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Topic: Morgenthau Plan

	Henry Morgenthau, Jr. - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Morgenthau was born to Jewish parents in New York City, the son of Henry Morgenthau Sr.
		In 1944 Morgenthau proposed the Morgenthau Plan for postwar Germany, calling for Germany to be dismembered, partitioned into separate independent states, stripped of all heavy industry and forced to return to an agrarian economy[1].
		Although the plan was tentatively approved by both Roosevelt and Churchill [2], it was abandoned due to strong opposition from the cabinet and negative public reaction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Henry_Morgenthau,_Jr. (789 words)

	Morgenthau Plan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Morgenthau was the only Cabinet member invited to participate in the second Quebec Conference during which the Plan was agreed to.
		The Morgenthau plan did face at least some mild level of opposition in Roosevelt's government, as evidenced by this excerpt of a note to the president from Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of War.
		Morgenthau told his staff that it was a big day for the Treasury, and that he hoped that someone doesn’t recognize it as the Morgenthau Plan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Morgenthau_Plan (4854 words)

	U.S. Treasury - Biography of Secretary Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
		In 1939, with Poland overtaken by Germany, Morgenthau established a procurement service in the Treasury Department to facilitate the purchase of American munitions by Britain and France, and he geared the American economy to meet the enormously expanded requirements that followed the attack on Pearl Harbor.
		Morgenthau's major effort was financing the war effort, and he achieved remarkable success with his program for the sale of defense bonds (later known as war bonds).
		In 1944, he proposed the Morgenthau plan, under which post-war Germany would be stripped of its industry and converted into an agricultural nation.
	www.ustreas.gov /education/history/secretaries/hmorgenthaujr.html (605 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Adenauer on the Morgenthau Plan and restitution to Jews
		It should be noted that the Morgenthau Plan was not a plan conceived by the the political mainstream in the United States, but rather of the leftist, heavily Jewish, coterie around Roosevelt which by the end of the war had seized policy-making power for itself from a Roosevelt who was already half-dead.
		The Morgenthau Plan, as drafted, seems innocuous enough; obviously, the bureaucrats in the US Treasury Department, unlike their less inhibited German equivalents, knew that they should not commit their "hidden agenda" to paper.
		Morgenthau's plan would have led to a Bolshevist Europe which is why it was soon dropped.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=6067 (4977 words)

	Crimes Of War Project > Magazine > Stay the Hand of Vengeance
		Morgenthau spent much of 1944 bombarding the White House with proposals for harsh treatment of Germany after the war–part and parcel of which was the summary execution of many Nazi war criminals.
		Morgenthau did make some concessions to legalism in the belief that the Nazis were criminals, and in the willingness to afford some kind of trial for lesser offenders.
		Morgenthau the so-called arch-criminals shall be put to death by the military without provision for any trial and upon mere identification after apprehension.
	www.crimesofwar.org /tribun-mag/garybass_print.html (7850 words)

	Background to Treason (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Morgenthau presented this policy -- which came to be known as the "Morgenthau Plan" -- at the 1944 Quebec Conference (September 11-16) between Roosevelt and Churchill.
		[Morgenthau] was not at all fully or accurately informed on a number of questions of foreign policy with which he undertook to interfere, we found from his earliest days in the Government that he seldom lost an opportunity to take long steps across the line of State Department jurisdiction.
		Morgenthau noted gleefully in his diary entry for March 20, 1945, that during a meeting with Roosevelt that day the President's son-in-law, Major John Boettiger, who was also present, had objected to the Morgenthau Plan, saying.
	library.flawlesslogic.com /treason_4.htm (2315 words)

