		The earthshaking insight of molecular nanotechnology is that, when we reach this scale, we can reverse direction and begin building up, making products by placing individual atoms and molecules exactly where we want them.
		Building an assembler is one of the ambitious research projects of Zyvex, a Texas firm that bills itself as "the first molecular nanotechnology company." Zyvex has gathered many leading minds in physics, chemistry, mechanical engineering, and computer programming to focus on the long-range goal of molecular assembler manufacturing technology.
		The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology is studying all the issues involved-political, economic, military, humanitarian, technological, and environmental-and developing well-grounded, complete, and workable proposals for effective administration and safe use of advanced nanotechnology.
	www.smalltimes.com /document_display.cfm?document_id=7161 (3133 words)

	Nanotechnology
		Nanotechnology is an anticipated manufacturing technology giving thorough, inexpensive control of the structure of matter.
		The term has sometimes been used to refer to any technique able to work at a submicron scale; Molecular nanotechnology means basically "A place for every atom and every atom in its place." (other terms, such as molecular engineering, molecular manufacturing, etc. are also often applied).
		Molecular manufacturing will enable the construction of giga-ops computers smaller than a cubic micron; cell repair machines; personal manufacturing and recycling appliances; and much more.
	project.cyberpunk.ru /idb/nanotech.html (255 words)

	NSS Position Paper on Space and Molecular Nanotechnology
		Molecular nanotechnology "expresses the concept of ultimately being able to arrange atoms in a predetermined fashion by manipulating individual atoms" [Aono].
		Molecular nanotechnology can be confused with the micromachines being produced by microlithographic processes, but the two are very different<2>.
		The principles of molecular nanotechnology are being demonstrated daily in government and industry laboratories world wide, including the arrangement of 35 xenon atoms to spell out "IBM" [Eigler], the construction of three-dimensional structures from DNA [Seeman], and then engineering of branched, non-biological protein with enzymatic activity [Hahn].
	www.islandone.org /MMSG/NSSNanoPosition.html (2776 words)

	The New Atlantis - A Journal of Technology and Society
		Nanotechnology is especially appealing to those in the growing ranks of what Charles T. Rubin, in the previous issue of this journal, usefully dubbed the “extinctionist project”: the transhumanists, posthumanists, extropians, and others who seek to completely remake human nature.
		Nanotechnology is central to their vision of a future of agelessness, immortality, and rebirth.
		Nanotechnology education is most needed in newsrooms across the country and in the halls of the Capitol itself: We need reporters who know what they’re talking about and who ask the right questions, and we need political leaders who can guide us through the confusing and potentially perilous times ahead.
	www.thenewatlantis.com /archive/2/keiper.htm (7056 words)

	Nanotechnology: Benefits of Molecular Manufacturing
		Molecular manufacturing can be self-contained and clean; a single packing crate or suitcase could contain all equipment required for a village-scale industrial revolution.
		However, molecular manufacturing does not require skilled labor or a large supporting infrastructure; a single nanofactory with a single chemical supply and power supply can produce a wide range of useful, reliable products, including copies of itself to double the manufacturing infrastructure in hours, if desired.
		Molecular manufacturing can create computer logic gates a few nanometers on a side, and efficient enough to be stacked in 3D.
	www.crnano.org /benefits.htm (1927 words)

	"Nanotechnology: It's a Small, Small, Small, Small World" by Ralph C. Merkle, Ph.D.
		At the molecular scale, the idea of holding and positioning molecules is new and almost shocking.
		Military applications of nanotechnology raise a number of concerns that prudence suggests we begin to investigate before, rather than after, we develop this new technology.
		If we had surgical tools that were molecular both in their size and precision, we could develop a medical technology that for the first time would let us directly heal the injuries at the molecular and cellular level that are the root causes of disease and ill health.
	www.actionbioscience.org /newfrontiers/merkle.html (2122 words)

	Web Publishing and Molecular Nanotechnology
		Nanotechnology, or what could more specifically be termed molecular nanotechnology or molecular manufacturing, is the anticipated ability to inexpensively fabricate complex devices, both large and small, with precise control over the arrangement of the individual atoms that constitute the device.
		Nanotechnology has for the past 10 years captured the imaginations of those interested in the future, ever since Eric Drexler painted his compelling picture of the coming of nanotechnology and of its implications in his 1986 book
		Zyvex is the first molecular nanotechnology development company, founded with the mission to develop the first assembler, the molecular device that will make molecular nanotechnology a reality.
	www.halcyon.com /nanojbl (1830 words)

	Nanotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		molecular robotics, e.g., robotic devices that are molecular both in their size and precision.
		Steps towards molecular manufacturing discusses the design of molecular building blocks that could be used in conjunction with positional assembly in solution (no vacuum) to build a useful range of non-diamondoid molecular structures, including early assemblers.
		Nanotechnology in manufacturing by John Walker, part of a talk he gave in 1990 at the Autodesk technology forum.
	www.zyvex.com /nano (2285 words)

	Michael Anissimov - More Dangers from Molecular Nanotechnology
		This list of nanotechnology dangers was written as an add-on to the list of nanotech dangers at the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology's page on the topic.
		In his "Sapphire Mansions" paper, (Bradbury 2001) points out that "...one significant limit on the use of molecular nanotechnology for terrestrial applications turns out to be the global hipsithermal limit (the heat capacity of the planet)." He goes on to calculate, "This is generally taken to be in the vicinity of ~10^15 watts.
		What rarely gets pointed out is that these early AI researchers could never have succeeded in their goals, even in principle, because the computing power they had available was on par with the brain of an insect.
	www.acceleratingfuture.com /michael/works/nanotechdangers.htm (1961 words)

	The Nanotechnology Bookstore
		Eric Drexler discussing a "household" molecular manufacturing system (in chapter 1) and space vehicles that could be made using molecular manufacturing, capable of taking four people to orbit, and not much larger than a family station wagon (in chapter 11).
		Molecular nanotechnology has been defined as the three-dimensional positional control of molecular structure to create materials and devices to molecular precision.
		many of the most troubling questions about how nanotechnology might be used or abused are settled off-stage by the advent of world government, made possible (and benign) by the development of an infallible lie-detector that leads society to surrender privacy in return for security and prosperity.
	www.foresight.org /nano/Bookstore.html (2518 words)

	Institute for Molecular Manufacturing
		Molecular machinery parts design work by Dr. Eric Drexler includes a simple pump, a fine motion controller for molecular assembly, and a molecular differential gear.
		IMM is cosponsoring the Foresight Conferences on Molecular Nanotechnology:
		The Institute for Molecular Manufacturing and the Foresight Institute have proposed guidelines for the development of nanotechnology.
	www.imm.org (1280 words)

	1997 Nanotechnology Conference
		The Sixth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology will be held November 13-15 1998, at the Westin Hotel in Santa Clara, CA.
		molecular nanotechnology, that is, thorough three-dimensional structural control of materials and devices at the molecular level.
		This conference was a meeting of scientists and technologists working in fields leading toward molecular nanotechnology: thorough three-dimensional structural control of materials and devices at the molecular level.
	www.foresight.org /Conferences/MNT05/Nano5.html (791 words)

	Biotech: An Introduction to Molecular Nanotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Physicists ripped apart, smashed, and bombarded the atom until they were fairly sure that they could be predictably uncertain of its workings; however, in 1959 Richard Feynman suggested that some of the same techniques made available through modern physics might be used to design and build novel types of machinery from the atom up.
		After Feynman's address, there was a brief period of excitement involving alot of dreamy talk and a reprint in Engineering and Science, and then everyone went quietly back to finding out who could throw a subatomic particle the hardest.
		Nanotechnology strives to use biological, physical, chemical, and computational techniques already in existence to build things with atomic precision.
	biotech.icmb.utexas.edu /pages/science/nano.html (243 words)

	America's Nanotechnology Gap With China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In contrast to nuclear physics, molecular nanotechnology is not in the school curricula of any country (except China).
		But this does not prevent the understanding that molecular nanoweapons will be superior in their destructive power to nuclear weapons just as the latter were superior to conventional firearms.
		Molecular nanoweapons are expected to be able to destroy enemy means of nuclear retaliation, needed for Mutual Assured Destruction: submarines with nuclear missiles aboard, bombers with nuclear bombs high in the air, and nuclear missiles deep underground.
	www.newsmax.com /archives/articles/2004/8/5/192711.shtml (1240 words)

	biology - Molecular nanotechnology
		Recently, the term "nanotechnology" is applied to the currently available fine-scale chemistry or materials science or molecular engineering.
		Another proposed application of nanotechnology involves utility fog [4] — in which a cloud of networked microscopic robots (simpler than assemblers) changes its shape and properties to form macroscopic objects and tools in accordance with software commands.
		Drexler argues [10] that we may need to wait until our conventional nanotechnology improves before solving these issues: "Molecular manufacturing will result from a series of advances in molecular machine systems, much as the first Moon landing resulted from a series of advances in liquid-fuel rocket systems.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Molecular_nanotechnology (2091 words)

