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	Montgomery Ward - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Montgomery Ward (later known as Wards) was an American department store chain, founded as the world's first mail order business in 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward.
		Montgomery Ward is also the name of a new Internet- and catalog-based retailer that was established in late 2004.
		Ward himself became widely popular among residents of Chicago, championing the causes of the common folk over the wealthy, most notably in his successful fight to establish parkland along Lake Michigan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Montgomery_Ward (1361 words)

	Aaron Montgomery Ward - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ward, a young traveling salesman of dry goods, was concerned over the plight of many rural midwest Americans who he thought were overcharged and underserved by many of the smalltown retailers on whom they had to rely for their general merchandise.
		Montgomery Ward died in 1913, at the age of 69.
		The Montgomery Ward catalog's place in history was assured when the Grolier Club, a society of bibliophiles in New York, exhibited it in 1946 alongside Webster's dictionary as one of the hundred books with the most influence on life and culture of the American people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aaron_Montgomery_Ward (907 words)

	Aaron Montgomery Ward (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Montgomery Ward and Company was a success, and they continue to operate store in Chicago and beyond to this day.
		Ward began a movement to clean up the lakefront, and fought for years in the courts.
		Ward and his family occupy a private room in the eastern part of the mausoleum, protected by an ornate bronze gate.
	www.graveyards.com /IL/Cook/rosehill/ward.html (228 words)

	John Montgomery Ward \| BaseballLibrary.com
		Ward, assisted by Ned Hanlon, organized the Brotherhood of National League Players and they succeeded in negotiating a compromise with the league: The reserve clause could not be used to bind a player while his salary was being cut.
		Ward's legal practice in New York City flourished and he almost became the president of the National League, lacking one vote for confirmation.
		Keefe and Ward were teammates and brothers-in-law, with Ward married to the famous actress Helen Dauvrey and Keefe married to her sister Clara Gibson.
	www.baseballlibrary.com /baseballlibrary/ballplayers/W/Ward_John_Montgomery.stm (1164 words)

	Business Library, The University of Western Ontario
		Ward was the first to introduce the "Satisfaction Guaranteed or Your Money Back" policy in the Montgomery Ward 1875 catalog with his innovative promise to refund the purchase price to any customers dissatisfied with their purchases.
		Aaron Montgomery Ward was born on February 17, 1844, in Chatham, New Jersey, to a family whose forebears had served as officers in the French and Indian Wars as well as in the American Revolution.
		The Montgomery Ward catalog's place in history was assured when the Grolier Club, a society of bibliophiles in New York, exhibited it in 1946 alongside Webster's Dictionary as one of 100 American books chosen for their influence on life and culture of the people.
	www.lib.uwo.ca /business/wards-ourpage.html (4631 words)

	Clipperhistory
		Montgomery Ward and Company of Chicago, at one time the largest mail order firm in the US, for half a century distributed water pumping windmills.
		Montgomery Ward, the founder of Montgomery Ward and Company, was born at Chatham, New Jersey, in 1844.
		The wooden mill was known merely as "The Montgomery Ward and Co. Wind Mill," while the metal pattern was called "Montgomery Ward and Co.'s All Steel Mill." The wooden mill bore on its vane sheet a handsomely painted flying dove with a garland of leaves.
	www.spearman.org /Clipperhistory.html (1181 words)

	Montgomery Ward drops out of crowded retail field
		CHICAGO - Montgomery Ward's decision to shut its doors may have been a gloomy way to ring in the New Year, but retail analysts and owners alike say the news isn't necessarily bad for the industry.
		Montgomery Ward's demise was no surprise to Bernard Sosnick, a retail analyst with New York-based Fahnestock & Co. Given the company's poor performance and the ever-growing list of competitors, the downfall was inevitable, he says.
		Although the Montgomery Ward bankruptcy spells the end for another retail icon, the long-range outlook for the industry is by no means bleak, he adds.
	nreionline.com /mag/real_estate_montgomery_ward_drops/index.html (1332 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Montgomery Ward
		Montgomery Ward (popularly known as Wards) was an American department store chain, founded as the world's first mail order business in 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward.
		In 1900, Wards had total sales of $8.7 million, compared to $10 million for Sears & Roebuck, and the two companies were struggle for dominance for much of the 20th century.
		Ward's management was respected till the end, as a little known fact that Roger Goddu, Ward's CEO, was offered the CEO position of JC Penney.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Montgomery_Ward (1248 words)

