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Topic: Moro (Philippines)

	Moro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Moros were historically the last group to migrate northward to the Philippines, before the colonization by Spain.
		Aldo Moro an Italian politician kidnapped and killed by the BR, a terrorist group.
		Moro, Papua New Guinea - a town in Papua New Guinea
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moro (190 words)

	Moro Islamic Liberation Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines.
		Resistance to the Philippine government was first centred around the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), formed in the late 1960s following the Jabidah Massacre.
		The group demanded the formation of an independent Moro Islamic state and took part in terrorist attacks and assassinations to promote their ideas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front (554 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Moros in the Philippines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Moros have four of the factors that increase the chances of future rebellion: current insurgency; territorial concentration; regime instability in the past five years; and recent government repression.
		Concentrated in the Philippines’ southern region, the Moros primarily reside on the islands of the Sulu archipelago and on Mindanao and Palawan (REGIONAL = 1).
		Moro resistance to Spanish rule ensured that the colonizers were not able to exercise effective control over the southern region during their more than 300-year reign.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=84003 (1649 words)

	[No title]
		The Philippines is a strong political, economic and military ally of the United States and a close partner in the global war on terrorism.
		Philippine authorities believe that the ASG had a role in the October 2002 bombing near a Philippine military base in Zamboanga that killed three Filipinos and a U.S. serviceman.
		The Philippines receives anti-terrorist financial assistance from the U.S. Following Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's May 2003 visit to the U.S., Washington pledged to provide new funds to the Philippines for training and equipping Philippine forces to deal with terrorist groups and funds to spur development in the Mindanao region, where Islamic extremists are based.
	www.adl.org /Terror/tu/tu_0404_philippines.asp (1442 words)

	Igorot and moro National Reemergence: The Fabricated Philippine State.
		Moro was a synonym for barbarism and inferiority.
		The Moro Board of the office of the Governor of Lanao which provided for the settling of Moro civil and religious disputes according to Islamic law and Moro customary law was abolished.
		The borders of the Philippines enclose a racially homogeneous Malay population.
	www.cwis.org /fwj/21/imnr.html (12004 words)

	Philippines
		Philippine Commission Act 1915 allowed for assessors such as ‘kalis’, ‘panditas’, or Muslims well-versed in local laws and customs, to sit with Moroland Courts, and allowed for modification of U.S. law in cases where parties were Muslims.
		The Philippine Commission Act 1915 allowed for assessors such as ‘kalis’, ‘panditas’, or Muslims well-versed in local laws and customs, to sit with Moroland Courts, and permitted the modification of U.S. law in cases where the parties were Muslims.
		Philippines signed the Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages in 1963 and ratified it in 1965 without reservations.
	www.law.emory.edu /IFL/legal/philippines.htm (1895 words)

	Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF)
		Already in competition over land, economic resources, and political power, the Moros became increasingly alarmed by the immigration of Christians from the north who were making Moros a minority in what they felt was their own land.
		The talks led to an agreement between the Philippine government and the MNLF signed in Tripoli that year providing for Moro autonomy in the southern Philippines and for a cease-fire.
		Moro factionalism, compounded by declining foreign support and general war weariness, hurt the Muslim movement both on the battlefield and at the negotiating table.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/mnlf.htm (1243 words)

	BBC News \| ASIA-PACIFIC \| Who are the Abu Sayyaf?
		The militant Islamic group Abu Sayyaf is one of several guerrilla organisations involved in a resurgence of violence in the Philippines during the past year.
		In December 1994, the group bombed a Philippines Airlines plane on a flight from Manila to Tokyo, killing one passenger.
		The Moros, who converted to Islam in the 14th century, have long resisted the Philippines' Catholic rulers, dating back to the Spanish colonial period.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/719623.stm (561 words)

	Historical Antecedents of the Moro Rebellion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Moro Wars, marked by the Spaniards’ use of Christianized natives to fight against the Moros and the retaliatory raids by the Moros against Christian settlements along the shorelines of Luzon and the Visayas, spawned and heightened feelings of antagonism between the Moros and the Christianized Filipinos.
		In addition, the Americans brought the public school system to the Philippines and in an act of benevolent tutelage, sought to educate the Moros the western way, in the belief that the Moros needed this to be rid of their Islamic backwardness and to be at par with the rest of the western-educated Filipinos.
		The Moros and the so-called “wild people” living elsewhere were not considered prepared for civil rule and continued to be governed by military authorities.
	www.upd.edu.ph /~iis/article.html (1778 words)

	Islam in the Southern Philippines
		The third explanation for the presence of Islam in the Philippines is a political one.
		They invite Moro leaders to Arabian conferences to discuss their problems, and they continue to send Islamic missionaries to teach the Islamic religion in the southern Philippines.
		From 1960, the Moro people have expressed their wish to become independent, e.g., to secede from the Republic of the Philippines.
	www.niu.edu /cseas/outreach/islamSPhil.htm (3517 words)

