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Topic: Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force

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	Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		2 Objections to the monopoly on the use of force
		Objections to the monopoly on the use of force
		Thus, examples of the use and abuse of the monopoly on physical force are common in anarchist discussion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Monopoly_on_the_legitimate_use_of_physical_force (1043 words)

	Force (law) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Forced entry is an expression falling under the category of unlawful violence; in force or forced sale would be examples of expressions in the category of lawful compulsion.
		When something is said to have been done "by force," it usually implies that it was done by actual or threatened violence ("might"), not necessarily by legal authority ("right").
		"Force of arms" is a special case that can be an example of unlawful violence or lawful compulsion dependent on who is exercizing the violence (or threat thereof) and their legal right and/or responsibility to do so.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Force_(law) (193 words)

	Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force is a political concept formalized by the sociologist Max Weber, in his 1918 speech Politik als Beruf (Politics as a Vocation).
		The philosopher Thomas Hobbes strongly supported the state monopoly on force as he believes that in the state of nature humans are essentially maleavolent and only the threat and use of force by the state maintains an orderly society.
		Anarchists often argue that since the state's authority relies on its monopoly on violence, the state is therefore essentially violent in all its use of authority.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Monopoly_on_the_legitimate_use_of_physical_force.html (1020 words)

	Everything about State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Under capitalism, on the other hand, the use of force is centralized in a specialized organization which protects the capitalists' class monopoly of ownership of the means of production, allowing the exploitation of those without such ownership.
		Legitimate power, the power of the policeman or the referee, is the power given to an individual by a recognized authority to enforce standards of behavior.
		One approach is to define government as the decision-making arm of the state, and define the latter on the basis of the control it has over violence and the use of force within its territory.
	state.en.wikimiki.org (13748 words)

	Max Weber's definition of the modern state (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Of course, force is certainly not the normal or the only means of the state - nobody says that - but force is a means specific to the state.
		Today, however, we have to say that a state is a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.
		Specifically, at the present time, the right to use physical force is ascribed to other institutions or to individuals only to the extent to which the state permits it.
	www.baidoa.com /ms.html (552 words)

	Anarchism and Marxism - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Modern political scientists define the "state" as a centralized, hierarchical, governing institution which maintains a "monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force", in keeping with the definition originally proposed by the German sociologist Max Weber in his 1918 essay Politics as a Vocation.
		Within this definition the idea of a "dictatorship of the proletariat" can mean anything from the monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force by armed working people's councils, to a monopoly of force by a party composed of intellectuals claiming to be the leadership of the working people.
		This Marxist desire is often referred to as "seizing state power." These arguments are often seen as critical, because they involved the autonomy of workers councils, the existence of secret police, the legitimacy of terrorism and state terrorism as revolutionary tactics, and the transparency of justice.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Anarchism_and_Marxism (1483 words)

	Definitions of the State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The state is that institution which enjoys ìthe monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territoryî (Max Weber)
		In physics and chemistry, the 'state' of an object is said to encompasses all of the (usually static) properties of the object plus the current (usually dynamic) situation.
		This is generally a territory built by conquest in which one culture, one set of ideas and one set of laws have been imposed by force or threat over diverse nations by a civilian and/or military bureaucracy.
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /conversi/state (258 words)

	Extracts from Max Weber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The ideal types of social action which for instance are used in economic theory are thus `unrealistic' or abstract in that they always ask what course of action would take place if it were purely rational and orientated to economic ends alone.
		This legality may be treated as legitimate in either of two ways: on the one hand, it may derive from a voluntary agreement of the interested parties on the relevant terms.
		At the same time, it is very common for minorities by force or by the use of more far-sighted methods, to impose an order which in the course of time comes to be regarded as legitimate by those who originally resisted it.
	www.mdx.ac.uk /www/study/xweb.htm (3899 words)

	The State as an Unavoidable Evil \| Freedom Democrats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		According to Max Weber the state is "a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory." Let's break this down bit by bit.
		that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force.
		With the monopoly on the use of force, the state is empowered to take on actions that the citizens in the state are unable to do themselves.
	freedomdemocrats.org /node/542 (1327 words)

