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	Morita Shoma
		Morita Masatake (1874-1938) (森田正馬) - a contemporary of Freud, Morita was the founder of a very different branch of clinical psychology rooted in the writings of Shinran, the founder of Shinshu Buddhism.
		Morita held that we can no more control our thoughts than we can control the weather, as both are phenomenon of most amazingly complex natural systems.
		Morita's methods lead his 'students' through experiments, and in each assignment, the lesson is not explained by a master, but learned first hand, through the doing or 'taiken', that knowledge gained by direct experience.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mo/Morita_Shoma.html (465 words)

	Morita - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A form of psycho-therapy developed by Dr. Shoma Morita (1874-1938) who was a psychiatrist and department chair at Jikei University's School of Medicine in Tokyo.
		The therapy is partly infleunced by Zen Buddhism of which Dr. Morita was a practitioner.
		However the applications of Morita therapy are now considered to be much wider [2] (http://www.todoinstitute.org/morita.html), and it has been applied in cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, life-threatening and/or chronic medical conditions and depression.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Morita (396 words)

	Morita Therapy
		Shoma Morita (1874-1938), the founder of Morita Therapy, was a psychiatrist and department chair at Jikei University's School of Medicine in Tokyo.
		Morita's personal training in Zen Buddhism influenced his teachings, yet Morita practice is not Zen practice.
		Morita formulated his psychotherapeutic principles in Japan as a program for the treatment of neurotic tendencies at the same time that attention in Europe was given to Dr Sigmund Freud's discovery of the unconscious and Jung's development of archetypes.
	www.clcma.com /morita1.htm (388 words)

	Taijin Kyofusho Encyclopedia Article @ Disconcerted.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Morita Masatake (also known as Morita Shoma) described the condition as vicious cycle of self examination and reproach which can occur in people of hypochondriacal temperament.
		In the West, taijin kyofusho is usually described as a form of social anxiety (social phobia), with the sufferer dreading and avoiding social contact.
		The standard Japanese treatment for taijin kyofusho is Morita therapy, developed by Dr. Morita Masatake in the 1910s as a treatment for the Japanese mental disorders taijin kyofusho and shinkeishitsu (nervous character or temperament).
	www.disconcerted.org /encyclopedia/Taijin_kyofusho (454 words)

	Japanese Psychotheapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Morita was a student of not only Japanese and Buddhist thought but was familir with western thinking of the time.
		Morita’s area of focus was on neurotic anxiety based disorders typified by the Japanese diagnosis of shinkeishitsu.
		The Morita view of emotions is particularly useful in helping clients to take steps to move forward in their life by placing their emotional struggles in a more realistic - and healthy - context.
	www.round-river2000.com /japanese.html (1838 words)

	David K. Reynolds
		Morita and Naikan psychotherapies are more narrowly practiced in Japan than in the West, but they provided theoretical and practical guidelines around which Constructive Living was put together.
		The dissertation was rewritten as Morita Psychotherapy (1976).
		Certainly, the lifeways Morita and Yoshimoto taught were not useful solely to those who carried the clinical diagnosis of neurosis.
	www.clcma.com /dkr1.htm (633 words)

	Psychology Today: Sayonara, shyness
		Discusses Morita therapy, a psychological treatment for shyness, based on the notion that all emotions are a part of life.
		Named for the late Japanese psychiatrist Shoma Morita, the therapy is based on the notion that all emotions are part of life.
		In Morita therapy, the focus is social interaction: First the fear itself is acknowledged, then the socializing is attended to.
	www.psychologytoday.com /articles/pto-19920501-000012.html (405 words)

	Morita Institute: Self hypnosis CD's & MP3's about Anxiety, Depression, Phobia, Health & many more.
		Morita Therapy is an action-oriented therapeutic approach that reframes many common uncomfortable physical and emotional states such as blushing, trembling, nervousness, anxiety and fear within a context that works for you rather than against you.
		Morita Therapy is also an excellent method for people looking for a way to follow a holistic course of personal growth and self-improvement.
		Both Morita Therapy and Hypnotherapy are action-oriented therapeutic approaches that can be powerful adjuncts to other treatment modalities or that can be used as stand-alone approaches to treat a variety of psychological and emotional as well as physical problems.
	www.morita-institute.com /certificate.html (1341 words)

	The meaning of depression and malaise seen from the perspective of Buddhism
		Morita therapy is a therapeutic technique developed by the Japanese psychologist Shoma Morita (1874-1938) in the early part of the twentieth century.
		Morita’s method was initially developed as a treatment for a type of anxiety neurosis, and in the last decades the applications of Morita therapy have broadened to the treatment of depression and other mental disorders.
		Morita first claims that the basic force in human being is desire or craving for existence.
	www.healthpastoral.org /events/18conference/tai_shin.htm (4677 words)

	Morita Shoma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Morita Masatake (1874 - 1938) (森田正馬) was a contemporary of Sigmund Freud; however, Morita was the founder of Morita Therapy, a very different branch of clinical psychology, rooted in the writings of Shinran, the founder of Shinshu Buddhism.
		Reynolds synthesized Morita Therapy along with the practice of Naikan into Constructive Living, an educational method intended for English speaking Westerners.
		His student was Morita Sensei and he founded the Higirikan Dojo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Morita_Shoma (584 words)