	Moro Islamic Liberation Front
		The Moro Islamic Liberation Front is an Islamic liberation movement based in the Bangsamoro region in Mindanao and the neighbouring islands.
		The stated goal of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front is the establishment of an independent Islamic state in the southern Philippines.
		However, the Philippine government estimates put the MILF strength at something between 8,000 and 15,000. The majority of the MILF’s forces are deployed in four provinces of Mindanao: Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, and North Cotabato.
	www.ict.org.il /organizations/orgdet.cfm?orgid=92 (962 words)

	THE MORO JIHAD: A Continuous Struggle for Islamic Independence in Southern Philippines
		The Moroland (presently known as "Southern Philippines") is composed of Mindanao island (the second largest island of the Philippine islands) the Sulu archipelago, Palawan, Basilan and the neighbouring islands.
		On the granting of independence to the Philippines by America in the year 1946, there was a strong objection by the Moros to the inclusion of the Moroland but neither the Americans nor the christianised Filipinos had listened to them, knowing that the Philippines is an American agent in the region.
		Prior to that the Moro Muslims had been enjoying the administration of the region by themselves as the Provincial governors, the Municipal mayors and the Barangay captains were among themselves.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/docs/ph1.htm (1039 words)

	Moro Islamic Liberation Front
		This bond was significant, because the Moros felt threatened by the continued expansion of Christians into southern Mindanao and by the prolonged presence of Philippine army troops in their homeland.
		Philippine officials also suspect MILF operatives conducted bombings in Manila, including two at popular shopping malls in May. Other groups, including the Communist Party of the Philippines New People's Army, and the Alex Boncayao Brigade, mounted attacks in the archipelago.
		Philippine Defense Secretary Angelo Reyes said evidence found in an MILF headquarters in 2000 shows the group was training Islamic militants from neighboring Asian countries.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/milf.htm (686 words)

	PHILIPPINES — The Moro Islamic Liberation Front imbroglio
		The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is the largest Muslim rebel group and its ultimate aim is to have a separate Islamic state in southern Philippines though it could eventually settle down for a certain degree of Muslim autonomy.
		The Moros became suspicious of the government’s intentions and rebellions rose among the Moros who had traditionally equated their right to carry arms with their religious heritage.
		The MILF has also been often accused by the Philippines government for aiding the Abu Sayyaf group (which is also a breakaway faction of the MNLF) and in harbouring members of a small but militant group called the Pentagon gang involved mostly in kidnappings.
	www.saag.org /papers8/paper765.html (2206 words)

	Philippines
		In 2001, the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) announced plans to erect a mosque on campus to provide Muslim cadets a place to worship and to enhance cultural awareness of Islam for all cadets; however, this project had not yet been completed by the end of the period covered by this report.
		The Protestant churches represented in the NECCOM are the National Council of Churches of the Philippines and the Council of Evangelical Churches of the Philippines.
		The Ulama League of the Philippines, an organization of Muslim religious groups, denounced the military's report tagging an Arabic teacher and two city hall workers as suspected ASG members and called for the establishment of sufficient evidence before linking Muslims with terror groups.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/irf/2004/35425.htm (4154 words)

	Western Resistance: Philippines: Army's Concerns Over Moro Islamic Liberation Front
		The aim of the MILF and also the other group from the region, MNLF (Moro National Liberation Front) is to have a homeland or autonomy for the ethnic Bangsaomoro people of Mindanao, who are almost exclusively Muslim.
		The recent peace deal was soon denounced by the Catholic mayor of Zamboanga City, Celso Lobregat, who claimed on October 24 that the government had offered a secret deal with MILF for an Islamic nation of Moro to secede from the Philippines nation on the island of Mindanao.
		Today, the Philippines Inquirer announces that the chief of the Armed Forces Southern Command, Lt General Edilberto Adan, has said that MILF is currently recruiting for war.
	www.westernresistance.com /blog/archives/001286.html (600 words)

	Terrorism - Terrorist Network - In the Spotlight: Moro Islamic Liberation Front
		The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in southern Philippines is now in the limelight for possible connection to al Qaeda, and for being an organ in the expansive association of terrorists in Southeast Asia who are together looming as a formidable threat to the international community.
		But on Feb. 12, the Philippine government and the MILF agreed in a joint statement to initiate coordination mechanisms to avoid a face-off during the joint exercises.
		The MILF was a matter of concern for the Philippines government long before recent discoveries of al Qaeda links brought it to the headlines.
	www.cdi.org /terrorism/moro.cfm (626 words)

	Special Warfare: Multiple insurgent groups complicate Philippine Security (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Claiming that all the factions are actually "money-seeking thugs" rather than ideologically oriented insurgents, the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, or GRP, officially refers to all insurgent groups as "bandits" rather than as terrorists or rebels.
		In spite of official protests to the contrary, the Philippines are indeed both a target and a producer of terrorism.
		The most serious insurgent threat in the Philippines is the militant arm of the Communist People's Party, known as the New People's Army, or NPA, which was founded in 1969.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0HZY/is_1_17/ai_n9543861 (366 words)

