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	Molecular motors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Molecular motors are biological "nanomachines" and are the essential agents of movement in living organisms.
		One important difference between molecular motors and macroscopic motors is that molecular motors operate in the thermal bath, an environment where thermal noise is significant relative to the motor's energy consumption.
		Because the motor events are stochastic, molecular motors are often modeled with the Fokker-Planck equation or with Monte Carlo methods.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Motor_protein (510 words)

	Heterotrimeric Kinesin II Is the Microtubule Motor Protein Responsible for Pigment Dispersion in Xenopus Melanophores ...
		of Xenopus kinesin-like protein 3 (Xklp3), the 95-kD motor subunit
		to be the motor responsible for pigment dispersion.
		Characterization of the KIF3C neural kinesin-like motor from mouse.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/143/6/1547 (7467 words)

	Molecular motor
		Molecular motor, protein or protein complex that transforms chemical energy into mechanical work at a molecular (nanometer) scale.
		Motor proteins move in eukaryotic cells along filaments (actin filaments, microtubules) - periodic and relatively rigid protein structures with a periodicity of the order of 10 nanometers.
		Some of the known motors are myosin that moves along actin filaments, and kinesin and dynein that move along microtubules (tubulin filaments).
	nanoatlas.ifs.hr /molecular_motor.html (136 words)

	Biological Motor Powered Nanomechanical Devices
		The impact of motor generated waste products (i.e., protons and heat), as well as the effects of load on the performance and life of the motor need to be identified.
		The activity of the purified protein was measured using an ATP regeneration assay (Matsui and Yoshida, 1995; Matsui et al., 1997).
		Motor performance must be evaluated as a function of heat, pH, load, and local environmental conditions.
	www.foresight.org /Conferences/MNT6/Papers/Montemagno/index.html (2488 words)

	Mechanisms of Motor Protein Transport (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A group of catalytic proteins, known as motor proteins, such as kinesins, dyneins, myosins, DNA and RNA polymerases operate in biological cells by consuming energy provided by ATP hydrolysis.
		Current experimental techniques allow measurements of biochemical and mechanical properties of motor proteins with single-molecule precision.
		We are developing stochastic models of the motion of motor proteins which take into consideration the biochemical complexity of theses processes.
	python.rice.edu /~kolomeisky/transport.htm (128 words)

	InterPro: IPR000090 Flagellar motor switch protein FliG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		This result is consistent with other evidence suggesting that the proteins may be peripheral to the membrane, possibly mounted on the basal body M ring [ 3, 4 ].
		Both the protein accession number and the protein overview match are clickable and return the detailed matches view for the protein.
		The protein entries in the examples, have a match status of TRUE, and illustrate as far as possible the diversity in taxonomy, structure and function of the proteins in the InterPro entry.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR000090 (3117 words)

	Science Update: Cellular Motor
		Special proteins, sometimes called cellular motors, perform an essential role in the formation and maintenance of cellular cilia, which perform many important functions in various cell and tissue types.
		Another motor protein, dynein, returns the rafts to their point of origin.
		This is the first time intracellular transport of a motor and its cargo have ever been recorded in a living system.
	www.accessexcellence.org /WN/SU/motor499.html (313 words)

	The Kinesin-like Motor Protein KIF1C Occurs in Intact Cells as a Dimer and Associates with Proteins of the 14-3-3 ...
		The Kinesin-like Motor Protein KIF1C Occurs in Intact Cells as a Dimer and Associates with Proteins of the 14-3-3 Family -- Dorner et al.
		Proteins of the kinesin superfamily are regulated in their motor activity as well as in their ability to bind to their cargo
		protein kinase CKII and was indeed a substrate of CKII in vitro.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/47/33654 (5270 words)

	Characterization of Microtubule Binding Domains in the Arabidopsis Kinesin-like Calmodulin Binding Protein -- ...
		The purified protein was incubated with microtubules in the absence (Mt) or presence of either AMP-PNP (Mt AMP) or ATP (Mt ATP) and centrifuged at 100,000g.
		Protein (0.4 C) containing the calmodulin binding domain was incubated with microtubules in the absence (Mt) or presence of either AMP-PNP (Mt AMP) or ATP (Mt ATP) and centrifuged at 100,000g.
		McDonald, H.B., Steward, R.J., and Goldstein, L.S.B. (1990) The kinesin-like ncd protein of Drosophila is a minus end–directed microtubule motor.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/10/6/957 (5909 words)

	Baserga Lab Publications: Survival motor neuron protein in the nucleolus of mammalian neurons.
		Survival motor neuron protein in the nucleolus of mammalian neurons.
		Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited motor neuron disease caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron gene (SMN1).
		A nucleolar protein related to ribosomal protein L7 is required for an early step in large ribosomal subunit biogenesis.
	info.med.yale.edu /mbb/baserga/2002/08/survival-motor-neuron-protein-in.html (385 words)