	j. - Behind-the-scenes look reveals hidden battles in making of U.S. plan for postwar Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Morgenthau Plan, as it became known, was violently opposed by most of the American leadership, the British and the Russians, all of whom feared a resentful Germany thirsting for revenge.
		Morgenthau was one of Roosevelt’s closest friends in government, a Hudson Valley neighbor who was only the second Jew to ever serve in a president’s Cabinet.
		Morgenthau was careful not to press his friendship with Roosevelt by making special pleadings on behalf of the Jews.
	www.jewishsf.com /content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/23386/format/html/displaystory.html (765 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Morgenthau plan
		Morgenthau was highly successful - he raised and spent more money than all his 51 predecessors combined, and he took a leading role at the Bretton Woods conference in July 1944 - but his plan should never have seen the light of day.
		When the plan was revealed in the American press it was seized upon by German propaganda as evidence of what unconditional surrender meant, and may have contributed to bolstering German resistance during the last months of the war.
		Morgenthau himself complained for his name being attached to the plan because it was "Part of Potsdam Agreement" and not one persons' idea.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=8517 (1115 words)

	The American Experience \| America and the Holocaust \| People & Events \| Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (1891-1967)
		Morgenthau was himself the grandson of a German Jewish immigrant.
		Morgenthau was one of the few Jews surrounding the President, and was perhaps the most concerned by the plight of Germany's Jews.
		Morgenthau immediately pointed the story out to the President, who suggested that Morgenthau ask the State Department to look into the matter.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX97.html (735 words)

	The Henry Morgenthau Plan and the Problem of Policy Perversion
		Morgenthau hit the ceiling when he got a copy of the Handbook for Military Government in Germany, which was designed for the guidance of every American and British official upon entering Germany.
		Morgenthau felt that the new JCS document should declare unmistakably that the State Department paper of March 10 was officially withdrawn.
		Morgenthau and White were dead set against the old concept of long-term reparations payments, because such annual tribute would necessitate the re-building of industry on a large scale in Germany.
	www.ihr.org /jhr/v09/v09p287_Kubek.html (5174 words)

	A Pledge Betrayed: What Is A War Crime?
		Churchill’s plan was that the nearest officer of major general rank would convene a court of inquiry not for the determination of guilt but solely to establish identity.
		Stimson was vigorously opposed the Morgenthau Plan and was soon joined by George Marshall and General Myron Cramer.
		Morgenthau then rushed to the conference, resulting in the Quebec conference concluding with agreement on the Morgenthau Plan for post war Germany.
	www.spiritone.com /~gdy52150/betrayalp3.htm (3691 words)

	The Morgenthau Plan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This book traces the role of Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury to President Roosevelt, in the planning for the postwar world, with close attention to the discussions leading up to the Second Quebec Conference where Winston Churchill's acceptance of the plan was obtained.
		It follows the devastating consequences of the policies based on the plan, and their contribution to the postwar collapse of the European economy.
		Dietrich, a former Defense Intelligence Agency employee, challenges the standard interpretation that the Treasury Department's Morgenthau Plan to "pastoralize" postwar Germany was adopted at the Second Quebec Conference in September 1944 but later abandoned by Roosevelt.
	www.algora.com /Morgenthau.htm (492 words)

	The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941-1945
		Morgenthau was the only Jew in Roosevelt's cabinet, or among the president's friends, and his tenure was unremarkable until the man who had celebrated his marriage, Rabbi Stephen Wise, brought him vivid reports, freshly arrived from Switzerland in the summer of 1942, of the Nazi campaign that would come to be known as the Holocaust.
		Morgenthau's closest approach to triumph came at Quebec in the fall of 1944, when Roosevelt pressed Churchill to consider the draconian ''Morgenthau plan.'' Churchill was at first shocked and angry, but there was little he would not do for his friend, and he began to edge around.
		Morgenthau, who derived much of his influence from his long relationship with Roosevelt, consistently pressed the president with his plan, while others, inside the administration and outside, considered it drastic and punitive.
	www.arlindo-correia.com /120203.html (10955 words)

