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	Moscow theater hostage crisis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Moscow theater hostage crisis was the October 23, 2002 seizure of a crowded Moscow theatre by Chechen rebels, who took over 700 hostages and demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya.
		The head doctor of the Moscow public health department announced that all but one of the hostages that were killed in the raid had died of the effects of the unknown gas, rather than from gunshot wounds.
		While the siege was underway, the Russian government closed one television station, censored the coverage of another television station and a radio station, and publicly rebuked a newspaper for its coverage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moscow_Theatre_Siege (1721 words)

	October 2002 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Moscow theatre siege: Some medical experts now believe that the Moscow hostages and terrorists were gassed with a military incapacitating agent such as BZ or a similar substance.
		Moscow theatre siege: Special forces of the Russian army attacked the Chechen separatists who were holding hostages in a Moscow theater.
		Moscow theatre siege: The Chechen rebels holding hundreds of hostages in a Moscow theater shot and killed one captive and said they were ready to die for their cause, warning that thousands more of their comrades were "keen on dying."
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/October_2002 (2675 words)

	CNN.com - 140 die in theatre siege climax - Oct. 26, 2002
		It was a sudden end to the siege which began when armed Chechens took over the theatre, threatening to kill hostages unless Russia stopped its military campaign in the breakaway republic.
		Pictures taken inside the theatre by Russian television after the raid showed some bodies slumped in theatre seats or with their heads down on their arms as if they had passed out.
		Moscow blames Chechen militants, who say they are fighting for independence, for a series of bombings in Russia that killed more than 300 people.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/26/moscow.standoff (836 words)

	Moscow theater hostage crisis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On Wednesday, October 23, 2002, 40 Chechen terrorists seized a crowded Moscow theatre, taking over 700 hostages and demanding the withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya.
		The attack took place at the of the State Ball-Bearing Plant Number 1, a Moscow theater (named for its former owner) in the area.
		Nord-Ost Tragedy Goes On (http://english.mn.ru/english/issue.php?2004-41-2), Moscow News 2004 N.41 - a discussion of the long-term effects of the anaesthetic on the surviving hostages
	www.sevenhills.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Moscow_Theatre_Siege (1742 words)

	RTE News - Moscow court to examine siege claims
		A Moscow court is to start examining compensation claims lodged against the city authorities by former hostages from October's Moscow theatre siege.
		If the siege victims and their families are successful, city officials could face a bill of up to 40 million dollars.
		The Moscow government has denied responsibility for the tragedy in which more than 120 hostages died, mainly from the effects of a gas used by the police to knock out the Chechen hostage-takers.
	www.rte.ie /news/2002/1224/moscow.html (98 words)

	Moscow Theatre Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		During the Moscow Theatre Siege Chechen terrorists, led by Movsar Barayev, seized the House of Culture of the State Ball-Bearing Plant Number 1, a Moscow theater (so named because it was formerly owned by this bearing plant), during a sold out performance of Nord-Ost on Wednesday, October 23, 2002.
		During the Spetsnaz siege, many of the terrorists were shot in the head at point-blank range, indicating that they were executed after already losing consciousness to the gas.
		A German toxicology professor who examined several German hostages said that their blood and urine contained halothane, a surgical anesthetic not commonly used in the west, and that it was likely the gas had additional components.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/moscow_theatre_siege (1312 words)

	ESPN.com: OLY - Rogge: Russian tragedy will not have impact on 2012 bid
		LONDON -- Moscow's theatre siege in which 117 people died last week will not have a negative impact on the Russian capital's bid to stage the 2012 Olympics, International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Jacques Rogge has said.
		The worst hostage drama in Russia's history, when armed Chechen rebels seized a Moscow theatre and held some 800 hostages for nearly three days, highlighted the problems of security in the city.
		Moscow is one of several cities set to bid to stage the 2012 Summer Games, the venue of which will be decided in 2005.
	espn.go.com /oly/news/2002/1029/1452808.html (164 words)

	CNN.com - Seven freed from Moscow theater - Oct. 24, 2002
		Five hostages have been released from the Moscow theatre where about 700 are being held hostage.
		Several shooting incidents were reported in different parts of the five-storey theatre, a featureless modern building attached to a ball-bearing plant formerly known as the "Palace of Culture" after the gang burst in during the Russian musical "Nord-Ost" ("North-East").
		The U.S. Embassy in Moscow said a man called Thursday saying he is American and is being held in the theatre along with his fiancé and their child.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/24/moscow.siege (1251 words)

