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Topic: Monism

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Monistic theism

Neutral monism

Dialectical monism

Maltheism

Monotheism

Goddess movement

Substance dualism

Panentheism

Theodicy

Functionalism (philosophy of mind)

Henotheism

Pantheism

Philosophy of mind

Dualism

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	Monism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Monism is the metaphysical and theological view that all is of one essential essence, principle, substance or energy.
		Monism is to be distinguished from dualism, which holds that ultimately there are two kinds of substance, and from pluralism, which holds that ultimately there are many kinds of substance.
		Reflexive monism, a position developed by Max Velmans in 2000, as a method of resolving the difficulties associated with both dualist and reductionist agendas concerning consciousness, by viewing physical phenomena-as-perceived as being part of the contents of consciousness.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Monism (1736 words)

	http://www.TraditionalCatholic.net
		There is another form of metaphysical Monism, represented in these days by Haeckel and his followers, which, though materialistic in its scope and tendency, professes to transcend the point of view of materialistic Monism and unite both matter and mind in a higher something.
		It is the doctrine of Spinoza, whose metaphysical Monism compelled him to hold that body and soul are merely aspects of the one substance, God, under the attributes extension and thought, but that they unfold their modes of activity in a manner preordained to correspondence (Eth., II, ii, schol.).
		The problem of Dualism or Monism in epistemology depends, therefore, for solution on the question whether perception is presentative or representative; and the dualist, who holds the presentative theory, seems to have on his side the verdict of introspective psychology as well as the approval of common sense.
	www.traditionalcatholic.net /Tradition/Encyclopedia/Monism.html (4620 words)

	Monism - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Monism is the metaphysical view that all is of one essential essence, substance or energy.
		Another type of monism is qualified monism, the school of Ramanuja or Vishishtadvaita, which admits that the universe is part of God, or Narayana, a type of panentheism, but there is a plurality of souls within this supreme Being.
		There is a growing undercurrent of monism in the modern spiritual and philosophical climate, evidenced by increasing Western fascination with Hinduism (including Vedanta and Yoga), Taoism, Buddhism, Pantheism, Zen, and similar systems of thought which explore the mystical and spiritual elements of a monistic philosophy.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Monism (927 words)

	Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - monism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In philosophy of mind, monism is usually contrasted with the dualist position that mind and matter are deeply different.
		Thus, monism is the claim that mind and matter essentially the same.
		Spinoza's position is similar to that of Russell's neutral monism, however the latter is not committed to the belief that a supreme being is the more basic substance.
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/monism.html (206 words)

	Dialectical monism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dialectical monism is an ontological position which holds that reality is ultimately a unified whole, distinguishing itself from monism by asserting that this whole necessarily expresses itself in dualistic terms.
		To establish its premises, dialectical monism posits a Universal Dialectic, which is seen as the fundamental principle of existence.
		Dialectical polar monism holds that: (1) the cosmos and its contents are substantively and formally identical with teotl; and (2) teotl presents itself primarily as the ceaseless, cyclical oscillation of polar yet complementary opposites.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dialectical_monism (1088 words)

	Monism
		Monism is the philosophical view that only one sort of stuff in the universe exists ultimately.
		Monism is to be distinguished from dualism, which holds that ultimately there are two kinds of stuff, and from pluralism, which holds that ultimately there are many kinds of stuff.
		Neutral monism, which holds that both the mental and the physical can be reduced to some sort of third, more "neutral" kind of stuff
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mo/Monism.html (390 words)

	Neutral monism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Neutral monism, in philosophy, is the metaphysical view that existence consists of one kind (hence monism) of primal stuff, which in itself is neither mental nor physical, but is capable of mental and physical aspects or attributes.
		Neutral monism was introduced by the famous 17th century Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza.
		Emergent materialism is another form of metaphysical monism that respects both mind and matter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neutral_monism (158 words)

	Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Monism.
		It ignores all that is supernatural, and the dualism of mind and matter, God and creation; and, as this is the case, of course, there can be no opposition between God and the world, as unity cannot be in opposition to itself.
		Monism teaches that “all are but parts of one stupendous whole, whose body nature is, and God the soul;” hence, whatever is, only conforms to the cosmical laws of the universal ALL.
		Haeckel, of Jena, in 1866, revived this theory, and explains it thus: “Monism (the correlative of Dualism) denotes a unitary conception, in opposition to a supernatural one.
	www.bartleby.com /81/11568.html (186 words)

	MONISM - LoveToKnow Article on MONISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To this extent monism is justified; but it becomes mischievous if it prompts us to ignore important differences in facts as they present themselves to our intelligence.
		All forms of monism from Plotinus downwards tend to ignore personal individuality and volition, and merge all finite existence in the featureless unity of the Absolute; this, indeed, is what inspires the passion of the protest against rnonism.
		The doctrine of Schopenhauer and von Hartmann is a monism of cosmic will which submerges the individual no less completely than Hegelianism, though in a different manner.
	84.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MO/MONISM.htm (304 words)

	Bertrand Russell's Theory of Knowledge
		According to Russell, "materialistic monism" is the theory that all reality is physical, and that mental phenomena are merely rearrangements of physical matter.
		"Neutral monism" is the theory that physical and mental reality are not intrinsically different, and that physical and mental phenomena are merely rearrangements of a single, neutral substance or element.
		Russell criticizes "materialistic monism" for its assertion that every cognitive relation is physical, and for its assertion that there are no abstract facts.
	www.angelfire.com /md2/timewarp/russell.html (1005 words)