	The End of Montgomery Ward by Thomas Sowell -- Capitalism Magazine
		Although most people today think of Montgomery Ward as a chain of department stores, the company was one of the dominant retailers in the country for more than half a century before it opened its first store.
		Montgomery Ward was the largest retailer in the world in the 19th century, but that was destined to change because of a young railroad agent who sold watches on the side.
		When an executive at Montgomery Ward suggested to the head man that they start opening stores to supplement their mail-order business, he was fired for his trouble.
	www.capmag.com /article.asp?ID=864 (852 words)

	Montgomery Ward seeks protection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Montgomery Ward on Monday received a $1 billion facility from GE Capital to help it pay for inventory during its bankruptcy reorganization.
		Montgomery Ward already had borrowed millions from GE Capital this year to stay afloat.
		Montgomery Ward had been seeking approval from banks and insurance companies of a package put together by GE Capital involving fresh funding and waivers on $1.4 billion in debt.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/business/97/07/08/wards.2-0.html (348 words)

	Educate Yourself - Montgomery Ward 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		But while Montgomery Ward was first into the catalog business, Sears had gained the edge prior to World War I. After the war, however, both companies suffered from the cutback in spending.
		Robert Wood was the #2 at Ward at the time and he saw the potential that the Model T had to transform American business.
		Montgomery Ward, on the other hand, had reduced its number of stores by about 60 and had now gone 14 years without opening a new one.
	www.buyandhold.com /bh/en/education/history/2001/montgomeryward2.html (1457 words)

	Discount Store News: Montgomery Ward buys Lechmere; continues growth through acquisition
		Ward is expected to learn their plans once the deal closes, a spokeswoman said.
		Ward expects to launch its electronic shopping programs later this year, while announcements involving other expansion moves like acquisitions, new store, formats and/or the addition of more captive brands is likely.
		Ward, which became a private company through a $3.8 billion leveraged buyout directed by Brennan in 1988, acquired Lechmere from a group that took the retailer private in an LBO in 1989.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3092/is_n4_v33/ai_14852440 (883 words)

	Direct Mail & The Internet: Then & Now (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ward had noted that farmers, during the 1800s, more often than not, bought on credit, and some didn't even pay (Hoge, 1988).
		Ward understood how the railroads worked and that they could provide an efficient, low-cost means of distribution goods to large numbers, over wide spaces.
		The way Ward saw it, mail order could sell the goods, and the railways near which the farmers lived, could deliver those goods to the farmers (Hoge, 1988).
	ciadvertising.org /SA/fall_02/adv391k/balongnecker/DM/ward.html (492 words)

	Aaron Montgomery Ward Biography / Biography of Aaron Montgomery Ward Biography
		Ward also inaugurated the policy of allowing purchasers to return, without cost, goods they considered unacceptable.
		Ward and his partner started their business with only a $2,400 stock of goods housed in a loft and displayed in a one-page catalog, but the enterprise was immediately successful.
		Ward fought back by sending displays throughout the Midwest and by trumpeting his conviction that mail order had saved farmers millions by forcing country stores to lower prices.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-aaron-montgomery-ward (509 words)

	CPL-Chicago: 1872 Montgomery Ward First Mail Order House
		Ward's early customers were primarily from rural America, lured by a large selection of items and a promise of "satisfaction guaranteed."
		In 1890 Aaron Montgomery Ward began a 20-year battle to create a lakefront park in Chicago and to preserve the land as open space.
		Wards had been bought and sold several times when it announced in December 2000 that the company was closing and its 37,000 employees would be terminated.
	www.chipublib.org /004chicago/timeline/mtgmryward.html (397 words)

	No. 1641: Aaron Montgomery Ward
		Ward's merged with other companies, and, in 1985, it discontinued its catalog.
		But I hold in my hand an 1895 Montgomery Ward catalog, and it is a glorious thing -- over six hundred pages -- tens of thousands of items, each illustrated by a woodcut.
		Ward's picked up where itinerant peddlers had left off.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi1641.htm (563 words)

	Chicago Travel Itinerary--Montgomery Ward Company Complex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Since 1909, the Montgomery Ward and Company Complex, situated along the North Branch of the Chicago River, has served as national headquarters for the country's oldest mail order firm.
		Its pyramidal roof is crowned with a 22.5 foot bronze statue that originally topped the former Montgomery Ward Building on Michigan Avenue.
		Montgomery Ward declared bankruptcy in 2001, and the future of the complex is uncertain.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/travel/chicago/c3.htm (236 words)

	Montgomery Ward to close doors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		CHICAGO — Montgomery Ward Inc., the department store chain that helped pioneer American retailing, Thursday said it is shutting down after 128 years in business and will file for bankruptcy.
		Employees at Montgomery Ward's headquarters in Chicago packed up belongings and consoled one another as the announcement was made public Thursday.
		Montgomery Ward in November opened 12 stores, including the one in Merrillville, Ind., most likely in anticipation of a strong holiday season.
	www.enquirer.com /editions/2000/12/29/fin_montgomery_ward_to.html (580 words)

