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	USCCB - (MRS) - The Montagnards
		The Montagnards are divided between two language families, the Mon-Khmer (now spoken as minority langauges from Burma to North Vietnam, and as the majority language of Cambodia), and the Chamic division of the Malayo-Polynesian family.
		The Montagnards remained aloof from the Chinese great tradition that molded the society of the Vietnamese, and also from the Indian influences diffusing eastward that brought civilization to the Cambodians and the Lao.
		This prompted the North Vietnamese to attack a Montagnard village, and the South Vietnamese airforce to destroy the Rhade' villages.
	www.usccb.org /mrs/pcmr/ethnicities/montagnards.shtml (1551 words)

	Montagnards in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
		Montagnard repression has been especially brutal since the U.S. government granted asylum to a group of more than 800 Montagnard refugees earlier this spring, according to Kay Reibold, director of the Vietnam Highlands Assistance Project for Lutheran Family Services in the Carolinas, whose organization has given shelter and assistance to many of those refugees.
		Communist Montagnards and Vietnamese cadre from North Vietnam were sent into the highlands to live in villages, where they successfully exploited Montagnard prejudices and their hopes for independence.
		Six Montagnards, including a member of FULRO, were elected to the National Assembly; President Nguyen Van Thieu signed a special law which recognized the Montagnards' right to own their land; and the GVN established the Ministry for Ethnic Minorities with Paul Nur installed as a regular member of the Cabinet.
	www.landscaper.net /montag.htm (4003 words)

	Resettlement of Montagnards 'working well' - Boston.com
		Some of the Montagnards told her that they had crossed into Cambodia primarily for economic reasons; others had concerns about land ownership and restrictions on religious practices.
		Montagnards are mainly Christians, while the majority of Vietnamese are Buddhists.
		Early in 2004, about 10,000 Montagnards held mass demonstrations to protest government land encroachment and crackdowns against their Protestant church groups that meet in homes and are illegal in Vietnam.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2006/04/28/resettlement_of_montagnards_working_well (372 words)

	Creeping Genocide in Asia: Vietnam (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Montagnard Foundation has documented more than 1,000 cases of Montagnard women who were sterilized by the Vietnamese authorities through force, coercion, bribery, threats of fines or imprisonment.
		Montagnard women continue to recount that during 1996-2001 Vietnamese authorities entered their villages daily to round up women of childbearing age and forced, bribed and threatened them to undergo surgical sterilization.
		The lies and denials by Vietnam's official spokespeople on the Montagnard situation is criminal, as is Massachusetts Democratic Sen. John Kerry's refusal to permit the "Vietnam Human Rights Act" from being voted on in the U.S. Senate.
	www.genocidewatch.org /vietnammontagnards.htm (1166 words)

	Asia Times Online :: Southeast Asia news and business from Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam
		Consistent with its mandate, the UNHCR rescreened the Montagnards for refugee status with the result that 443 were recognized as refugees while 143 did not meet the criteria, with those remaining having simply disappeared.
		While the fact that none of the Montagnards concerned were old enough to have fought in the war was beside the point to Rosenblatt, his background was not.
		With those Montagnards not recognized as refugees having been either deported to Vietnam or having voluntarily returned, and those recognized for resettlement in Western countries, the issue of the Montagnards in Cambodia would have been solved for all practical purposes, had it not bounced back in the form of a new form, namely the "Refusnik".
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/GI14Ae02.html (3133 words)

	Why Vietnam Persecutes the Montagnards
		When the United States intervened in Vietnam, the Montagnards were on their side, in the hope that their requests for the political, social and cultural autonomy of the whole native population would be recognized.
		On the eve of the 2004 Easter celebrations, the Montagnards organized a demonstration starting from their widespread villages, across municipalities and reaching provincial capitals in the central highlands of Vietnam, to come together and pray publicly before the buildings of the Vietnamese Communist Party.
		Despite the persecution and the exodus of priests and missionary pastors at the time the Communist regime was established, the Montagnards have kept the faith.
	www.montagnard-foundation.org /news-04-0621.htm (864 words)