	In the House of the Hangman: The Agonies of German Defeat by Jeffrey K. Olick, an excerpt
		For historians of the occupation and of West Germany, "Morgenthau" has been useful as an emblem for a vast array of opinions, proposals, discussions, and theories from before the end of the war to be contrasted with what eventually happened.
		While "Morgenthau" has certainly long been iconic for those on the far Right, the myth is commonly assumed to be true across the spectrum; the only difference is in people's evaluations of how important it was that "Morgenthau" wanted to "pastoralize" Germany.
		Morgenthau and his friends had been working for some time on a drastic plan for the postwar treatment of Germany, and the leaders of groups who had been justly wrought up by German outrages requested the President invite him to go to Quebec primarily to present his plan for Germany" (emphasis added).
	www.press.uchicago.edu /Misc/Chicago/626385.html (4548 words)

	Henry Morgenthau: Who Was Who Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Morgenthau was President Roosevelt's Secretary of the Treasury from 1934 until the end of the war.
		Morgenthau was also responsible for the freezing of Japanese assets before the war in the Far East and for organizing economic measures against the Axis Powers.
		The Morgenthau Plan advocated enforcing agrarianism on Germany, in which most industry would be dismantled and the sites turned into arable land.
	www.nizkor.org /hweb/people/m/morgenthau-henry/who-was-who.html (216 words)

	Morgenthau Diaries, 1933–1945 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Morgenthau’s meticulously prepared daily diaries reflect his wide and varied interests: U.S. and international economics; government’s responsibility to its citizens; social reform; preparations for war; and refugees and displaced persons, particularly European Jews.
		Morgenthau was an early and ardent antifascist who looked for ways to thwart German and Japanese ambitions as early as 1936 (the Tripartite Stabilization Pact) and to supply the Allies with modern aircraft and other materiel once the war had started.
		Morgenthau stayed on at Treasury until after the death of his friend and mentor in the White House.
	www.lexisnexis.com /academic/2upa/Aph/fdrMorgenthauDiaries.asp (1040 words)

	Covering the Map of the World -- The Half-Century Legacy of the Yalta Conference, Part 5
		The Morgenthau Plan called for a political dismemberment of Germany, the stripping of Germany of all its industrial equipment and capabilities, and the forced "pastoralization" of the German population.
		It is no exaggeration to say that the Morgenthau Plan, if applied in its full rigor, would have been an undiscriminating sentence of death for millions of Germans.
		The avowed purpose of the Morgenthau Plan was to turn Germany into a predominantly agricultural and pastoral country.
	www.fff.org /freedom/0795b.asp (1909 words)

	James Bacque: Did the Allies Starve Millions of Germans?
		In a plan devised by U.S. secretary of the treasury Henry C. Morgenthau Jr., the Allies "pastoralized" Germany.
		Morgenthau, Gen. Eisenhower prescribed a treatment for Germany that would be "good and hard," giving as his reason that "the whole German population is a synthetic paranoid."
		Morgenthau took a written version of their discussion to U.S. president Franklin Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill when the two met in Quebec City in September, 1944.
	www.serendipity.li /hr/bacque01.htm (1727 words)

	Chapter Eleven - How Germany's Fate Was Sealed
		As Morgenthau described it, the great industrial area of Germany the Ruhr ; "should be not only stripped of all existing industries but should be so weakened and controlled that it cannot in the foreseeable future become an industrial area...
		He was invited to present his plan, while the other two members of the Cabinet Committee who outvoted him remained behind, not even knowing the subject was on the agenda.
		Meantime the contents of the Morgenthau Plan leaked to the papers and Roosevelt became alarmed at the violence of the reaction, a fine evidence of the fundamentally decent nature of the majority of Americans.
	www.rooseveltmyth.com /book/fdrmyth_Chapter_Eleven___How_Germany_s_F.htm (1324 words)

	Alternatives to Ethnic Cleansing
		On August 7, 1944, Eisenhower, during a lunch with Morgenthau and Harry C. White, said that he felt the people of Germany had been guilty of supporting their regime, and that he would like to "see things made good and hard for them for a while".
		Morgenthau said that it was necessary to reduce the military-industrial strength of Germany for ever.
		The basic plan was to wreck or confiscate all important German industry, converting the country into one huge farm, while at the same time destroying the fertilizer plants on which German agriculture depended.
	home.earthlink.net /~wolfgangpmay/id8.html (2208 words)