	Monism
		Monism teaches that there is only one kind of ultimate substance, and hence that there is no duality.
		Monism quite naturally leads to Pantheism, which teaches that all religious paths lead to the same ultimate end, since there is (according to monism) only one ultimate reality and everything else is maya.
		Neutral monism, a doctrine of Hume, Russell, and Mach, denies that reality is based in either the physical or the mental, but rather in one particular kind of substance that can be classified as neutral stuff.
	churches.net /churches/utmiss/Religionsectlists/Monism.htm (6975 words)

	IMMANENT DUALISM AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO DUALISM AND MONISM
		Monism is a cosmology that defines the symbolic and material realms as inseparably intertwined into a oneness of existence (e.g., Anthony and Robbins 1990:491- 492).
		Whereas unilevel monism is a vulgarized form open to many of the criticisms which have been leveled against monism, multilevel monism may be quite compatible with the technical rationality and bureaucratic structures of modem life (Anthony and Robbins 1990:494; Anthony and Ecker 1987).
		Monism is strong as a critique of and as a complement to dualism.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/topics/worldview/Worldviews4-00Steiner.html (9609 words)

	RUDOLF STEINER AND THE ESSENCE OF MONISM
		Implicit in Steiner’s anthroposophy, therefore, and very explicit in his ‘monism of thought’, is a causal premise that is the exact opposite to that which now holds sway in the natural sciences—wherein a spiritual world cannot exist as a causal force without creating a logically unacceptable conflict.
		Because monism as the necessary basis for science is an uncompromising taskmaster, in that either spirit or matter is nature’s true causal source, but never both.
		Similarly a spiritual monism can be built upon the work of any of ten thousand seers or prophets (although if it includes the acceptance of modern science at its face value it becomes a dualism), but here, as a rule the question does not remain open.
	www.southerncrossreview.org /35/cruse.htm (3039 words)

	Monism
		Monism is any doctrine based on the assumption of a single underlying principle.
		Monism as a philosophical term was first used by Christian Wolff to designate philosophies that attempted to eliminate the mind-body dichotomy.
		Monism is thus opposed to both dualism and pluralism.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txn/monism.htm (691 words)

	Monism
		But Monism can also be defined as the thesis that there is only one spiritual or Divine reality, and that physical and psychic reality are not separate from that.
		Monism (in the sense of Spiritual Monism) sees the Divine as an all-embracing impersonal or transpersonal Absolute Reality, which is identified with the innermost Self (the "God within").
		The persuasive thing about Monism is that it agrees with the universal quality of mystical experience; which is an all- embracing sense of unity.
	www.kheper.net /topics/worldviews/Monism.htm (1160 words)

	Haeckel and Monism.
		This "godless world-system" substantially agrees with the monism or pantheism of the modern scientist; it is only another expression for it, emphasizing its negative aspect, the non-existence of any supernatural deity.
		Monism teaches us that we are perishable children of the earth, who for one or two or at the most three generations have the good fortune to enjoy the treasures of our planet, to drink of the inexhaustible fountain of its beauty, and to trace out the marvelous play of its forces.
		Ethical monism "regards as the highest aim of all morality the re- establishment of a sound harmony between egoism and altruism, between self-live and the love of one's neighbour.
	members.aol.com /Pantheism0/haeckel.htm (2364 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2005.06.05
		The most important constituent of the book and the base for C.'s arguments is the distinction of three types of monism, which are first specified in the introduction to this edition (xviii-xxi) and then examined in detail in Chapter II, "Parmenides' monism and the arguments of B8" (65-75).
		Monism of such type allows many things to exist in the world, each being a modification of the first material substance (like the monism of Thales or Anaximenes).
		She suggests that one should not perceive the person portrayed therein as a historical figure, bearing in mind that "the purpose of the dialogue is to explore and to criticize certain aspects of Plato's Theory of Forms, especially the relation of participation, and the conception of Forms at work in the theory" (240).
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2005/2005-06-05.html (2125 words)

	Monism is a religious view concerning life. Fundamental errors in the doctrine of monism
		Monism is an atheistic philosophy, and many are deceived thinking that it is a "scientific" justification for rejecting God and His authority as Creator.
		Monism leads to a series of beliefs about the past and future in explaining facts that are observable in the present.
		However, Advaita which is based on monism corrupted the theistic faith of the Hindus, and many are Advaitans not realizing that they have deviated from their theistic Hindu roots.
	www.geocities.com /athens/parthenon/2104/monism.html (654 words)

	Blob Monism Outline 7 11 02
		The distinctive characteristic of blobjectivist monism is affirmation of the dynamics of one.
		Such ontological monism is best holistically construed and the radical diversity that it promotes is best served by normative particularism that claims how there are no general principles or patterns in the world.
		Normative monism on the contrary needs general rules and to sustain these it needs atomistic cases which should be put together by the power of general principles.
	www2.arnes.si /~supmpotr/Monism.htm (14786 words)

	Monism
		It is a monism as opposed to dualism.
		It is the monism we arrive at when we stop short, when we give in to the temptation to jump at the conclusion too early in the game.
		If we may be allowed to come up with the analogy here, the horizontal monism could be compared to the saying that all the rivers eventually return to the ocean, while the vertical monism could be characterized as "no rivers, no ocean".
	alexbunard.freeservers.com /reality/meta/monism.html (1623 words)

	Marxist Thought & Monism
		I view the kind of monism that Marxist philosophy has shown, to be more dynamic than the static monistic doctrines of the Catholic Church in the Medieval Times.
		Dynamic monism was the appropriate type of monism for resolving various intellectual dilemma in this age of antinomies, whether in science or in society.
		The task of reviving dynamic monism was done by Hegel in a most scholarly manner and his system was strong enough to challenge the Aristotelian system after almost two thousand years.
	www.ghandchi.com /299-MarxismEng.htm (5701 words)

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