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Topic: Motion blur

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	A Human's Eye View: Motion Blur and Frameless Rendering
		Motion blur is the effect that arises when a camera shutter remains open for an extended period of time (see "time" footnote") and the motion that has occurred over this interval is visible in a single snapshot.
		Motion blur is useful for performing temporal anti-aliasing and for imitating the behavior of a camera shutter.
		Motion acceleration: Object acceleration is correlated with an inability to eye-track at the same rate as the motion [4].
	www.acm.org /crossroads/xrds3-4/ellen.html (3719 words)

	Motion blur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation.
		Because the effect is caused by the relative motion of the camera, object and scene being imaged, the camera may be used to track moving objects by panning the camera such that even with long exposure times motion blur is avoided on the moving object but instead appears on the background.
		For this reason special cameras are often used which eliminate motion blurring by taking rapid exposures on the order of 1/1000 of a second, and then transmitting them over the course of the next 1/25 or 1/30 of a second.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Motion_blur (583 words)

	Image - Motion Blur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Blurs the image as if moved diagonally on the upper left / lower right axis by the specified number of pixels.
		Blurs the image as if moved horizontally by the specified number of pixels.
		Blurs the image as if moved vertically by the specified number of pixels.
	www.manifold.net /doc/700/image_motion_blur.htm (410 words)

	LightWave[6] NoteBook: Vector Blur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Motion Blur is an photographic effect which blurs objects in motion.
		Vector blur has its limits because it implies that the speed vector is constant over the frame, this assumption is true in many cases but will be wrong for curved motions.
		The strength of the blur and the direction are taken from the motion in the scene.
	www.francesdose.com /arnie/l6notebookvectorblur.htm (1049 words)

	Motion Indicators
		While motion blur is an intuitive way to describe movement, it has its drawbacks: it takes up quite a bit of screen real estate and loses much of the information present in the original image.
		In many cases, this is a simplified form of motion blur, with lines streaking behind the moving object.
		At the same time, motion lines have many degrees of freedom that can be mapped to qualities of the motion: length, width, frequency, color, opacity, etc. In the following examples, we explore a small subset of this space to demonstrate the power of these techniques, which would all be impossible to create with traditional photography.
	www.cs.washington.edu /homes/antoine/videoVis/motion.html (1033 words)

	Motion Blur
		Motion blur is a basic requirement for any high quality renderer.
		Although our renderer's implementation of motion blur is physically very accurate---for instance, our motion blur accurately portrays curved trajectories and captures highlights that appear in the middle of a motion blur streak (something that many other architectures, including prman's, fail to do)---we were willing to sacrifice some of that accuracy for speed.
		The cost of this interpolation is minimal; it is dwarfed by the cost of constructing the non-shaded geometry of the triangles along the motion blur trajectory.
	www.rhythm.com /~ivan/mb.html (726 words)

	Motion Blurs in flash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In this tutorial you will be shown how to create the simple effect of motion using a blurred graphic to give the effect of an object moving at a fast pace.
		Either way, add a Motion Blur (Once you find it!) and make sure the effect is applied so that the text looks like it is moving in from the right.
		So what we have done is used the blurred image for the on and off segments and then use the static text for the bit in the middle.
	www.lionbichstudios.com /flash_tutorials_basic_motionblur.htm (473 words)

	3dfx Archive - 3dfx Technology: Motion Blur
		Motion blur can both remove the jerkiness from a computer-generated animation and create the illusion of enhanced speed and motion.
		3dfx's motion blur feature simulates an object's motion during the period of time that each frame is displayed on the screen.
		Moving objects are blurred, just as they are in real film, to enable very smooth and continuous motion.
	digilander.libero.it /F1Land/3dfxarchive/develop/tech/motionblur.html (368 words)

	TGLTLSBFSSP: Motion Blur
		Motion blur is an effect you will see in photographs of scenes where objects are moving.
		We are all so used to seeing motion blur in TV programs and films, that to see motion without it looks a little unrealistic.
		The lack of motion blur is one of the (many) reasons that computer generated animation can look unreal.
	freespace.virgin.net /hugo.elias/graphics/x_motion.htm (1723 words)

	Motion Blur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		To activate motion blur when using comp settings, the comp motion blur switch must be on and the layer motion blur switch must be on.
		When motion blur is active the particle is "smeared" out and can loose its strength (become less opaque).
		When this mode is selected, the motion blur from the explosion is unnafected by the fact that time in effect stands still.
	www.trapcode.com /help/particular/motion_blur.html (392 words)