	Scotland on Sunday - International - Global terror warning after massacre ends Moscow siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		THE death toll from the Moscow theatre siege continued to rise last night as Russian officials confirmed that at least 90 hostages had died after special forces troops stormed the building.
		Chechen rebels took control of the theatre on Wednesday night during a musical, vowing to die for Chechnya’s independence and threatening to kill their captives unless Russia withdrew its troops from the war-ravaged region.
		Yesterday he visited some of the survivors in Moscow’s main emergency-care hospital, outside which scores of people waited to discover the fate of their loved-ones On Friday Putin had appeared on television to say he was open to talks with the Chechen guerrillas, but on his terms.
	scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com /international.cfm?id=1195712002 (822 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Moscow theatre siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		TWENTY more victims of October's Moscow hostage raid by Chechen rebels plan to join a lawsuit seeking compensation from the city government, bringing the total to 81, their lawyer said yesterday.
		A MOSCOW court yesterday rejected three lawsuits against the city brought by victims in the...
		EIGHT victims of the Moscow theatre siege yesterday took their claims for £4.7 million in...
	news.scotsman.com /topics.cfm?tid=615&page=2 (435 words)

	CNN.com - Dozens held in Moscow siege probe - Oct. 30, 2002
		The search is on in Russia for Chechen rebels after the catastrophic siege of a Moscow theater.
		Russian authorities investigating the Moscow theatre siege have detained dozens of people as the funerals continue for the 117 victims who died in the incident.
		Moscow's chief doctor said 115 hostages died from health problems stemming from a mystery gas pumped into the building just before Russian forces raided it by special forces early Saturday.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/30/moscow.funerals (794 words)

	Opium link to fatal Russia siege gas,funerals held
		MOSCOW, Oct 29 (Reuters) - A grieving Russia buried the first victims of the Moscow theatre siege on Tuesday, as it emerged that the mystery gas responsible for 115 hostage deaths may have been opium-based and not a nerve agent.
		Relief at the dramatic end to the siege quickly turned to anguish as the death toll climbed remorselessly and medical officials announced that only two hostages had been shot throughout the three-day ordeal.
		Hundreds of limp hostages were carried out of the Melnikova Street theatre unconscious and rushed to nearby hospitals, but doctors complained official secrecy meant they had not been told what antidote to use to revive the sick.
	www.namibian.com.na /2002/October/world/02921236F2.html (801 words)

	CNN.com - Chechen gunmen seize Moscow theatre - Oct. 23, 2002
		A loud explosion has been heard near the Moscow theatre where an estimated 40 to 50 armed hostage-takers demanding an end to the war in Chechnya have taken up to 700 people hostage.
		Valeri Girbakin, a spokesman for Moscow police, said there were women of "non-Slavic" nationalities among the armed contingent, some with explosives strapped to their bodies.
		Cell phone calls to Russian radio from inside the theatre said hostages put their number at more than a thousand, although authorities said 711 tickets had been sold for the performance.
	cnnstudentnews.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/23/russia.siege (1180 words)

	NZOOM - ONE News - World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The gas used to end the Moscow theatre siege was based on the powerful opiate fentanyl, Russian Health Minister Yuri Shevchenko says, ending a four-day mystery.
		But Andrei Seltsovsky, chairman of the health committee of the city of Moscow, said on Sunday he had received a call alerting him that there was an emergency only minutes before the first gased hostages were taken from the theatre.
		Moscow's top anaesthesiologist, Yevgeny Yevdokimov, told the same Sunday briefing that doctors could not give specific antidotes as they did not know what gas they were dealing with.
	onenews.nzoom.com /onenews_detail/0,1227,142820-1-9,00.html (560 words)

	Dubrovka Theater Siege - MN-FILES - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The siege began at about 9 p.m., when a blast was heard near the building and witnesses reported sounds of gunfire.
		Moscow has increasingly become a target of terrorist attacks, allegedly linked to militants who continue to press for Chechen independence from the Russian Federation.
		Villages such as Polukarpovo, which is halfway between Moscow and St Petersburg, line Russia’s country roads — mute and rotting witnesses to a population collapse that is eating out the heart of the world’s biggest country.
	www.mosnews.com /mn-files/dubrovka.shtml (1087 words)

	Moscow Siege Gas 'may Have Been Opiate'
		Russian special forces to end the Moscow theatre siege appeared to be an opium derivative.
		The information from the US embassy in Moscow was tentative, as the Russian government has thus far refused to identify the gas pumped into the theatre on Saturday in a bid to free around 750 people being held hostage by Chechen rebels.
		Moscow health officials confirmed today that only two hostages died of gunshot wounds, while 116 others were killed by the unidentified gas used to knock out the heavily armed terrorists.
	www.buzzle.com /editorials/10-29-2002-29163.asp (560 words)

	Observer \| Women at heart of the terror cells
		From Aset to Zulikhan, exotic Chechen women's names are familiar from the Dubrovka theatre siege in 2002 and the rock concert suicide bombs at Tushino last summer.Within minutes of news breaking of the Beslan siege last week, it was apparent that women were among the terrorists.
		The survivors of the three-day Dubrovka theatre siege in October 2002, where 18 of the 50 terrorists were women, are among those who have suffered at the hands of the fl widows.
		Nastya Kruglikova, 21, a student at Moscow's Institute of Foreign Languages, survived the Moscow theatre siege with her mother and aunt.
	observer.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5008682-102275,00.html (982 words)

