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Topic: Most favoured nation clause

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Most favoured nation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia If a country has been given most favoured nation status by a trading partner, its exports to that partner will face tariffs that are no higher and no lower than tariffs faced by any other country that has been given most favoured nation status by that same trading partner. In the 1990s continued most favoured nation status for China sparked U.S. controversy because of its sales of sensitive military technology and its use of prison labor, and its most favoured nation status was only made permanent in 2000. Most favoured nation (MFN, called normal trade relations in the USA) is a status accorded by one nation to another in international trade. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Most_favoured_nation   (672 words)

GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES The most- favoured- nation treatment (MFN) is a general obligation applying to all services sectors and one of the most important pillars for achieving trade liberalization in the multilateral trading system. Most developing countries are not in a position to benefit from the commercial presence mode of supply, given the high cost of establishment in developed countries and the weaknesses of the developing countries' firms in terms of financial and human capital and access to distribution networks and information channels and technology. The emphasis of most commitments put forward by all countries including the developed countries is on commercial presence mode of supply and movement of persons in the form of intra-corporate transferees. www.southcentre.org /publications/gats/gats-04.htm   (4312 words)

ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Most-Favoured-Nation Clause Most-Favoured-Nation Clause, clause within a commercial treaty which stipulates that all signatories be accorded equal rights and privileges. The most-favoured-nation clause stipulates that a nation will extend to other signatories treatment comparable to that accorded to any other nation... ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Most-Favoured-Nation Clause au.encarta.msn.com /Most-Favoured-Nation_Clause.html   (84 words)

Draft Articles on Most-Favoured-Nation Clauses* The exercise of rights arising under a most-favoured-nation clause for the beneficiary State or for persons or things in a determined relationship with that State is subject to compliance with the relevant terms and conditions laid down in the treaty containing the clause or otherwise agreed between the granting State and the beneficiary State. A land-locked beneficiary State is entitled under a most-favoured nation clause to the rights and facilities extended by the granting State to a land-locked third State in order to facilitate its access to and from the sea only if the subject-matter of the clause is the facilitation of access to and from the sea. The exercise of rights arising under a most-favoured-nation clause for the beneficiary State or for persons or things in a determined relationship with that State is subject to compliance with the relevant laws and regulations of the granting State. www.un.org /law/ilc/texts/mfn.htm   (1419 words)

Search Results for clause - Encyclopædia Britannica The “national treatment&; clause in trade agreements was designed to ensure that internal fiscal or administrative regulations would not introduce discrimination of a nontariff nature. Until 1978 the main insuring clause of modern ocean marine policies was preserved almost unchanged from the original 1779 Lloyd's of London form. Clause in the 1st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbidding... www.britannica.com /search?query=clause&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT   (459 words)

Will We Still Be a Democracy It could forbid nations from discriminating against, or even distinguishing between, sustainable or unsustainable harvest timber; or organic or conventionally grown food. Presently 51 largest economies in the world are corporate economies, companies whose volume of business is greater than that of governments of nations. Through the MAI those corporations can sue governments if their ability to profit is affected by environmental laws or labour laws which governments pass to protect the public they are elected to represent. www.smokylake.com /cathy/democracy.htm   (544 words)

SUMMARY: Rights of Nationals of the United States of America in Morocco, Judgment - 27 August 1952 Its rights in this connection, which were acquired solely by the effect of the most-favoured-nation clause, came to an end with the termination by Great Britain of all its rights and privileges of a capitulatory character by the Franco-British Convention of 1937. The proceedings in the case concerning rights of nationals of the United States of America in Morocco were instituted against the United States by an Application of the Government of the French Republic. The application to nationals of the United States of the Residential Decree of December 30th, 1948, by which imports without official allocation of currency (imports from the United States) were, in the French Zone of Morocco, subjected to a system of licensing control; www.icj-cij.org /icjwww/idecisions/isummaries/ifussummary520827.htm   (822 words)

UNHCR - Ad Hoc Committee on Statelessness and Related Problems, First Session: Summary Record of the Tenth Meeting Held at Lake Success, New York, on Tuesday, 24 January 1950, at 2:30 p.m. In considering whether refugees should be treated in accordance with the most-favoured-nation clause, the Committee should bear in mind that that clause had been introduced by countries as a means of obtaining equal treatment for their nationals abroad. The Committee should follow the practice of many nations and fix a permanent status for the refugee in matters of movable and immovable property which would be equal and not inferior to that enjoyed by foreigners under most-favoured-nation clauses. CHA (China) declared that he would prefer the criterion of "most-favoured nation" to be used rather than that of the "most favourable treatment", for while the latter was vague and thus open to varying interpretations., the former was a well-known concept with which most nations, including his won, were thoroughly familiar. www.unhcr.ch /cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home/opendoc.htm?tbl=PROTECTION&id=40aa1c224&page=protect   (3125 words)