	USIS Washington File: TEXT: TAFT TESTIMONY ON MONTAGNARDS IN VIETNAM
		The Montagnards are ethnic minorities from the Central Highlands of Vietnam.
		These Montagnards were resettled in North Carolina because of the intense interest of North Carolina communities, led by Vietnam veterans in the area, in resettling the Montagnards.
		While it is possible that some Montagnard refugee and immigrant visa applicants fail to appear for their scheduled interviews due to poor communications and transportation between the Central Highlands and Ho Chi Minh City, we doubt that this is the primary reason.
	canberra.usembassy.gov /hyper/1998/WF980310/epf206.htm (1422 words)

	Blank Secondary Page
		What little I have learned about the Montagnards since leaving Vietnam, is that their way of life is all but gone.
		The montagnards liked to use a river valley to ease irrigation problems, and in the bottom they would grow the rice.
		The Montagnards could make a good living from the jungle, although they very seldom lived right in it, preferring clearer areas for their crops.
	www.bravecannons.org /montagnards.html (768 words)

	Forum: Remember the Montagnards - Commentary - The Washington Times, America's Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Montagnard leaders and pastors were all executed or imprisoned, whereupon the communists unleashed a sophisticated form of revenge against the Montagnards that reads like a blueprint for genocide.
		It is no wonder the Montagnards experienced a revival in Christianity among their population, a revival not unnoticed by the authorities.
		Having taken the Montagnards' ancestral lands and identity, the communists then took all that was left, their religion, called "Plan 184." That involved repression of Christianity with a vengeance, including forcing Montagnards to renounce their faith in official ceremonies, under threat of imprisonment and torture.
	washingtontimes.com /commentary/20061111-111006-9215r.htm (814 words)

	United Montagnard Christian Church (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The displaced hill people of Vietnam are known in North Carolina as “Montagnards”, a French word meaning “mountaineers” as they call themselves, were the indigenous inhabitants of the Indo-Chinese peninsula.
		Montagnard soldiers served as bodyguards and front line officers for the Americans during the Vietnam War.
		The communist South Vietnamese government forced the Montagnard out of the Central Highlands and further into the mountains on to land that could not be farmed.
	www.montagnarducc.org /montagnards1.htm (347 words)

	FWB, July 1994
		The separate Montagnard state was abolished, traditional lands were usurped by ethnic Vietnamese, and indigenous languages were replaced by Vietnamese in the schools.
		At its heart, however, since swidden agricultural is the mainstay of Montagnard self-sufficiency, DCDC encompasses parallel strategies for both territorial and cultural assimilation of the Montagnards into Vietnamese society.
		Montagnard villages, once widely dispersed throughout the plateau and upland forests, are now much more concentrated along secondary roads.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /fwc/Issue8/montagnards-2.html (1152 words)

	UVSA - Vietnam: Violence against Montagnards During Easter Week Protests (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Montagnards living near Buon Emap in Cu Mgar district, Dak Lak province reported that all of the men in Emap village disappeared the night of April 10.
		Montagnards who make it across the border to Cambodia, but who are then detained, are promptly deported to Vietnam, where many are beaten, detained, or sentenced to lengthy prison terms.
		During the last year, thirty-three Montagnards were tried and sentenced to prison for their religious or political beliefs or for trying to flee to Cambodia, bringing the total number of Montagnards imprisoned during the last three years to 124.
	www.thsv.org /news_details.aspx?newsID=447 (3126 words)

	Cambodian Information Cneter >> Editorials - Articles About Cambodia: The Montagnards' dilemma
		The Montagnards and their sympathisers, aware of the international reluctance to be directly involved, are seeking ways to internationalise the problem which they continue to insist is getting worse.
		To this end the Montagnards have in recent months become more vocal and more determined to capture the attention of the media which they see presently as the best means of persuading the international community to become involved.
		In this test of wills, it is the Montagnard refugees who are at a disadvantage - they have no resources and limited support, they need funds to be fed and lodged and, worse, they can be repatriated as illegal immigrants as most, if not all, walked in through the border.
	www.cambodia.org /blogs/editorials/2005/02/montagnards-dilemma.html (1358 words)

