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Topic: Mormon Pioneer

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	Mormon Pioneer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Mormon Pioneers were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, who migrated across the United States from the midwest to the Salt Lake Valley in what is today the State of Utah.
		The pioneers traveled to the Salt Lake Valley in the Great Basin using wagons, handcarts, and, in some cases, hand carrying their belongings.
		Because of fatalities, suffering and sacrifices endured by these early Mormon Pioneers, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints considers many of the graveyards and campsites along the trail to be hallowed ground.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mormon_Pioneer (1991 words)

	Mormon Pioneer: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Mormon Pioneers were a westward migration of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints[For more facts and a topic of this subject, click this link], EHandler: no quick summary.
		In mormonism, a temple is a building designed as a house of god and often reserved for special forms of worship....
		The mormon trail was the overland route the mormon emigrants followed west from nauvoo, illinois to salt lake city, utah beginning in 1846....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mo/mormon_pioneer.htm (1194 words)

	Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Mormon religion, later known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, was founded by Joseph Smith on April 6, 1830 in Fayette, New York.
		From 1839 until 1846, the Mormon church was headquartered in Nauvoo where church members were able to prosper and practice their religion peacefully.
		Mormon practices such as polygamy, in combination with the quick growth of the church, contributed to a growing intolerance among some Illinois citizens.
	www.nps.gov /mopi/mopi/history.htm (369 words)

	Utah History Encyclopedia
		As is became established as a major Mormon tradition, Pioneer Day was celebrated as a birthday, an independence day, and a thanksgiving day for Mormons, as well as a foretaste of the celebration of the Saints that would usher in the millennium at the end of time.
		To be sure, pioneering ideals have remained dominant in the celebrations, but the usual themes of "frontier," "homeland," "Zion in the tops of the mountains," and so on have been increasingly applied metaphorically to concerns and ambitions, not exclusively of the Mormons, but of the wider societies in which Latter-day Saints live.
		Though to Mormons the celebration may always bring to mind the pioneers of 1847, to the society as a whole the day is one to celebrate the building of the society by "pioneers" of many eras and backgrounds.
	www.media.utah.edu /UHE/p/PIONEERDAY.html (850 words)

	Pioneer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pioneer, a term used by Jehovah's Witnesses to describe someone who is in the full-time volunteer ministry work
		Pioneer Island, part of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago in the Kara Sea, north of Russia
		Pioneer plant, a plant adapted to the extreme environment of an otherwise barren location
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pioneer (432 words)

	Mormon Pioneer NHT: Historic Resource Study (Appendix C)
		After he led the pioneers into the Valley of the Great Salt Lake, he was sustained on December 5, 1847, at Winter Quarters (present Nebraska) and Council Bluffs (present Iowa) as second president of the Mormon Church.
		He joined the Mormon Church, became the Second Bishop in the Church in Nauvoo in 1844 and became, as captain of a group of 50, one of the leaders of the exodus across Iowa in 1846.
		WILLIAM CLAYTON, 1814-1879: Pioneer, hymnist, clerk of the 1846 and 1847 camp of pioneers, author of famous guidebook.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/mopi/hrsac.htm (1412 words)

	THE MORMON PIONEER TRAIL
		The Mormon pioneers shared similar experiences with others traveling west: the drudgery of walking hundreds of miles, suffocating dust, violent thunderstorms, mud, temperature extremes, bad water, poor forage, sickness, and death.
		The Mormon pioneer experience is closely tied to the formation, growth, and development of their church, which was founded by Joseph Smith, April 6, 1830, in Fayette, New York.
		Mormon emigrants continued to arrive during the remaining weeks of summer and fall, and approximately 1,650 people spent their first winter in the valley.
	www.americanwest.com /trails/pages/mormtrl.htm (2744 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Mormon Pioneer
		The Mormon Pioneers were a westward migration of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, beginning in February, 1846, ending with the completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869.
		In 1844 Joseph Smith, the founder of the Mormon Church, had been murdered while in custody in the city of Carthage, Illinois.
		For his role as the leader of this modern day exodus, Brigham Young would be called the "Moses of the West." The pioneers traveled to the Salt Lake Valley in the Great Basin using wagons, handcarts, and, in some cases, hand carrying their belongings.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Mormon_Pioneer (345 words)

	BLM Wyoming Historic Trails -- Mormon Trail Auto Tour
		An 1843 pioneer described it as, "...a natural bridge of solid rock, over a rapid torrent, the arch being regular as tho' shaped by art...." The stream, originally known as Bridge Creek, is now called LaPrele Creek and flows through a beautiful public park surrounding the Bridge.
		The Mormons purchased the fort from Bridger's partner Louis Vasquez in 1855 and operated it, together with Fort Supply 12 miles to the south, until the fall of 1857.
		The Mormon Pioneer Trail follows the Hastings Cutoff to California that was pioneered by the ill-fated Donner Party in 1846, a year before Brigham Young's initial trip west.
	www.wy.blm.gov /historictrails/mo-tour.htm (2866 words)