TRIPS - Main Provisions of the TRIPs Agreement The Agreement thus introduces the `competition test' for the purpose of verifying and curbing the use of restrictive clauses, as proposed by industrialized countries during the long and unsuccessful negotiations under UNCTAD auspices on an international code of conduct for the transfer of technology. The Agreement reaffirms the well-established principle of `national treatment', which means that the nationals of any country member of the Agreement are to be treated in the same way as nationals of the country where protection is granted. These principles are meant to end discrimination, both between foreigners and nationals and between nationals of different countries, which arises when IPRs are granted only to the nationals of the country that pressed for them (as for example in the case of the recognition of pharmaceutical patents in South Korea). www.southcentre.org /publications/trips/tripsmaintexttrans-02.htm   (2507 words)

w114.doc Types of measures to which the national treatment principle applies With regard to the national treatment principle as embodied in the GATT, the provisions of Article III:4 are probably most relevant to the area of competition law and policy. Scope of the national treatment principle This section looks at two aspects of the scope of the national treatment principle as it is embodied in the three main WTO Agreements: the beneficiaries of national treatment; and the types of measures to which it applies. This means that certain persons who are not nationals are assimilated to nationals for this purpose, for example, in the area of industrial property, persons who have a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in a WTO Member and, in the area of copyright, persons who first publish a work in a WTO Member. www.wto.org /english/tratop_e/comp_e/w114.doc   (6783 words)

General Agreement on Trade in Services - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The basic WTO principle of most favoured nation (MFN) applies to GATS as well. The GATS document has been criticized for allegedly replacing the authority of national legislature, with the authority of the GATS Disputes Panel. For a long time, no need was seen for a trade agreement in services since large segments of the services economy have traditionally been considered as domestic activities that are difficult to trade over borders, e.g. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/GATS   (504 words)

bastiaen.html Technically speaking it means the refusal to commit oneself to a liberalisation of audiovisual services and the upholding of exemption to the most favoured nation clause in this sector. To preserve what has been gained in the Marrakech round namely, "cultural exception" which implies that audiovisual works cannot be treated as merchandise and more specifically that the "most favoured nation" clause cannot be applied to audiovisual and cinematographic works. Most WTO members have cultural policies to support the creation, production and distribution of audiovisual works. www.fera-matin.org /fera/textes/bastiaen.html   (742 words)

The Ultimate Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - American History Information Guide and Reference The WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) is an international treaty which sets down minimum standards for most forms of intellectual property regulation within all member countries of the WTO. National exceptions to copyright (such as "fair use" in the United States) must be tightly constrained. The obligations under TRIPs apply equally to all member states, however developing countries are allowed a longer period in which to implement the applicable changes to their national laws. www.historymania.com /american_history/TRIPS   (1193 words)

IRAQ'S GENESIS AND CURRENT STATUS IN DOCUMENTS It may be asked whether the dissolution of the League of Nations, which involved the removal of the guarantee constituted by the League of Nations control over the fulfilment of the obligations, does not constitute a normal cause of extinction of the obligations. All Iraqi nationals shall be equal before the law and shall enjoy the same civil and political rights without distinction as to race, language or religion. Iraq was one of the territories described in Article 22 of the Covenant as having reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations could be provisionally recognised subject to the rendering of administrative advice and assistance by a mandatory until such time as they were able to stand alone. www.solami.com /a3a.htm   (5780 words)

The Nassau Guardian Online Guide Relating this clause to The Bahamas, Mr Deveaux explained that under the most favoured nation (MFN) clause, hotel operators on the Cable Beach strip would be justified in requesting the same concessions as those granted to the Kerzner group. He added that most of the 34 countries involved in FTAA have indicated that they will not sign on to FTAA unless they can determine that there will be some benefit for the economies of their respective jurisdictions. "It's also interesting to note that no referendum was sought on the Bahamas' membership in the United Nations, the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, CARICOM or the Caribbean Development Bank." www.thenassauguardian.com /business/282505122806038.php   (582 words)

Trade Barriers (con't) In the 1930’s during the depression, most governments substantially restricted trade in an effort to protect domestic jobs. The most recent round (The Uruguay Round in 1995) established the World Trade Organization (WTO), which superseded the GATT secretariat. In 1947, many of the world’s developed nations entered the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). pacific.commerce.ubc.ca /ruckman/barriers(cont).htm   (1398 words)

GATS: opposing liberalisation of public services under the WTO's aegis Petition Concessions to any member state must be granted to all, under the "most favoured nation" clause. Members of the European and national Parliaments will only have their say at the very end of the process, when negotiations are completed. As we wish to improve the situation in this respect and to preserve or restore the efficiency of key public services we ask our MPs (members of national parliaments) and MEPs (members of European parliament) to sign a petition demanding: www.petitiononline.com /gats_en/petition.html   (605 words)