	Red Cross Red Crescent - News
		Their work has been tinged with personal tragedy, with the discovery that one of the 117 hostages killed was a senior RRC officer.
		Moscow health officials say nearly 650 rescued hostages are still being treated after inhaling a gas that has yet to be identified, which was pumped into the building by security personnel.
		Meanwhile, RRC staff and volunteers are working in Moscow hospitals, providing psychological support to those involved in the siege.
	www.ifrc.org /docs/news/02/02102801 (519 words)

	ISN Security Watch - Chechen civilians fear Russian reprisals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Moscow's determination to root out those connected to the theatre hostage tragedy sparks fears in Chechnya.
		Chechnya is being hit by a wave of these in the aftermath of the October 23-26 Moscow theatre siege, blamed on a group of Chechen rebels led by the warlord Movsar Baraev.
		Although the Moscow media named November 4 as the date when the clampdown would begin, federal troops had already conducted scores of raids targeting specific residences, blocks and entire communities during the previous week.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /news/sw/details_print.cfm?id=5271 (1041 words)

	Russian London / Hostage lessons learned? /
		So when rebels seized a Moscow theatre in October 2002, the issue at stake was how, with the world's gaze bearing down, to end the siege without risking 700 lives - and without cowing to the militants.
		The toll is thought to have been increased due to the fact that there were few doctors on standby at the theatre, and that those treating victims at the hospital were not told what it was that had filled their patients' lungs.
		It is thought that no civilians were summarily executed during the Moscow theatre siege, although hostages were shot.
	www.russianlondon.com /print/21970 (803 words)

	The Scotsman - International - Unrepentant Putin goes on offensive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		RUSSIAN president Vladimir Putin was boldly unrepentant yesterday over using a secret, deadly gas to break the Moscow theatre siege, warning that he would again meet terror with extreme force.
		Kremlin officials yesterday sought to confirm the early insistence of doctors that the gas used was an anaesthetic gas in the face of widespread speculation at home and overseas yesterday that it was probably developed in Russia’s secret Cold War chemical weapons programmes.
		Western officials in Moscow concurred that it was probably an opiate, a sedative narcotic containing opium.
	thescotsman.scotsman.com /international.cfm?id=1202442002 (699 words)

	Breaking News: Few dare to question Putin after siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A western diplomat in Moscow said the lack of criticism from world leaders was "understandable bearing in mind the international war against terrorism".
		Stunned Russians mourned the victims of the country’s latest deadly disaster today, shocked that nearly all those who died in a hostage crisis were victims of the gas used to knock out their assailants - but relieved that hundreds of others were saved.
		Moscow doctors said the 116 hostages who died after special forces raided the theatre and killed their Chechen rebel captors succumbed to the gas, a compound that today remained secret even to medical workers fighting to save people weakened after 58 hours in captivity.
	breaking.tcm.ie /2002/10/28/story74518.html (886 words)

	Aljazeera.Net - Siege victims blame Russian authorities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A year after the Moscow theatre siege that left 170 people dead, relatives of the victims say the Russian government did not do enough to save lives.
		Russian special forces stormed the theatre three days later, after pumping in a debilitating gas that killed 129 hostages, in addition to the 41 hostage-takers.
		After the siege, the Moscow mayor's office made payments of between $1500 and $3000 to victims of the hostage-taking.
	english.aljazeera.net /NR/exeres/2C81C514-8E4B-4887-9385-B22859E62037.htm (496 words)

	CTV.ca \| Moscow siege survivors poisoned by gas
		CTV News has learned that a mysterious gas used to knock out Chechen guerrillas in the Moscow theatre siege may have killed some of the hostages it was meant to help.
		Many survivors of the theatre siege are suffering from gas poisoning and reports abound that security forces who stormed the building first pumped in a paralyzing nerve agent.
		Ending the siege is seen as a major win for Putin, who had cancelled a trip to the APEC summit in Mexico to oversee the brewing crisis.
	www.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1035637207433_90 (903 words)

	Chechnya: Theatre of Terror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Moscow theatre siege and the targeting of civilians cannot be condoned, but must be understood in the context of Russia's terroristic and cruel campaign in Chechnya, in which over 100,000 civilians have lost their lives in recent years.
		The 'successful liberation' of the Moscow theatre might be seen as a microcosm of the Russian strategy for 'liberating' Chechnya itself, where there have been several hollow proclamations of victory since 1999.
		In Moscow and other cities, Chechens - and others of Caucasian appearance - have long been subjected to discrimination: in a 1999 report, Amnesty International documents police persecution, expulsion of Chechens from Moscow, and denial of registration to those displaced by the conflict.
	www.c-r.org /ccts/ccts20/chechnya.htm (1393 words)

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