	Image-Based Motion Blur for Stop Motion Animation - Brostow & Essa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Stop motion animation is a well-established technique where still pictures of static scenes are taken and then played at film speeds to show motion.
		A major limitation of this method appears when fast motions are desired; most motion appears to have sharp edges and there is no visible motion blur.
		Appearance of motion blur is a strong perceptual cue, which is automatically present in live-action films, and synthetically generated in animated sequences.
	www-static.cc.gatech.edu /gvu/perception/projects/blur (206 words)

	Motion Blur \| Frame zero, time zero and the fence post error
		Maybe you've noticed that the first and last frames of your animated sequences have only half the motion blur you'd expect, or that the last frame of your sequences have no motion blur at all.
		Maybe you can solve this problem by dropping the first frame's motion blur — or dropping the last frame's blur, or by centering the blur over every frame's position, but with the additional measure of cutting off the first half of the first frame's blur, and the last half of the last frame's blur.
		This problem, though deeply ingrained in the minds of most animators, is a minor off-by-one "fencepost error," so named because it is analgous to thinking of frames as vertical fence posts, rather than as the horizontal rails between them.
	www.digitalartform.com /motionBlur.htm (1343 words)

	Director Online Article: Motion Blur, Part I: Multiple Sprites
		Motion blur using imaging lingo which will be covered in part 2.
		The first blur trick (using multiple sprites) is the easier of the two possible solutions presented above, and can be done in Director 7 and up.
		While the leader is in motion, half the transparent sprites must precede the moving sprite and the other half should trail behind.
	director-online.com /buildArticle.php?id=962 (570 words)

	Detail Texture Motion Blur
		The blur is controlled by a pair of direction and amount parameters, so in total this is a 4 dimensional problem.
		Because a directional blur is symmetrical between forwards or backwards motion, we only need to bother with half of the circle, so 64 different images allows one for every 2.8 degree change in direction.
		The blurred image width can be dropped to 32 pixels with negligible quality loss, and often as low as 16 or even 8, taking the total data size down to as little 128 or 256k.
	www.talula.demon.co.uk /detail_blur/detail_blur.html (2613 words)

	Dr. Dobb's \| Motion Blur Effects \| July 22, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Usually, the cause of the blur is the subject moving through the camera's field of view, the camera shutter being set on a long exposure, the lens aperture not letting in enough light, or the film's ISO rating (film speed) being too low.
		In other words, creating two blurred sequences in which the blur window is 4 and 6, respectively, creates sequences in which the amount of motion contributing to the blur is 4/30 and 6/30, respectively.
		From this example, it is apparent that the rate of motion blur in each final frame relative to the original is a fraction in which the denominator is controlled by the oversampling rate and the numerator is controlled by the blur depth.
	www.ddj.com /184410230 (1271 words)

	electricsheep » Motion Blur
		Motion blur for animation is controlled with the temporal_samples parameter.
		If they are moving fast enough, then the blur breaks apart and you can see a stroboscopic effect.
		You can also create motion blur by increasing the number of batches.
	electricsheep.wikispaces.com /Motion+Blur (311 words)

	kirupa.com - Zoom Motion-Blur Transition
		At first, this transition may appear to be hand-held video footage or perhaps manipulation of z space coupled with some motion blur done in After Effects.
		After you have created your images, you are ready to apply the blur effect on each image.
		However, before we apply the blur, create copies of the first and last images and rename them 'first.png' and 'final.png'.
	www.kirupa.com /developer/flash8/zoom_motion_blur.htm (446 words)

	2.5. Motion Blur
		Linear motion is a blur that travels in a single direction, horizontally, for example.
		The Radial motion blur is similar to the effect of a spinning object.
		The center of the image remains relatively calm, whilst the outer areas become blurred toward the center.
	manual.gimp.org /en/plug-in-mblur.html (343 words)

	Motion Blur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Certain subjects, however, are most effectively photographed by deliberately capturing the blur.
		Background blur - move (pan or tilt) the camera with the subject.
		People in action generally require a slower than average shutter speed (1/50th of a second or longer.) High speed subjects such as a race car or a roadrunner moving across the camera view, may blur at 1/500.
	www.azuswebworks.com /photography/blur.html (173 words)

	Formula One Photos Images Pictures Photographs F1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Here at Motion Blur, we try to show you a varied sample of the vast number of Formula One photos we have taken over the years.
		All photographs, text and html coding appearing in the Motion Blur Formula One Photography site are the exclusive intellectual property of Andy Lees/Motion Blur and are protected under international copyright laws.
		In the event that an infringement is discovered you will be notified and invoiced the industry-standard TRIPLE FEE for unauthorized usage and/or prosecuted for Copyright Infringement, where you will be subject to a statutory damages fine as well as all court costs and lawyers fees.
	www.andylees.com (661 words)