	-- Beliefnet.com
		Pioneer Day celebrations are religious rituals that remind members of the LDS faith community of a signal event in their past.
		The annual Pioneer Day parade will follow, with the procession assembling in front of the plaza that now stands between Temple Square and the Joseph Smith Building, a structure that bears the name of the founder and first prophet of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
		This year’s "pioneers and patriots" festival theme clearly reflects post-Sept. 11 civic concerns, with its emphasis on America’s military heroes and the loyalty of Utah’s citizens to the nation.
	www.beliefnet.com /story/109/story_10985_1.html (682 words)

	The Mormon Pioneer Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In commemoration of these pioneers and the trail they made and traveled, many sesquicentennial events are planned in 1996 and 1997.
		The Mormon Trail is 1,032 miles from Winter Quarters (near Florence, Nebraska) to Salt Lake City, Utah.
		As the Mormons were preparing to go west, they were approached by the United States government for help in the war against Mexico.
	www.omaha.org /trails (746 words)

	City of Omaha's Landmarks Heritage Preservation Commission
		Significant as the burial site of hundreds of Mormon settlers, the Pioneer-Mormon Cemetery is associated with Winter Quarters, an 1846-1848 settlement that served as a temporary "way-station" for Mormons as they migrated west to Salt Lake City.
		With the exception of a commemorative marker in the nearby city park, the cemetery is the only visible reminder of the Mormon settlement.
		Mormon church records indicate that 359 Mormon pioneers were buried at the site.
	www.ci.omaha.ne.us /landmarks/designated_landmarks/landmarks/109 (148 words)

	Brigham Young (DesertUSA)
		Brigham Young, as leader of the Mormon Church and architect of the Mormon colonization of Utah, was one of the most influential figures in shaping the American West.
		Federal authorities continued their assault against Mormon theocracy and marriage practices, until in 1890, the Mormon church relinquished the practice of polygamy.
		Various former Mormons, who have continued the practice of polygamy to the present day, have been excommunicated by the Mormon church.
	www.desertusa.com /mag98/nov/papr/brighamyoung.html (901 words)

	Mormons on the Internet -- CH. 12: HISTORY OF THE MODERN CHURCH
		Mormon Scripture Studies -[- an e-journal of critical thought -]- A forum for honest, rigorous inquiry that cultivates fresh ideas on all facets of Mormon scripture scholarship.
		Pioneer life is recreated in Old Deseret, where 13 authentic pioneer homes and buildings combine with typical pioneer guides in authentic pioneer dress and animals.
		Thumbnail sketches of Mormon pioneer history, from the trail to the first years in the Utah Territory.
	www.writerspost.com /mormonnet/submit/milinks3i.htm (2318 words)

	PBS - THE WEST - Emmeline Wells
		Unshakeable in her commitment to plural marriage, Emmeline Wells was a leading figure in Mormon politics and in the women's suffrage movement who helped close the gap of misunderstanding that separated Mormons and non-Mormon America for more than fifty years.
		Three months later she accepted the Mormon's only recently revealed doctrine of plural marriage and entered into plural marriage with a Mormon elder in a ceremony presided over by Brigham Young.
		To Mormons, her prominence within national organization such as the Woman's Republican League and the National Suffrage Association was evidence that Americans were not universally hostile.
	www.pbs.org /weta/thewest/people/s_z/wells.htm (724 words)

	Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Contains a variety of maps relating to Mormon migration; especially valuable is Map #37: "Mormon Settlements in the Middle Missouri River Valley" prepared from research by Gail G. Holmes.
		Mormons on the High Seas: Ocean Voyage Narratives to America (1840-1890): Guide to Sources in the Historical Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Other Utah Repositories (Salt Lake City: Historical Department, LDS Church, 1990).
		The Pioneer Camp of the Saints, The 1846 and 1847 Mormon Trail Journals of Thomas Bullock ed.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~imaging/into/biblio/biblio.html (3074 words)

	Barrett, National Mormon Pioneer Heritage Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The proposed National Mormon Pioneer Heritage Area would help to tell the nationally significant story of the settlement of a large portion of the western United States by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
		Native Americans occupied the area prior to Mormon settlement and the story of the three-way conflict between the Mormon settlers, Native Americans and the United States Army is a fascinating chapter in United States history.
		Thus, through the designation of the National Mormon Pioneer Heritage Area, communities of the region would be better able to understand their rich and complex heritage as well as share it with visitors to the region.
	www.doi.gov /ocl/2002/s2196.htm (1283 words)