	The Roots Of Pianka's Genocide Endorsement
		Pianka knows that his genocide plan has its roots in the Morgenthau Plan for Germany, which was eventually halted by James Forrestal, who paid for his humanitarianism and his antipathy to the Zionist state with his life.
		There was never a German plan or intent or the practice of mass murder of Jews or Poles or Gypsies or homosexuals or Russians or anyone.
		That was the plan for as long as it would last, and it lasted until recently.
	www.rense.com /general70/geno.htm (558 words)

	Bookreporter.com - THE CONQUERORS by Michael Beschloss
		THE CONQUERORS is primarily the story of the Morgenthau Plan, an ill-starred attempt by Roosevelt's Treasury Secretary, Henry Morgenthau, to impact American policy in postwar Germany.
		Morgenthau is the primary character in the book; his private letters and papers are the main source of material for Beschloss.
		As a result, the focus of THE CONQUERORS is Morgenthau's experience, which primarily consists of bureaucratic infighting among the Treasury, State and War Departments, as well as the new Truman Administration.
	www.bookreporter.com /reviews/0684810271.asp (459 words)

	The Claremont Institute: The German Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The surprising central figure of the book is Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr., and the central theme is Morgenthau's eponymous plan—ultimately rejected by Roosevelt, and firmly rebuffed by Truman—for the complete demilitarization of postwar Germany through its pastoralization and partial dismemberment.
		So much of the book is dominated by the shelved Morgenthau Plan and the man behind it that the narrative reads like a case study of a road not taken.
		Beschloss vividly portrays Morgenthau's wartime transformation into an activist for European Jews—he is a lone voice in FDR's Cabinet bringing attention to the plight of the Jews and the Nazis' aim to destroy them.
	www.claremont.org /writings/crb/spring2004/spalding.html (1294 words)

	Dear Uncle Sam (circa 1938)
		Morgenthau’s most grevious offense was due to his naivete.
		Morgenthau also proposed a postwar plan for Germany that was tantamount to the genocide of 40% of her population known as the Morgenthau Plan.
		Lt Col John Boettiger said the Morgenthau Plan was "worth thirty divisions to the Germans" (Report on the Morgenthau Diaries, p.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1567365/posts (1061 words)

	The American Council For Judaism - Article Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The second reason for Truman’s July, 1947 anger at Morgenthau, was that as President, he knew the contents of the super-secret U.S. Army intelligence, Venona Intercepts of Soviet diplomatic and KGB wire traffic between the U.S. and Russia.
		In January 1952, after Morgenthau visited the FBI and was briefed on the Harry Dexter White file, he was distraught and wondered, if “White [had] maneuvered him, on behalf of the Soviets, to help keep Germany from blocking their domination of postwar Europe.”
		The third reason for Truman’s anger at Morgenthau was that the bitter private debate within the Roosevelt administration over the “Morgenthau Plan” had been linked to GOP President candidate, Thomas Dewey, who made it the cornerstone of his criticism of Roosevelt’s “improvised meddling” in the war that caused unnecessary U.S. casualties.
	www.acjna.org /article_view.asp?article_id=320 (1944 words)

	Chapter VIII: U.S. Policy Emergent
		The plan assumed a defeated Germany that was economically and administratively intact and it assumed a German government capable of acknowledging defeat.
		Above all he was determined to preserve the War Department's predominance in the planning in Washington as well as the theater commander's in the field during the military period.
		In substance it was an expansion of five points, none originating with the Morgenthau Plan, on which the War-State-Treasury meeting of 2 September and subsequently the Cabinet Committee had agreed unanimously.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/other/us-army_germany_1944-46_ch08.htm (5043 words)

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