	Review - ReelSmart Motion Blur 1.8.1 - ReelSmart - Video Gogh for After Effects 2.5
		ReelSmart Motion Blur and Video Gogh are native After Effects plug ins that work in all programs which accept AE plug-ins.
		Reel Smart Motion Blur has the ability to set a variable amount of blur as well as even to remove blur from a clip.
		A setting of 0 means no blur, 1 means normal blur, more than one obviously increases the amount of blur and a negative setting removes blur.
	www.kenstone.net /fcp_homepage/review_gogh_motion_blur.html (938 words)

	Motion Blur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This is unrealistic, since fast moving objects do appear to be 'moving', that is, blurred by their own motion, both in a movie frame and in a photograph from a 'real world camera'.
		To obtain such a Motion Blur effect, Blender can be made to render the current frame and some more frames, in between the real frames, and merge them all together to obtain an image where fast moving details are 'blurred'.
		If Motion Blur is active, even if nothing is moving on the scene, Blender actually 'jitters' the camera a little between an 'intermediate' frame and the next.
	www.blender.org /modules/documentation/htmlI/x8480.html (513 words)

	Add motion blur technique
		Motion blur is a great way to add some energy to your images.
		You can blur the edges of the picture even more if you want a really radical effect try using a value of 100.
		Try to keep the blurred area just overlapping the edges of the Mini as this will give a really effective sense of speed.
	www.ephotozine.com /techniques/viewtechnique.cfm?recid=188 (785 words)

	Motion Blur with Shutter Angle and Phase Settings
		Bill O'Neil demonstrates the use of After Effects 5.5's Motion Blur with shutter angle and phase settings to create a 'smear' of color that will become one of the most useful clips in your digital spice rack.
		When a motion picture camera is running, a half disc (180 degrees) spins in front of the gate allowing light to pass through for the length of a frame.
		When you are satisfied with motion and glow settings of your light storm, render it out with its alpha.
	www.creativecow.net /articles/oneil_bill/motion_blur/index.html (876 words)

	Motion Blur?
		Actually, you are moving both objects simultaneously, because anytime ANY ray intersects the object (even a reflected ray, or a shadow ray, or transmitted ray, etc) the blur calculations are performed.
		Associating motion with the object itself is a good idea, though.
		I guess I thought of making a new object to increase the ease of POV implementation, but now that I think about it, I can't think of any real reasons NOT to do it in the object definition itself.
	www.irtc.org /pipermail/irtc-l/1998-October/006648.html (873 words)

	- Motion Blur in PSP7
		I'd suggest applying a very subtle motion blur (just a single pixel or so) to the plane as well as whatever you do to the backdrop or things will look a bit weird.
		Likewise I selectively blurred the result using the blur tool to show a badly developed image by hand too.
		Finally I painted in an indistinct couple of dark shapes along the bottom to indicate something - could be a bit of clothing or the framework of the aircraft from which the photo was taken, or a cloud's shadow.
	www.netwings.org /dcforum/DCForumID21/100.html (1063 words)

	kirupa.com - Motion Blur: Special FX in Flash
		Now, Using the Text tool Type in the text you plan to use in your flash movie(be sure to remember the Font and font size you are using).
		In this case we will use the words "motion blur" and a font size of 20.
		text is moving at even higher speeds, simply adjust the settings to Blur the text by 24 or 34 pixels.
	www.kirupa.com /developer/flash5/motionblur.htm (519 words)

	Documentation: Really Cheap Targa Motion Blur
		Really Cheap Targa Motion Blur is a 32-bit Windows utility designed to take a numbered series of input Targa files, average groups of them together, and then output the resulting data as a new image, in order to simulate motion blur.
		This produces a blur effect which is more suitable for still images than the Even Weighting method, as it provides contextual clues to the direction of motion.
		In real-world cinematography, motion blur is produced when an object is moving too quickly for a camera to get a crystal-clear image.
	www.shipbrook.com /jeff/motionblur/docs.html (985 words)

	ReelSmart Motion Blur Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Note that the face on the chair is an animated texture map (used as a displacment map).
		In particular notice the motion blur on the corn in the field surrounding the forgreound character.
		In this example, the camera shake of the footage was correctly motion blurred using RSMB Pro 3.
	www.revisionfx.com /mblurgal.htm (285 words)

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