	Montagnards
		It is known that the Orphéonistes sang in St-Hyacinthe in September 1866.
		The soprano C. Leblanc, the tenor Édouard LeBel, and the deep bass Hormisdas Saint-Cyr were soloists with the Montagnards on several occasions.
		The name of the Montagnards was adopted also by various choral groups in small localities (eg, in L'Assomption, Que, in 1866).
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0002418 (394 words)

	RFA: Montagnards: The Invisible People
		Many of the Montagnards said they fled Vietnam's Gia Lai Province after tens of thousands of them staged a demonstration in April 2004, demanding religious freedom, independence, and the return of their ancestral lands.
		The Montagnards – often called “America's forgotten allies” because they sided with the United States during the Vietnam War – differ from other Vietnamese in their ethnic background and religious faith.
		Forty-four Vietnamese Montagnards leave the jungle to seek help from U.N. refugee officials, but up to five times that number are believed to be hiding.
	www.rfa.org /english/news/in_depth/2004/07/30/montagnards (606 words)

	The Montagnards in Vietnam
		Nay Thit is a Montagnard, an ethnic minority comprising mostly Christian hill tribes in the country's Central Highlands.
		The conflict between the Vietnamese and the Montagnards is rooted in resentment over the war, land ownership rights and religious repression.
		Animism is the traditional religion of the Montagnards, but many are part of Roman Catholic or Protestant churches established by missionaries (French Catholics during the 1850s and Americans in the 1950s).
	homepage.mac.com /alanrappeport/press/Personal38.html (713 words)

	Refugees International: Articles: Vietnam: Montagnard Problem in Cambodia Needs a Political Solution
		Montagnard hill tribes in Vietnam have long encountered discrimination from Hanoi. Many of them helped the U.S. during the Vietnam war. They are Christians in a communist country. Their native lands have been targets of Vietnamese development plans to increase the production of coffee and other crops.
		So far, Cambodia has said that it won't allow the Montagnards to stay. As a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention, Cambodia is obligated not to force refugees back to the countries they fled to escape persecution. That is why the U.S. resettlement of Montagnards has been such an important safety valve.
		However, the Montagnards at Site 2, all from the Jarai tribe, deny that they are getting instructions from the U.S. Wherever they get their information, the idea that the UNHCR can help them get their land back in Vietnam is incorrect and unhelpful.
	www.refugeesinternational.org /content/article/detail/4481 (623 words)

	Hunting Montagnards In Cambodia
		They still hunt Montagnards here in the eastern province of Mondulkiri, Cambodia, like the Native American Indians were hunted down in the Old West in the United States.
		No Montagnard can leave a village without a pass, their leaders are confined to house arrest, and many are in prison that refuse to denounce their protestant religion.
		The US Consulate staff in Vietnam has adapted the UNHCR's view of the Montagnards' plight in the Central Highlands in that the Montagnards themselves are the cause for most of their difficulties and that there are no human rights abuses there.
	www.opednews.com /articles/opedne_the_co_v_070222_hunting_montagnards_.htm (1422 words)

	Montagnard Asylum-Seekers
		By 1964, a group of Montagnard separatists joined with the Chams and Khmer Krom to form FULRO a French acronym for the United Front for the Liberation of oppressed Races.
		In February 2001, thousands of Montagnards, urged on by Kok Ksor, former FULRO member and president of the Montagnard Foundation Inc, peacefully demonstrated for land rights and religious freedom in the Central Highlands.
		Like in 2001, thousands of Montagnards demonstrated in the Central Highlands, Vietnamese authorities responded with force and now hundreds of ethnic minorities are believed to be hiding along the border of Cambodia and Vietnam.
	www.camnet.com.kh /cambodia.daily/montagnards/July-17-04.htm (959 words)