	Untitled Document
		In fact, the State has been defined (by Max Weber) as that institution in a society that has the monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force, and the police are the delegated arm of authorized violence.
		Of course they have their guns out: they are an occupying force imposing the will of a foreign power on the Iraqi people many of whom are opposed to the US occupation.
		The fact that police forces patrol American inner cities with guns at the ready suggests a parallel relationship: The police undesrstand, if only implicitly, that they enforce a kind of foreign rule, the rule of the well-to-do over the poor, the rule of economic and social elites over the underclass.
	www.lclark.edu /~clayton/commentaries/enforcing.html (1022 words)

	Anthony de Jasay, The State, Chapter 2.1: Library of Economics and Liberty
		The use of physical force by the state is legitimate for no more fundamental and logically prior reason than that it has successfully claimed a monopoly of it and has thus become a proper state.
		The use of force by others is illegitimate by definition (except of course under delegation by the state).
		A case study of how Aztec Mexico, Inca Peru and nineteenth-century Buganda attempted to legitimize their respective states in the face of a hostile and heterogeneous mass of subjects, concludes that "socialization involving benevolence and terror" were the principal ingredients of policy employed.
	www.econlib.org /LIBRARY/LFBooks/Jasay/jsyStt8.html (4027 words)

	Blog 702: Abu Ghraib
		It may be, as some apologists for these crimes are already suggesting, that by way of inflicting pure physical agony, these novices did not remotely rival the sadism displayed by Saddam Hussein and his henchmen.
		But the sheer ingenuity that some Americans have now shown, in gleefully stripping away every shred of their victims’ humanity and dignity, connotes an enthusiasm for the project that can only be regarded as intolerable and depraved.
		And it is legitimately the source of deep anger, that anyone should have been so monumentally stupid as to offer this signal inspiration for further acts of terror against America and its allies.
	www.daubertontheweb.com /2004/05/abu-ghraib.html (725 words)

	In Defense of Rational Anarchism
		Although it is sometime useful to distinguish between the meanings of "State" and "government," such distinctions are irrelevant to the present discussion, so I shall use the terms interchangeably.
		A government initiates physical force (or the threat of force) to prohibit other people from exercising their right to enforce the rules of justice.
		The pertinent issue, therefore, is not whether we need a coercive monopoly to enforce justice; but whether we can determine the justice of legal system by objective methods, and whether, having objectively condemned a given system as unjust, we can then forcibly resist any individual or agency which seeks to impose that system.
	folk.uio.no /thomas/po/rational-anarchism.html (4738 words)

	au_hss_holmes_soc_1\|Additional Case Studies\|Gulf War Two -- A sociological view
		As Weber once specified, one of the core features of a state is that it has 'a monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory' (Weber in Gerth and Mills: 78).
		The need for a state to keep a standing army and to protect itself against aggressors is often justified in these terms.
		Certainly the legitimate/illegitimate actions of the Anglo-American forces have 'pre-empted' an answer to such a question, where imaginary and hypothetical relationships have become real ones, particularly for the victims of war.
	wps.prenhall.com /au_hss_holmes_soc_1/0,6870,662216-,00.html (406 words)

	Nation Building : Page nation
		A state is 'a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory'.
		Given these facts, the first thing the international community should realise about the nation-building exercises it is undertaking in various parts of the world is that it is an impossible task.
		Anyone can create an army or a police force, but to convince people of different ethnic groups that they live in the same society and have common interests is much more difficult to pull off.
	www.pagenation.com /533029.page (391 words)

	Britain: Jack Straw and "The Invention of Peace"
		Locke, Jefferson, and Paine were entirely opposed to the concept of the state as a mere monopoly of force.
		While it is true that ultimately every state in class society defends the interests of the ruling class by force, no state has ever survived if this is the only way it can maintain its hold over the population as a whole.
		But Straw either does not know, or does not care, that an open acknowledgement that the state is based on physical force undermines the work of generations to convince the British, against all the evidence, that their island is the home of liberty.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2001/nov2001/stra-n17_prn.shtml (2516 words)

	Editorial-Baidoa.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In hindsight, the reverse would have been more sensible, i.e., the bottom up-approach of using stable parts of the country as a starting point to gain momentum and the necessary strength before haphazardly rushing to Mogadishu (the honey trap).
		Since Mogadishu is the most populous city in the county, awash with vast amounts of weaponry neutralizing its armed militias without a formidable and overpowering neutralizing force (Federal Force) was (still is) a deeply flawed idea.
		("to successfully) claim the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory".
	www.baidoa.com /ed071104.html (1082 words)