	Molecular nanotechnology - Doug Engelbart's Colloquium at Stanford \| Session 3: Neil Jacobstein
		Nanotechnology, the science and engineering of molecular-sized machines, seemed destined for oblivion until late in the 1980s.
		One of the premises in the current MNT (molecular nanotechnology) debate is there may be “rapid development from a basic fabricator to a flood of advanced
		Nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing: Opportunities and risks Molecular nanotechnology will happen, and it will transform the playing field for
	nanotechnology.surferspace.com /?q=nanotechnology-molecular-nanotechnology (210 words)

	Molecular Nanotechnology
		Nanotechnology is an expected future manufacturing technology that will make most products lighter, stronger, cleaner, less expensive and more precise.
		nanotechnology is predicted to be the most powerful technology yet developed by mankind.
		Nanotechnology has been created to foster, develop and promote all aspects of science and technology in those domains where dimensions and tolerances in the range of 0.1 nm...
	www.cordah.co.uk /molecular_nanotechnology.html (188 words)

	IMM Guidelines on Molecular Nanotechnology
		The IMM and Foresight Guidelines were developed during and after a workshop on Molecular Nanotechnology (MNT) Research Policy Guidelines sponsored by the Foresight Institute and the Institute for Molecular Manufacturing (IMM).
		Molecular Manufacturing and nanotechnology are not one thing, but rather a spectrum of technologies, with radically different risk profiles.
		They were also provided in the attachments to Ralph Merkle's June 1999 Congressional testimony on MNT, and referenced in Neil Jacobstein's presentation on Nanotechnology and Molecular Manufacturing: Opportunities and Risks at Stanford University's Colloquium for Doug Engelbart in January of 2000.
	www.imm.org /guidelines/current.html (2418 words)

	Nanotechnology: the coming revolution in molecular manufacturing
		Prospects in Nanotechnology presents articles from the First General Conference on Nanotechnology, a conference held by the Foresight Institute to present the wider applications of nanotechnology to an audience primarily of non-researchers.
		Nanotechnology: Research and Perspectives is the proceedings of the First Foresight Conference on Nanotechnology, the first interdisciplinary technical conference on nanotechnology.
		The abstracts of the talks and posters to be presented this November at the Fifth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology provide a snapshot of current research in fields leading toward molecular manufacturing.
	www.islandone.org /Foresight/NanoRev (849 words)

	Society of Manufacturing Engineers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Molecular nanotechnology promises to usher in the next Industrial Revolution and replace our entire manufacturing base with a new, radically precise, less expensive, and more flexible way of making products.
		Yet the future of nanotechnology relies on being able create the tools and instruments that will enable us to effectively position molecules and build complex structures with atomically precise control.
		To be sure, every aspect of basic nanoscale science and the commercial production of nanotechnologies will depend on the capacity of instruments, metrology devices, and tools to measure, sense, fabricate and manipulate matter at the molecular level.
	www.sme.org /cgi-bin/get-event.pl?--001566-000007-019573--SME- (371 words)

	Nanotech
		Colliding a beam of helium hydride (HeH+) molecular ions with a cold helium target, Prior and his colleagues have determined that the amount of energy exchanged during the collision depends upon the way the molecular ion approaches the target atom, such as whether the hydrogen in HeH+ faces towards or away from the He atom.
		Potential applications of other organic molecules to molecular electronics were considered by some speakers, and others reported on direct physical manipulations of molecules with scanning probe microscopes, while still others talked about using biomolecules for molecular engineering.
		The nanotechnology processors will be so small, according to Cauller, that it will be possible to put 1,000 parallel processors inside a conventional chip package.
	www.rdrop.com /~cary/html/nanotech.html (10984 words)

	Nanotechnology Conference
		The Fourth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology was held November 9-11, 1995, in Palo Alto, California.
		It was a multidisciplinary meeting on molecular nanotechnology, that is, thorough three-dimensional structural control of materials and devices at the molecular level.
		The Fifth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology will be held November 5-9 1997, in Palo Alto California.
	www.zyvex.com /nanotech/nano4.html (722 words)

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