	PSY 305G Buddhism and Personality
		Morita therapy has its conceptual roots in Zen Buddhism.
		Morita was aware of western psychology and blended some of their techniques into his own Zen-influenced psychology.
		Notice that both in the Morita and the Naikan methods, the "self" and its characteristics, defense mechanisms and strategies are not a concern.
	www.bethel.edu /~johluc/psy305gSp05/buddhism/BuddhismPersonality.html (445 words)

	Even in summer the ice doesn't melt. - book reviews Psychology Today - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Morita therapy claims not only to improve interpersonal relationships but asserts its constructive applicability to business and leisure activities.
		Morita therapy views the problems to be treated as evidence of a lack of maturity, improper understanding and disharmony.
		To the Western audience the procedure of bed rest has been the intervention most popularly associated with Morita therapy, and it is surprising as a result to learn that the prescription of bed rest has become quite rare in Japan.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1175/is_v21/ai_4629015 (706 words)

	Morita Therapy -- The ToDo Institute
		Morita psychotherapy was developed by Japanese psychiatrist Shoma Morita in the early part of the twentieth century.
		In the U.S., inpatient Morita therapy is generally unavailable, and most practitioners favor a counseling or educational approach, the emphasis of which is on developing healthy living skills, learning to work with our attention, and taking steps to accomplish tasks and goals.
		For this reason, Morita therapy is sometimes referred to as the psychology of action.
	www.todoinstitute.org /morita.html (879 words)

	Shoma Morita And Morita -:- School Essays Business Statistics - Term Papers and Topics
		This paper discusses the early 20th century Japanese psychiatrist, Shoma Morita, pioneered what is now known as Morita Therapy by incorporating the principles of Zen Buddhism in the treatment of an anxiety neurosis known as shinkeishitsu.
		The Morita approach has gained popularity in Japan and North America in the latter part of the century, with a general broadening of applications.
		Dr. Morita's central idea was one of realistic action as self-development according to the exercises described presently.
	www.businesstermpapers.com /show_busipapers/political_science/papers-on-shoma-morita-and.shtml (329 words)

	News: index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Morita Shoma, MD (1874 – 1938) designed his therapy as a four-stage homecare treatment of anxiety.
		Historically Morita was a contemporary of Sigmund Freud, Maria Montessori, Jean Charcot, and William James; and he was philosophically aligned with Zen Buddhism.
		Morita was intrigued by Freud's use of the prone position in analysis and wrote of his contemporary's therapy.
	www.ruralhealth.utas.edu.au /news?page=2 (1371 words)

	Constructive Living Bookstore \| HealthCare \|
		Morita typically is given a paragraph or two in western psychology textbooks, and his principles and methods allotted even less coverage.
		Morita Therapy is a direct translation of Morita's work into English, with discussions of Morita's method of isolated bed rest used to treat patients with severe anxiety and many case studies.
		This was probably one work which led Dr.Reynolds to Morita therapy as he surveyed the approaches to these sensitive topics throughout the world on a quest which eventually led to Morita Shoma.
	www.teledyn.com /fun/CL/?section=HealthCare (596 words)

	abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The present paper questions the Japanese statement that Morita therapy, a Japanese form of psychotherapy devised by Morita Shoma in 1919, is based on Western medicine.
		This is done by comparing the methods of Morita therapy to those methods of Western forms of treatment which Morita (1874-1938) studied and used himself.
		The conclusion is that one should not say that Morita therapy is based on Western medicine, but rather that Morita was stimulated by the Western forms of treatment he studied, but felt impelled to create leis own characteristically Eastern form of therapy, while struggling with those Western therapies.
	www.educ.kyoto-u.ac.jp /cogpsy/psychologia/ab/3022.htm (169 words)

	Resources-Articles
		Morita Therapy is a 70 year old purpose-centered, results-oriented therapy from Japan, based on principles of Zen Buddhism.
		Morita is named after its founder, Shoma Morita, a psychiatrist and Zen Buddhist.
		In Quantum, one transcends the innumerable identities of self; in Hakomi, one transcends the constraints of history; in Morita, one transcends the self imposed limitations of the moment; and in Naikan, one transcends self-centeredness and lack of gratitude to others.
	www.hakomiinstitute.com /Resources/jlehrman.html (1093 words)

	Mental Health Okamoto Foundation
		Dr. Morita considered his approach to be a treatment for a particular kind of neurosis, but in the years since his death Morita therapists have also successfully treated people with a wide range of problems including obsessive-compulsive disorder, life threatening illness, depression, and eating disorders.
		Morita therapy's emphasis on action rather than on feelings teaches practitioners to live as much as possible a full, productive, interesting and meaningful life in each moment.
		Morita seminars have already been held very often in China, but these workshops were the first ones in Europe.
	www.mhor.org /mental-E/mhe-8-2.html (896 words)