	An Enduring Freedom for the Moros
		Whilst originally a breakaway from the Moro (Muslims of the southern Philippines) independence movement, the 800-strong Abu Sayyaf has devolved into a gang of bandits whose primary objective seems to be lining their pockets with the proceeds of kidnapping tourists and missionaries.
		The struggle of the Moro people for freedom and self-determination is one of the longest, if not the longest, struggles in the history of mankind.
		From then on, the Moros were in a fight for their independence and freedom.
	www.twf.org /News/Y2002/0215-Moros.html (1015 words)

	philippines
		Under the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, the municipality/city government shall have jurisdiction over municipal waters and shall be responsible for the management, conservation, protection, utilization and disposition of all fish and fishery/aquatic resources within their respective municipal waters, in consultation with the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils (FARMC).
		It is stated in the national policies that the government shall grant the private sector the privilege to utilize the fishery resources at the same time serve as active participant and partner of the Government in the sustainable development, management, conservation and protection of the fishery and aquatic resources of the country.
		Under the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, the BFAR as a reconstituted line bureau under the DA and created the position of Undersecretary for Fisheries and Aquatic Resources solely for the purpose of attending to the needs of the fishing industry.
	www.fao.org /fi/fcp/en/PHL/body.htm (2453 words)

	The Bangsamoro Online - Moro Reading, History & Opinion
		This was what I discovered while sorting through the documents contained in the second volume on the Philippines of the Qing Dynasty Archive Materials on Southeast Asian countries.
		In the Philippines, the challenge lies not in integration of a minority into the mainstream life of the majority.
		It is to effect a synthesis, of acknowledging the element of Islam in the evolution of the Filipino identity and a national spirit and the crucial role of the Muslims in the struggle to keep the freedom of every Filipino.
	www.bangsamoro.info /modules/wfsection (830 words)

	Bansa Moro people resist oppression
		In 1946, the United States granted formal political independence to the Philippines, but the country continued to be tied down by unequal treaties and agreements.
		Under these circumstances, the Philippines changed from a colony to a neocolony of the United States and an appendage of the world capitalist system.
		Like the Palestinian people who were driven from their land, the Moro people have been driven out and replaced by other Filipino people from other regions who have received government assistance.
	www.workers.org /2005/world/philippines-1006 (1076 words)

	Accord Mindanao: The Tripoli Agreement
		Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Moro National Liberation Front with the Participation of the Quadripartite Ministerial Commission Members of the Islamic Conference and the Secretary General of the Organization of Islamic Conference.
		Authorities of the autonomy in the South of the Philippines shall have the right to set up schools, colleges and universities, provided that matters pertaining to the relationship between these educational and scientific organs and the general education system in the state shall be subject of discussion later on.
		A Mixed Committee shall be composed of representatives of the Central Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the representatives of the Moro National Liberation Front.
	www.c-r.org /accord/min/accord6/tripoli.shtml (1217 words)

	MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
		The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Philippine president Gloria Arroyo signed a peace agreement in June 2001.
		This development is a clear indication that the peace agreement between MILF and the Philippine government is currently being respected.
		Another round of peace negotiations between the MILF and the government of the Philippines to discuss ending the Muslim insurgency began in mid-April 2005 in Malaysia.
	www.tkb.org /Group.jsp?groupID=3631 (551 words)

	ReliefWeb » Document Preview » The Mindanao peace talks: Another opportunity to resolve the Moro conflict ...
		The peace talks between the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) that began in 1997 will enter the critical stage in February 2005 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia as the parties begin negotiations to arrive at a common understanding about the substantive issues of the conflict.
		Despite protests from hard-liners, the Philippine government repositioned its troops away from rebel strongholds and withdrew arrest warrants against the leaders of the MILF for alleged involvement in bombings throughout the country.
		The 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States brought new prominence to the Islamic militancy in the Philippines, particularly in Mindanao, the country's second largest island and the arena of the struggle for an independent Islamic state by the MILF.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/HMYT-69GSH7?OpenDocument (1131 words)

	Philippines
		The Department urges Americans who choose to travel to the Philippines to observe vigilant personal security precautions; to remain aware of the continued potential for terrorist attacks against Americans, U.S. or other Western interests in the Philippines, and to register with the U.S. Embassy.
		Americans who remain in the Philippines are strongly encouraged to register with the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Manila through the State Department's travel registration website, https://travelregistration.state.gov.
		US citizens should also consult the recent Public Announcement for the Philippines, the Department of State's Consular Information Sheet for the Philippines and the Worldwide Caution Public Announcement, located at http://travel.state.gov/ to obtain updated information on travel and security within the Philippines.
	travel.state.gov /travel/cis_pa_tw/tw/tw_2190.html (450 words)

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