	Mormon Pioneer Trail \| Utah.com
		Overall more than 60,000 pioneers took the Mormon Trail to Utah from 1847-1869; 6,000 died along the way.
		Several points along this trail are open to the public today and offer unique insights into life in settlement-era Utah and the feelings these pioneers experienced as they approached their final destination.
		This Is The Place Heritage Park is a lively and fascinating attraction on the eastern edge of Salt Lake City, and marks the symbolic end of the Mormon Trail.
	www.utah.com /mormon/pioneer_trail.htm (272 words)

	Bibliographies
		Mormon Pioneer Companies Crossing the Plains (1847-1868): Guide to Sources in the Historical Department and Family History Library of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
		On The Mormon Frontier: The Diary of Hosea Stout.
		Kimball, Stanley B. The Mormon Battalion on the Santa Fe Trail in 1846.
	history.utah.gov /utah_history_research_center/bibliographies.html (1152 words)

	Mormon Pioneer
		This is an aerial view of the Mormon Pioneer Cemetery, located at 3215 State Street.
		The Mormons came through here in the winters of 1848-50, and many of them died from the cold and illness and are buried in this cemetery.
		A word of caution to anyone who just wants to visit the cemetery; the Mormon Church has built a beautiful visitor center across the street from the cemetery, and they've just finished a brand new temple, directly to the south of the cemetery.
	www.steveandmarta.com /graveyards/mormon_pioneer/mormon_1a.htm (293 words)

	Dedication of Mormon Pioneer Memorial Bridge
		The pioneers who crossed the river at this site were a brave and fearless lot, having a firm belief in the right to worship their God in their own way.
		This marker tells briefly the story of the trek of the Mormon Pioneers from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake in the Rocky Mountains.
		Mormon Pioneer Memorial Bridge as it appeared when operated as a toll bridge
	www.historicomaha.com /mrmnbrdg.htm (1422 words)

	Heritage Gateways
		In support of the Sesquicentennial Mormon Trail Wagon Trek, the Utah Education Network (UEN) was designated the official, educational web site for the Mormon Trail Re-enactment.
		The site is also a rich source for scholarly writings, links to other Internet resources, and a comprehensive bibliography of related writings, maps and organizations all related to the study of the pioneers, as well as instructions on how to build an authentic handcart.
		Perhaps one of the most exciting aspects of the Heritage Gateways project is the "living" diaries in the Daily Journal Entries section which were created and posted from the re-enactment trail.
	heritage.uen.org (309 words)

	Meridian Magazine :: BYU Studies: “All Hail to Christmas:” Mormon Pioneer Holiday Celebrations
		Even as they struggled for sufficient food and shelter, the Mormon pioneers took time their first year in the Valley to celebrate Christmas and staged Christmas dinners that ranged from boiled rabbit to splendid spreads.
		Some of the story of the first Mormon Christmas holiday celebration in Utah (in 1847) is well known and reflects the deprivation and discomfort of pioneer life.
		Hot on her sister’s heels, the other pioneer girl peered inside her own stocking and, much to her chagrin, found only an apple and a fried cake.
	www.meridianmagazine.com /byustudies/041217pioneer.html (1279 words)

	Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail (National Park Service)
		Led by Brigham Young, roughly 70,000 Mormons traveled along the Mormon Pioneer Trail from 1846 to 1869 in order to escape religious persecution.
		The Mormon Pioneer Trail travels through five states over both public and private land.
		We encourage you to visit the InDepth web pages for more detailed information and links to Mormon Pioneer history of the 1846-47 trek.
	www.nps.gov /mopi (123 words)

	Tracing Mormon Pioneers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The purpose of this web site is to provide tips for those tracing their Mormon Pioneer ancestry from Europe, Scandinavia, Australia, and South Africa to Salt Lake City, Utah.
		It has been over 150 years since the arrival of the first pioneer company to Salt Lake City in 1847 and many have not traced their pioneer heritage.
		This site is most useful to those who have had members of their family tree that belonged to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints during the Mormon migration period of 1847-1868.
	www.xmission.com /~nelsonb/pioneer.htm (149 words)

	Main (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		On February 4, 1846 (151 years ago), the first of the Mormons left Nauvoo, Illinois and headed west on what has become known as the Mormon Trail.
		In commemoration of these pioneers and the trail they made and traveled, many sesquicentennial events were held in 1996 and 1997.
		The Mormon Battalion was formed with over 500 members near Council Bluffs, Iowa in 1846.
	www.omaha.org /trails/main.htm (635 words)

	Max Bertola's southern Utah - The Mormon Pioneers
		Southern Utah was first colonized by white men by the Mormon Pioneers sent here by Brigham Young.
		The fort was the base for the huge herds of cattle owned by the Mormon Church in the early days of the area.
		The best place in the state to learn the pioneer story is at the Pioneer Trails State Park in Salt Lake City.
	www.so-utah.com /feature/pioneer/homepage.html (391 words)

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