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Topic: Monodentate

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	Ligand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some ligand molecules are able to bind to the metal ion through multiple sites because they have free lone pairs on more than one atom.
		They tend to be more stable than monodentate complexes, as it is necessary to break all of the bonds to the central atom for the ligand to be displaced.
		Monodentate ligands include virtually all anions and all simple Lewis bases.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ligand (1568 words)

	Ionic Conduction
		Monodentate and bidentate coordination geometries of Li by CF were found.
		The increase in monodentate coordination of Li by CF at the higher temperature frees Li to bridge between different CF ions.
		Li cation by triflate ions is monodentate or bidentate.
	cheminfo.chem.ou.edu /faculty/raw/ionic.html (471 words)

	Monodentate vs Bidentate Binding of Lanthanide Cations to PO2- in Bacteriorhodopsin
		The frequency difference between the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibration of PO in phosphatidylglycerol phospate (PGP) is used to differentiate between monodentate and bidentate binding of these groups to metal cations in the membrane of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and phosphatidylglycerol phospate.
		The binding of Ca to PGP is found to have a frequency difference corresponding to monodentate binding.
		It is proposed that at low pH the lanthanide cations with higher charge density have bidentate binding to bR, while at high pH, complexation with the OH competes with one of the oxygens of the PO for the binding of the lanthanide ion thus changing the bidentate to monodentate type binding.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jpchax/1996/100/i16/abs/jp9533279.html (289 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The frequency difference between the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibration of PO{sub 2}{sup+} in phosphatidylglycerol phosphate (PGP) is used to differentiate between monodentate and bidentate binding of these groups to metal cations in the membrane of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate.
		The binding of Ca{sup 2}{sup+} to PGP is found to have a frequency difference corresponding to monodentate binding.
		In contrast, the PO{sub 2}{sup -} symmetric and antisymmetric frequencies of PGP complexes with trivalent lanthanide cations with higher charge density (Ho{sup 3}{sup+} and Dy{sup 3}{sup+}) are observed to have smaller separations and to increase their separation with increasing pH toward the value observed for Ca{sup 2}{sup+} binding.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=263165 (401 words)

	National Synchrotron Light Source
		These inner-sphere monodentate complexes were observed at all pH and ionic strength values considered in the study.
		The EXAFS spectra are shown for aqueous selenate (pH 4) and selenate adsorbed on goethite at pH values of 6 and 3.5 in figure 1.
		A schematic representation of the outer- and inner-sphere monodentate complexes is provided in figure 2.
	www.nsls.bnl.gov /newsroom/science/2003/01-Peak.htm (775 words)

	The Organometallic HyperTextBook: Coordination Number and and Coordination Chemistry Definitions
		For simple monodentate and chelating ligands, the coordination number can be defined as the number of atoms or ligands directly bonded to the metal atom.
		Monodentate ligands have only one point of attachment to the metal center and occupy only one coordination site.
		A bidentate ligand may act in a monodentate fashion if one end is not attached to the metal center, in which case it is called ambidentate.
	www.ilpi.com /organomet/coordnum.html (1022 words)

	Heterometallic thiocubanes (C-2044) - Patent 4730064
		L.sup.3 is CO, a monodentate anion ligand selected from halide, mercaptide or alkoxide anion ligands, or O, N, P or S containing monodentate donor ligand, and
		L.sup.3 may be CO, a monodentate anion ligand such as a halide (preferably Cl), mercaptide or alkoxide, or another O, N, P, or S containing monodentate donor ligand.
		Although a large number of such ligands may be used, e.g., amino benzene thiolates, xanthates, dithiophosphinates, dithiophosphates, the preferred ligand is a dithiocarbamate of the formula S.sub.2 CNR.sub.2 wherein R is independently H or a hydrocarbyl or alkyl of C.sub.1 to C.sub.12.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4730064.html (2567 words)

	X-HCONH Complexes
		The formamide and its tautomer present different binding possibilities, monodentate binding to the oxygen in the formamide (xo1, xots1), and either to the oxygen (xo2.1, xo2.3, xo2.4) or nitrogen (xn2.1, xn2.3, xn2.4) of the tautomer.
		Among the aluminum complexes, in the oxygen monodentate complex, logically, we observe that the C-O bond is elongated, while the C-N bond shrinks, similarly, the opposite effect is detected in the nitrogen binding aluminum complexes.
		In the nitrogen-metal monodentate binding complexes, the shortest Al-N bond is found in the Aln2.4 complex, with a value of 1.836 Å while this bond has a length of 1.856 Å in Aln2.1.
	www.sc.ehu.es /powgep99/dcytp/teoricos/txema/tesia/node34.html (1486 words)

	[No title]
		Indeed, for MMOH, during reduction two hydroxo/aquo bridging ligands move out, and one of the carboxylate ligands of Fe[sup]2[/sup], Glu243, shifts to form a monodentate bridge between the two metals and coordinates with the Fe[sup]2[/sup]-center in a bidentate manner [18(c)].
		4 involve migration of one of the carboxylate ligands between the two Fe centers, from being a monodentate bridge ([muon]-1,1) between the two metals (as well as coordinating with the Fe[sup]2[/sup]-center in a bidentate manner, left), to form a bidentate ([muon]-1,2) bridge between the two irons (right).
		On the contrary, in the case of R2-like structures, the carboxylate ligand modeling Asp84 tends to be monodentate terminal (2) rather than chelating (4) to the Fe[sup]1[/sup]-center.
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/453/morokuma.txt (14176 words)