	Recommended Reading
		His method was initially developed as a treatment for a type of “anxiety neurosis” called “shinkeishitsu.” In the latter part of this century the applications of Morita therapy have broadened, both in Japan and North America.
		The fundamental tenant of Morita therapy is to live life by engaging it with an awareness of your naturally fluid emotional state, acceptance, as opposed to fear, of that fluidity and a reality-focused vision of the self in the context of society.
		Reynolds's book places its emphasis on learning to develop an acceptance of the current state of being, as opposed to directly trying to manipulate it, as is a more common approach in therapies that involve cognitive restructuring.
	www.apa.org /divisions/div18/vaweb/reading.htm (243 words)

	Psychology
		Though the classical therapy was initially designed to treat anxiety-based disorders, it is presently used in Japan, China, and Australia for depression, personality disorders, eating disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
		Shoma Morita published the Japanese edition in 1928.
		This English translation is by Akihisa Kondo, a practitioner of classical Morita therapy, Zen, and psychoanalysis.
	members.aol.com /bookshlep/books/psych.htm (332 words)

	Mental Health Okamoto Foundation
		It is a society to study Morita Theory and practice it in daily life in order to solve problems.
		The Society is based on Morita's psychotherapeutic theory (the abbreviation is Morita Theory) developed by Dr.Shoma Morita (a former professor of Jikei University School of Medicine, 1874-1938)
		If you have hallucinations, auditory hallucinations or delusions, or if you are not aware of the nature of your illness, Morita Theory study won't work with you and you need immediate medical care.
	www.mhor.org /mental-E/mhe-6.html (701 words)

	Cross-Cultural Counseling and Cross-Cultural Meanings: An Exploration of Morita Psychotherapy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Cross-Cultural Counseling and Cross-Cultural Meanings: An Exploration of Morita Psychotherapy.
		Describes theoretical framework and techniques of Morita psychotherapy.
		Suggests that ethnocentric counseling approaches may be imposed upon clients of Asian origin because meanings attached to terms describing counseling styles can differ by culture.
	www.eric.ed.gov /sitemap/html_0900000b8003c1d0.html (81 words)

	Approaching Realistic Therapy \| ContextualPsychology.org
		I did not hear of Morita Therapy until long after ACT was created...
		I am told, however, that the English versions of Morita are not quite right.
		A senior student of mind who reads Japanese, Akihiko Masuda, is currently writing a Japanese ACT book (Professsor Muto is another author, along with others) and they are dealing with these connections in detail.
	www.contextualpsychology.org /approaching_realistic_therapy (865 words)

	First Weblog: Facing the Demons of Inaction: Morita Therapy as a Resource for Moving Forward
		Shoma Morita, M.D. (1874-1938) developed a model of psychology no known as Morita Therapy.
		But Morita Therapy offers a set of tools that is less about conquering and more about co-existing with.
		Morita therapy recommends that we accept their presence, as unpleasant as that may be, and move forward anyway.
	www.todoinstitute.org /library/public/facing_the_demons_of_inaction_morita_therapy_as_a_resource_for_moving_forward.php (3430 words)

	Morita Therapy, Professional Education, The Joint Center on Violence and Victim Studies (JCVVS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Founded by Dr. Shoma Morita (1874-1938), an eminent Japanese psychiatrist and pioneer in Eastern therapies, this holistic therapy is practiced and taught internationally as a unique transcultural and practical approach to a wide variety of health concerns, including post-trauma, anxiety disorders, depression, stress management, terminal illness, eating disorders, and phobias.
		Brian Ogawa will focus on the Morita Therapy's usefulness and application for practitioners including psychologists, victim assistance providers, clergy, human service workers, and medical personnel.
		Ogawa has been studying and praticing Morita Therapy for more than 40 years and is regarded as one of the foremost pioneers of its introduction into the West.
	www.washburn.edu /ce/jcvvs/professional_practice/morita_therapy (171 words)

	Chinese Medical Psychiatry by Bob Flaws and James Lake, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Morita Therapy was developed by the Japanese psychiatrist, Shoma Morita, in the early part of the 20
		This style of psychotherapy is very much influenced by Zen Buddhism.
		Covers Morita Therapy, Naikan Therapy, Meaningful Life Therapy (MLT), and Constructive Living.
	chinesemedicalpsychiatry.com /links_pages/morita.html (54 words)

	Bibliography of Morita and Naikan
		Journal: International Bulletin of Morita Therapy 1991 Spr-Fal Vol 4(1-2) 32-41 Author: LeVine, Peg Title: Applications of Morita therapy for clients with a bisexual orientation during the coming-out process.
		Journal: International Bulletin of Morita Therapy 1990 Spr Vol 3(1) 14-25 Author: Kora, Takehisa Title: An overview of the theory and practice of Morita therapy: II.
		Journal: International Bulletin of Morita Therapy 1988 May Vol 1(1) 11-18 Author: LeVine, Peggy Title: Use of Morita therapy as an adjunct approach to the treatment of bulimia nervosa.
	www.teledyn.com /fun/CL/bib.html (1748 words)

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