The MagicBox Forums - Free Trade Essay Twenty-three nations around the world singed on as members and collectively knocked down thousands of tariff laws on many products that are traded hundreds of times a day. Of course is a company that’s moving billions of dollars through the economy leaves, it would easily throw a developing nation in to crisis so they have but any choose to let them abuse their land. If the accused nation is found guilty they have within 60 days to comply with the judgement or appeal it. www.the-magicbox.com /forums/showthread.php?t=10066   (1837 words)

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT FACT SHEETS - 6.3.12. SAARC The countries of southern Asia Europe is the South Asian countries' most important trading partner and a major export market. The situation of the religious minorities, some of whose members have been arrested, held without reason and sentenced to long terms of imprisonment, is very uncertain. The long-term goal is to create a free trade area which will comprise 1.2 billion consumers, practically one-fifth of the world population. www.europarl.eu.int /factsheets/6_3_12_en.htm   (1526 words)

Historacle - Web Log for The Historical Society As for the system itself, "The most-favoured-nation clause and synchronous expiration of many treaties gave European commercial diplomacy multilateral implications after 1860; but they were nothing more than implications" (210). While it is true that Britain maintained some tariffs against European nations, and many more in protection of India and other parts of the Empire, London’s dogma of free trade at first inspired a European trade system, but then ironically ravished Britain’s role in that system. Furthermore, Marsh provides what is now the single most comprehensive account of the evolution of the European trade network of the day. www.bu.edu /historic/historacle/ch/marsh.html   (1413 words)

Issue1text.doc The key provisions of the MAI are the application of the most-favoured-nation clause to signatories of the MAI, and the stipulation that the signatories must not discriminate between national and foreign investors, and must forswear the power to control international payments and personnel exchanges tied to border-crossing investments. The most important argument for free international capital flows seems – at least to this observer – to be that such mobility controls the arbitrary powers of the rulers, as well as of organised special interest groups and monopolies. It says that a favour extended to citizens of one nation has to be automatically extended to all signatories who join the ‘MAI family.’ This rule prohibits political discrimination between the citizens of different MAI countries, thereby avoiding many conflicts amongst signatories and preventing the unforeseeable side effects of specific interventions. www.cis.org.au /IssueAnalysis/IA1.htm   (10793 words)

Most favoured nation clause A most favoured nation (MFN) clause is a clause in trade agreement between two nations providing that will extend to the other any trading it extends to third nations. Probable trade and employment effects of the United States granting most favored nation status to the USSR a survey of issues and estimates (SuDoc L 29.15:34) MFN clauses generally subject to exceptions for free trade areas and customs unions. www.freeglossary.com /Most_favoured_nation_clause   (282 words)

sfinal.htm Which of the following is true of Article I of the GATT, the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) clause? all WTO members receive the same tariff rates as the most favoured nation WTO members must import from only the most favoured nation pacific.commerce.ubc.ca /john/baim503/sfinal.htm   (704 words)

PPT Slide Most Favoured Nation (MFN) clause (Article I of GATT) ensures that imports from all sources are subject to the same treatment National Treatment (NT) clause (Article III of GATT) ensures non-discrimination between domestic and imported goods National environmental protection policies must not be adopted with a view to arbitrarily discriminating between foreign and domestically produced like products, or between like products imported from different trading partners r0.unctad.org /trade_env/rene/module2/tsld021.htm   (66 words)

Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2002-255 Moreover, Vidéotron justifies the reductions through reference to the most favoured nation clause in the agreement between Vidéotron and RDS, claiming that RDS has given a preference to a competitor, namely ExpressVu. The letters stated that because Netstar/RDS was tolerating ExpressVu’s practice of offering multiple terminals for a single subscription, Vidéotron was justified in implementing the most favoured nation clause contained in the affiliation agreement between the parties by unilaterally imposing two reductions in the negotiated fee set out in the agreement. According to Vidéotron, the fact that Netstar/RDS had tolerated this practice justifies Vidéotron's application of the most favoured nation clause set out in the affiliation agreement with RDS, and the consequent reduction of the payments to RDS. www.crtc.gc.ca /archive/ENG/Decisions/2002/db2002-255.htm   (2569 words)

CFO Europe So, too, can a clause in a contract defining a notice period--in France, salary received during that time will be taxed as regular income and the employer also has to pay social charges. Sands says that contracts in France may have a clause outlining procedures should a firm decide to terminate an executive's employment because of a faute, or error. But other clauses weren't included--for example, a non-compete agreement. www.cfoeurope.com /displaystory.cfm/1736301   (733 words)

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