	Stability, Chelation and the Chelate Effect
		This can be seen by looking at the values for adding two monodentates compared with adding one bidentate, or adding four monodentates compared to two bidentates, or adding six monodentates compared to three bidentates.
		To form a complex with 6 monodentates requires 6 separate favourable collisions between the metal ion and the ligand molecules.
		To form the tris-bidentate metal complex requires an initial collision for the first ligand to attach by one arm but remember that the other arm is always going to be nearby and only requires a rotation of the other end to enable the ligand to form the chelate ring.
	wwwchem.uwimona.edu.jm:1104 /courses/chelate.html (1552 words)

	Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry \| Full text \| A superior P-H phosphonite: Asymmetric allylic substitutions with ...
		Bidentate P, N-ligands and a monodentate phosphoramidite for Pd-catalyzed allylic substitutions with unsymmetric substrates, cf.
		Besides bidentate P, N-ligands, monodentate ligands are useful, as was demonstrated successfully by Hayashi et al.
		Monodentate BIFOP ligands yield more of the linear alkylation product (Table 1), despite their huge steric demand.
	bjoc.beilstein-journals.org /content/2/1/7 (1480 words)

	Carboxylate Binding Modes in Zinc Proteins: A Theoretical Study -- Ryde 77 (5): 2777 -- Biophysical Journal
		When the exogenous zinc ligand is a water molecule, the most stable coordination mode of the carboxylate group is monodentate.
		In complexes with four zinc ligands and a total charge of +1, bidentate and monodentate coordinations are inherently of
		In complexes with four zinc ligands and a total charge of 0, monodentate coordination is inherently more stable.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/77/5/2777 (5473 words)

	[No title]
		Evidence for this mechanism is drawn from corresponding experiments with a variety of related CuI complexes in which the monodentate TTCN has been replaced by other sulfurcontaining ligands and which have been structurally characterized by Xray crystallography.
		Transient 3 is characterized by an optical absorption with (max = 370 nm and (~ 2000 M-1 cm-1 which depends on pH because this transient participates in three acid/base equilibria Deprotonation of the three water ligands associated with Cu(II) results in increasingly blueshifted absorptions.
		All the results require rapid ligand exchange in 1 and a particularly labile monodentate TTCN ligand.
	allen.rad.nd.edu /new_pubs/ndrl3919.doc (394 words)

	Model studies of the structures, reactivities, and reaction mechanisms of metalloenzymes
		As seen from Figure 1, we have found two sets of minima [29]: a) structures 1 and 3, both with one monodentate (µ-1,1) and one bidentate (µ-1,2) Fe–Fe bridging carboxylate ligand (MMOH-like structures); and b) structures 2 and 4, both with two bidentate (µ-1,2) Fe–Fe bridging carboxylate ligands (R2-like structures).
		On the contrary, in the case of R2-like structures, the carboxylate ligand modeling Asp84 tends to be monodentate terminal (2) rather than chelating (4) to the Fe -center.
		The present result agrees well with experimental observations [6] showing that in the reduced form of R2, the terminal ligand Asp84 tends to be monodentately coordinated with the Fe -center.
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/453/morokuma.html (11877 words)

	Monodentate Phosphoramidites: A Breakthrough in Rhodium-Catalysed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins
		Monodentate Phosphoramidites: A Breakthrough in Rhodium-Catalysed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins
		Monodentate phosphoramidites based on BINOL or substituted BINOL are excellent ligands for the rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins.
		Very high enantioselectivities were obtained with MonoPhos (7a) the simplest member of this class, a ligand that is prepared in a single step from BINOL and HMPT.
	stratingh.eldoc.ub.rug.nl /root/FeringaBL/2003/AdvSynthCatalvdBerg (398 words)

	Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde Institutional Repository - Structural chemistry of monodentate ...
		Forbes, G.C. and Kennedy, A.R. and Mulvey, R.E. and Rodger, P.J.A. and Rowlings, R.B. Structural chemistry of monodentate donor-solvated mixed lithium-magnesium secondary amide complexes.
		The molecular structures of 1, 2 and 3 are essentially isostructural containing a central, planar LiNMgN four-membered ring: two amide units bridge to the metal centres whilst the third binds exclusively to magnesium in the terminal position to complete a three-coordinate distorted trigonal planar geometry.
		The lithium achieves a similar geometry with solvation from a single monodentate donor molecule.
	eprints.cdlr.strath.ac.uk /593 (312 words)

	Chapter 24, Section 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The ligands that we have discussed so far, such as NH and Cl, are called monodentate ligands (from the Latin meaning "one-toothed").
		These ligands possess a single donor atom and are able to occupy only one site in a coordination sphere.
		Chelating agents are often used to prevent one or more of the customary reactions of a metal ion without actually removing it from solution.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/blb/chapter24/medialib/blb2402.html (1383 words)