	Tea & Coffee 06/03 - Vietnamese Coffee and the Plight of the Montagnards
		The indigenous Montagnards, whose ancestors farmed the fertile highlands for centuries, have been reduced to starving on inadequate plots of land and working for slave wages on large coffee farms owned by the government or Vietnamese immigrants.
		In February 2001, Montagnard frustration came to a boil with peaceful protests throughout the Central Highlands, demanding a return of their land, freedom to practice their religion, no more coerced sterilizations, and equal opportunity for education and employment.
		One Montagnard told Human Rights Watch how the local authorities had confiscated and bulldozed his one-hectare plot in May 2001 in order to build a school on it, though he believes it was because he was a religious youth group leader.
	www.teaandcoffee.net /0603/special.htm (3261 words)

	newsobserver.com \| Montagnards' rights belong at the summit
		The Montagnards lost over 85 percent of their villages during the war, and close to 100,000 highlanders perished.
		The Montagnards lost their beloved Central Highlands during the war years, and many of their kinfolk died who had only wanted to be left alone to govern themselves in peace on their ancestral lands.
		Vietnam complained about humanitarian aid focused on Montagnards as soon as it was announced in the Congressional Record last year -- a revealing commentary on how the government views its indigenous people and their rights for survival.
	www.newsobserver.com /559/story/512805.html (786 words)

	VIETNAM Repression of Montagnards continues - Asia News
		Cambodian authorities have responded repatriating Montagnards in violation to United Nations Conventions on political refugees.
		Also in early April, two other Montagnards in Dak Nong province were sentenced to five and two years "for threatening national unity": under Vietnamese law leaving the country illegally is considered a threat to national unity.
		Repression by Vietnamese authorities stems from allegations that the Montagnards are 'secessionist".
	www.asianews.it /view.php?l=en&art=3073 (752 words)

	DEGAR MONTAGNARD » “REMEMBER THE MONTAGNARDS” CAMPAIGN » Blog Archive (Site not responding. Last check: )
		During the Vietnam War the indigenous Montagnard Degar Peoples were loyal allies to the United States and it is estimated that at any one time over 40,000 Montagnards served with their American brothers during that conflict.
		The Montagnard Foundation notes however, that in 2006 much of the Montagnard population is subject to strict military and police harassment where Montagnard villages are subject to human rights abuses where many individuals have even disappeared after arrest.
		The Montagnard Foundation concludes that the last 30 years of persecution and the recent escalation of repression by the communist government of Vietnam is resulting in the cultural and physical destruction of one of the oldest indigenous races of peoples in Asia.
	montagnard-foundation.org /blog/?p=4 (892 words)

	[No title]
		In April 2004, thousands of Montagnards in three central provinces demanded the return of their lands, and the right to worship freely.
		Ministries report that hundreds of thousands of Montagnards have turned to Christ in the past 15 years, and the communist government sees them as a threat.
		Montagnard churches, and the homes of Christians have been destroyed; any kind of Christian worship is forbidden.
	www.cbn.com /cbnnews/CWN/032505vietnam.asp (462 words)

	TheHistoryNet Discussion Forums: Did America's post-Vietnam policy shamelessly betrayed the Montagnards? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Montagnards became America's staunchest allies during the Vietnam War, but in the process almost 50 percent of their adult male population was killed, and more than 80 percent of their villages destroyed.
		Since the end of the war, the Vietnamese population has nearly tripled, but the Montagnards, still suffering from retribution and persecution, have seen their population cut in half again.
		Yes, America's politicians shamelessly abandoned the "Montagnards" (sic), an honest, trustworthy hard-working people who gave their support and lives for the U.S.; I revisited VN five years ago- unfortunately, the Dega are still being treated like "savages" (a rascist term they never deserved), their homelands have been plundered, and their culture devastated.
	historynet.zeroforum.com /zerothread?id=135 (1297 words)

	Degar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Degar (referred to by French colonists as Montagnard) are the indigenous peoples of the Central Highlands of Vietnam.
		The term Montagnard means "mountain people" in French and is a carryover from the French colonial period in Vietnam.
		Montagnard is the term, typically shortened to "Yard", used by U.S. military personnel in the Central Highlands during the Vietnam War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Degar (904 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Christians persecuted in Vietnam
		Government officials in Cu Se district of Gia Lai province summoned Montagnards from many villages for all-day meetings at district headquarters, where they were warned not to follow Dega Christianity, and in some cases forced to sign pledges promising to abandon religion and politics.
		In late March, police in Dak Lak province arrested a Montagnard pastor who is a member of the ECVN and six relatives of another Montagnard pastor affiliated with the ECVN.
		In early April, a Montagnard from Cu Se district of Gia Lai was arrested and detained at the district police station.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=44266 (1260 words)

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