	Development and Cooperation
		The “monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force”, as Max Weber defined the state, has been broken for decades in Colombia.
		With no hint of pathos, Mieyela expresses her conviction that “education and training are the gateway to freedom for our remote and abandoned community”.
		She is living proof that there are still forces in Colombian civil society capable of opposing violence.
	www.inwent.org /E+Z/content/archive-eng/03-2006/inw_art1.html (1250 words)

	Politics as a Vocation \| Nick Lewis: The Blog
		A state is defined by the specific means peculiar to it, the use of physical force.
		The state is a relation of men dominating men by means of legitimate violence (you already know the three ways it can get legitimated, so I’m not telling you).
		In many cases, the attainment of good ends is bound up with the price of using morally dubious or dangerous means, and must face the possibility of evil ramifications.
	www.nicklewis.org /great-writings/politics-as-a-vocation (1138 words)

	The Absurd Report » Taxes, Death and Certainty SARTRE-From Batr News
		When sociologist Max Weber in his 1918 speech Politik als Beruf (Politics as a Vocation), coined the famous concept “monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force” he could not imagine just how efficient modern governments have perfected the practice of intimidation.
		Applied to the internal underbelly of the government structure, the science of knowing the mysteries of the universe are in reach, while the ignorance of understanding the nature of the morphologic government beast is virtually non-existent.
		All that changes is the intensity of the vigor used to extract the last pound of flesh from your bone.
	www.theabsurdreport.com /?p=1604 (1179 words)

	Swans Commentary - Special Iraq: "Follow The Leader," by Michael Parenti
		The distinct characteristic of the state, said German sociologist Max Weber, is that it alone claims a "monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory." From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (New York: Oxford University Press, 1958), 78.
		In the latter instance, actions are directed not just at the criminal element but sometimes even more determinedly at dissenters and others who challenge the existing distribution of privilege, wealth, and institutional authority.
		Yet again and again US forces are committed to armed actions by presidential order, without a declaration of war.
	www.swans.com /library/art10/iraq/parenti.html (2049 words)

	Backsliding in Moscow by John B. Dunlop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Max Weber long ago defined the state as “a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.” In this sense, and perhaps in this sense alone, Putin could be said to have been a successful state-builder.
		Sixty-seven percent (that is, two-thirds) contended that, in rendering their decisions, “judges in general are not ruled by the law, and they pass unjust sentences.” Forty percent cited personal greed as the chief motivation behind the judges’ sentences.
		The deep suspicion and even contempt of the Russian citizenry for their police force are well known.
	www.hooverdigest.org /051/dunlop.html (1166 words)

	Great Writings \| Nick Lewis: The Blog
		Somewhere or other Byron makes use of the French word longeur, and remarks in passing that though in England we happen not to have the word, we have the thing in considerable profusion.
		In the same way, there is a habit of mind which is now so widespread that it affects our thinking on nearly every subject, but which has not yet been given a name.
		Both words are normally used in so vague a way that any definition is liable to be challenged, but one must draw a distinction between them, since two different and even opposing ideas are involved.
	www.nicklewis.org /anthology/great-writings?page=1 (3149 words)

	Everything about List Of Countries By Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Following an assault by Japanese forces, the British General Arthur Percival surrenders.
		About 80,000 Indian, United Kingdom and Australian soldiers become prisoners of war, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history.
		2005 is the World Year of Physics, the Year of the Rooster in the Chinese calendar, and the International Year of the Eucharist in Catholicism.
	list.of.countries.by.area.en.wikimiki.org (9650 words)

	Taxes, Death and Certainty
		(Politics as a Vocation), coined the famous concept “monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force” he could not imagine just how efficient modern governments have perfected the practice of intimidation.
		The certainty of the country’s demise is as probable as being held up at gun point from the IRS.
		is a means to provide the functional accounting that pays off the co-conspirators that unleash the energy force of darkness on a country of blinded serfs.
	www.batr.org /wrack/032006.html (1136 words)

	propsanddefs.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		...a state is a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical
		No living being can be happy or even exist unless his needs are sufficiently proportioned to his means.
		This problem--the experience of the irrationality of the world--has been the driving force of all religious evolution...
	people.uncw.edu /kozloffm/propsanddefs.html (845 words)

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