	Abstract
		For the bidentate ligands, a linear relationship between the Langmuir binding constant and the second acidity constant is demonstrated.
		Linear relationships are found between the ligand-promoted dissolution rate constants and both the Langmuir binding constants and the second acidity constants.
		In this manner, a connection is established between the macroscopic dissolution rate and the microscopic surface complexation structures.
	people.deas.harvard.edu /~smartin/abstract23.html (222 words)

	Cobalt Complexes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		These two open sites may be occupied by two monodentate groups such as chloride, or by a bidentate ligand such as carbonate or oxalate.
		The two monodentate groups are situated 180 degrees apart, and the complex possess a mirror plane of symmetry.
		When the two monodentate groups are nonequivalent or when an asymmetric bidentate ligand is used, then the number of possible isomers is increased to four.
	www.uncp.edu /home/mcclurem/cobalt/Cobalt.htm (2611 words)

	X-HCOO Complexes
		The metals we have studied present two different orientations when binding to the carboxylate anion, monodentate and bidentate, the former being much higher in energy.
		According to the NBO theory, the Al-O bond in this monodentate complex is a
		The binding energy of the monodentate binding is only 26 kcal/mol lower than the aluminum (III) bidentate binding mode; it has an energy of 684.41 kcal/mol.
	www.sc.ehu.es /powgep99/dcytp/teoricos/txema/tesia/node25.html (1672 words)

	4.The formation of complexes
		Chelate complexes are more stable than complexes with the corresponding monodentate ligands.
		In general five-membered (or six-membered) chelate rings are the most stable ones.
		This shows that the equilibrium of the reaction "chelate ligand replaces corresponding monodentate ligands" is on the side of the chelate complex.
	chimge.unil.ch /En/complexes/1cpx22.htm (185 words)

	METAL COORDINATION GROUPS IN PROTEINS - Metal Donor Target Distances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		They are for monodentate carboxylates; for bidentate carboxylates it is a good approximation to increase the monodentate values by 0.11 Å.
		Note, too, that for Zn a range of intermediate states between mono- and bidentate carboxylate is possible (see Acta Cryst.
		The target distance for Mg - monodentate carboxylate derived from the CSD was 2.11 Å, based on 15 observations; this was revised upwards, to give a better fit with 28 observations in the PDB, but these PDB observations are likely to be less accurate.
	tanna.bch.ed.ac.uk /targets.html (338 words)

	The Actinide Research Quarterly: Fall 1995
		The positions of these peaks indicate that the nitrate ligands are bound bidentate as shown in Figure 2b.
		If the nitrates were monodentate, then the positions of the peaks would have been different.
		The intensities of the outer two peaks are proportional to the number of nitrates bound to the plutonium.
	www.lanl.gov /source/orgs/nmt/nmtdo/AQarchive/95fall/collaborators.html (1089 words)

	Monodentate phosphoramidites; versatile ligands in catalytic asymmetric intramolecular Heck reactions
		Monodentate phosphoramidites; versatile ligands in catalytic asymmetric intramolecular Heck reactions
		High enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee) are reached with monodentate ligands.
		The highest selectivity is observed with Taddol-based phosphoramidites containing a small amine substituent.
	stratingh.eldoc.ub.rug.nl /root/MinnaardAJ/2003/DaltonTransImbos (124 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		A novel catecholato complex, Nb{sup v}(tpp)(cat)(Hcat), where cat and Hcat are two distinct catechol ligands (a bidentate catecholate dianion and a monodentate catecholate monoanion, respectively) and tpp is 5, 10, 15, 20-tetaphenylporphyrin dianion, has been isolated in the reaction of Nb{sup v} (tpp)(O)(AcO) with catechol, where AcO is an acetatoligand.
		The structure of the complex in solution and the mechanism of the Nb=O cleavage were investigated by means of{sup 1}H-NMR spectroscopy.
		The bidentate catechol is oriented in C{sub s} symmetry with respect to the porphyrin plane, and the monodentate catechol is located perpendicularly to both the bidentate catechol and the porphyrin plane.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=210102 (396 words)

	An Ab initio Computational study of Monodentate Palladium ligand Complexes with Möbius-Aromatic Chiral Character
		We conclude that these carbene and silylene ligands are of an unusual class where their geometry (and hence chirality) is induced by an aromatising trend as a consequence of their partial 8 p electron Möbius aromaticity
		and which we suggest could form the basis for engineering potentially chiral monodentate metal coordination.
		We estimate the barrier to be > 30 kcal/mol on the basis of constraining the ring atoms to co-planarity.
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /rzepa/mobius-metal (1184 words)

	Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
		A number of examples of these types have been isolated and characterised and they show very different chemical and biological properties.
		here a, and b, represent monodentate ligands and AA is a bidentate ligand.
		In the second example, new labels are introduced to reflect the relative positions of the ligands around the octahedral structure.
	wwwchem.uwimona.edu.jm:1104 /courses/IC10Kiso.html (1242 words)

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