	Sears vs. Montgomery Ward
		Ward was the first to offer a product guarantee which was the cornerstone to gaining the respect of rural consumers and increasing business.
		Although he was primarily known as a purveyor of watches and jewelry and therefore not a threat to Montgomery Ward, he very quickly expanded his product line in the early 1890s by buying manufacturers' surplus and distress items and then reselling to the public at a remarkably low profit margin.
		Ward's sales for 1900 were $8,7000,000, and the corporation would never beat Sears out for sales again.
	www.bgsu.edu /departments/acs/1890s/sears/sears3.html (721 words)

	Montgomery Ward & Co. -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Ward started the company in 1872 with $2,400 capital and the aim of buying large quantities of merchandise wholesale and then selling it directly to farmers in rural areas without the help of retail intermediaries.
		The capital of Alabama and seat of Montgomery County, Montgomery is known as the Cradle of the Confederacy.
		Scottish poet and journalist James Montgomery is best remembered for his hymns and versified renderings of the Psalms, which unite fervor and insight in simple verse.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9053547 (741 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: Holidays (Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer)
		(The Montgomery Ward stores had been buying and giving away coloring books for Christmas every year, and May's department head saw creating a giveaway booklet of their own as a way to save money.) May, who had a penchant for writing children's stories and limericks, was tapped to create the
		May, drawing in part on the tale of The Ugly Duckling and his own background (he was a often taunted as a child for being shy, small, and slight), settled on the idea of an underdog ostracized by the reindeer community because of his physical abnormality: a glowing red nose.
		Deeply in debt from the medical bills resulting from his wife's terminal illness (she died about the time May created Rudolph), May persuaded Montgomery Ward's corporate president, Sewell Avery, to turn the copyright over to him in January 1947.
	www.snopes.com /holidays/christmas/rudolph.asp (876 words)

	Wards' rightful return, Observer Online (February 17, 2005), Northwestern University
		Ward and a partner in 1872 established the world’s first mail-order business that was popular in rural pre-World War II America.
		Ward planned to give $3 million for the medical school building as a memorial to her husband.
		Ward later added $1 million to this gift to ensure that there would be enough funds to construct the building as planned.
	www.northwestern.edu /observer/issues/2005/02/17/ward.html?printable (413 words)

	Amazon.ca: Montgomery Ward Catalogue of 1895: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Historically, Montgomery Ward prided itself on being the friend of farmers and the official supplier to the Grange.
		Ward was the first to offer a product guarantee that became the key to earning the respect of rural consumers and building the business.
		However, in 1887 Ward's main competetior Sears put out his first catalog and upped the ante by showing the customer what they would be buying before they bought it (okay, he also offered lower prices).
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0486223779 (838 words)

	Montgomery Ward - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Montgomery Ward (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Montgomery, Bernard Law, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Al 'Alamayn
		Montgomery, Bernard Law, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Montgomery+Ward (109 words)

	Montgomery Ward Credit Complaints
		Montgomery Wards customer service showed the account to be 0.00 balance in March of 99.
		Montgomery Ward says that it is perfectly legal to have a spouse sign the others name for them and use there social security number without permission.
		I have also had a very bad experience with Wards and their Credit Dept. My husband and I have had a ruff year this year since we have had to put over $5,000 into auto repairs since last September, and $3600 of it was done in one month.
	home.pacbell.net /mpakkan/mw.html (9612 words)

	Aaron Montgomery Ward - Forbes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ward's business had social implications too, like catering to Southern fls who were shut out of whites-only stores and created a consumer culture in rural America.
		Ward was able to persuade his customers to take an enormous leap of faith: Fork over cash for products that they had only seen pictured in his catalog.
		Ward's trustworthiness allowed his product offerings to grow from 163 items to 10,000 in less than ten years.
	www.forbes.com /2004/03/12/cx_dd_mibp_0315wardpoll.html (410 words)

	Montgomery Ward
		While I have no intention to provide (nor source information to support) a full history of the relationship between the Montgomery Ward and Company and the Simplicity Manufacturing Company, it cannot be overlooked nor the importance minimized.
		In 1937, Montgomery Ward contacted Simplicity to see if they would and could produce two-wheel walking garden tractors for Ward to sell through their catalogs and retail stores.
		I'm not sure when the relationship with Montgomery Ward ended, but it appears to roughly coincide with the purchase of Simplicity by Allis Chalmers Manufacturing Company that was finalized in 1965.
	www.simpletractors.com /Main/wards_for_1962.htm (405 words)

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