	A Developmentally Regulated Kinesin-related Motor Protein from Dictyostelium discoideum -- de Hostos et al. 9 (8): 2093 ...
		Howard, J., and Hyman, A.A. Preparation of marked microtubules for the assay of the polarity of microtubule-based motors by fluorescence microscopy.
		Moore, J.D., and Endow, S.A. Kinesin proteins: a phylum of motors for microtubule-based motility.
		Weiner, O.H., Murphy, J., Griffiths, G., Schleicher, M., and Noegel, A.A. The actin-binding protein comitin (p24) is a component of the Golgi apparatus.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/9/8/2093 (7020 words)

	Rutgers-Newark researcher discovers new motor protein mechanism linked to heart disease and strokes
		Using high-resolution NMR Spectroscopy technology, Kalodimos identified the mechanism of function of motor protein SecA, which uses chemical energy and converts it into mechanical energy.
		Kalodimos likens the motor protein and bacteria activity he has identified to the United State Postal Service's zip code system used to process mail and direct it to its final destination.
		The protein "zip code" is read or scanned by some specific protein or large protein machineries.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-07/rtsu-rrd072006.php (482 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-012899-114123 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Recombinant motor domains of Drosophila kinesin (DK350 and DK375), Ncd (MC1), and squid kinesin (p181) were modified by NEM.
		NEM treatment was shown to affect the binding of MC1, but not recombinant kinesin proteins to MTs in the co-sedimentation assay.
		Protein digestion methods were used to aid in elimination of cysteines, to characterize potential critical cysteines in MC1, a, and b tubulin.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /theses/available/etd-012899-114123 (297 words)

	ScienceDaily: Researcher Discovers New Motor Protein Mechanism Linked To Heart Disease And Strokes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Motoring Proteins And Genetic Disease (August 1, 2005) -- A defect in the mechanics of motors that build tiny cellular hairs is the basis of a serious genetic disorder, according to researchers at UC Davis and Simon Fraser University,...
		Protein Discovery Could Unlock The Secret To Better TB Treatment (March 9, 2005) -- UCL scientists have found a protein that could unlock the secret to quicker, more effective treatment of TB by waking TB bacteria in the body.
		Motor neuron -- In vertebrates, motor neurons (also called motoneurons) are efferent neurons that originate in the spinal cord and synapse with muscle fibers to facilitate muscle contraction and with muscle spindles...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/07/060721091751.htm (1809 words)

	Sharyn Endow
		Several years ago we identified a kinesin-related microtubule motor protein, Ncd, that is required for normal chromosome distribution in Drosophila.
		Kar3 is a "slow" motor with the unusual ability to destabilize microtubules at their minus ends.
		The minus-end kinesin motors probably perform roles in mitosis that include attaching components of the mitotic apparatus to one another and mediating poleward chromosome movement by sliding microtubules and kinetochores poleward.
	www.duke.edu /web/microlabs/endow/index.html (613 words)

	Cutting Edge: Association of the Motor Protein Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain-IIA with the C Terminus of the Chemokine ...
		Cutting Edge: Association of the Motor Protein Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain-IIA with the C Terminus of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 in T Lymphocytes -- Rey et al.
		Cutting Edge: Association of the Motor Protein Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain-IIA with the C Terminus of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 in T Lymphocytes
		Identification of NMMHC-IIA as a protein associated to the C termini of CXCR4 and CCR5 by mass spectrometry analysis.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/169/10/5410 (2850 words)

	Motor Protein-Driven Nanoactuatoric Systems
		Eukaryotic organisms synthesize a set of so-called motor proteins converting the chemical energy of nucleoside triphosphates into mechanical force, required for motility generation.
		A prominent motor protein is conventional kinesin, which is essentially involved in neuronal transport events.
		Functioning in cell-free systems is one main reason why this kinesin-microtubule machinery, which can be regarded as a linear motor, is believed to become applicable for the development of devices that realize transport in nanometre steps [2].
	www.foresight.org /Conferences/MNT9/Abstracts/Boehm/index.html (522 words)

	Herpes simplex virus type 2 membrane protein UL56 associates with the kinesin motor protein KIF1A -- Koshizuka et al. ...
		the velocity of Unc-104 motors (Klopfenstein and Vale, 2004
		Kamal, A. and Goldstein, L. Principles of cargo attachment to cytoplasmic motor proteins.
		Kehm, R., Rösen-Wolff, A. and Darai, G. Restitution of the UL56 gene expression of HSV-1 HFEM led to restoration of virulent phenotype; deletion of the amino acids 217 to 234 of the UL56 protein abrogates the virulent phenotype.
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/86/3/527 (3376 words)

	A novel microtubule-based motor protein (KIF4) for organelle transports, whose expression is regulated developmentally ...
		A novel microtubule-based motor protein (KIF4) for organelle transports, whose expression is regulated developmentally -- Sekine et al.
		A novel microtubule-based motor protein (KIF4) for organelle transports, whose expression is regulated developmentally
		motor protein for membranous organelles, the expression of which is
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/abstract/127/1/187 (937 words)

	Protein-Protein Ratchets: Stochastic Simulation and Application to Processive Enzymes -- Brokaw 81 (3): 1333 -- ...
		With these conventions, a motor enzyme would normally work with positive values of velocity and load, in the upper right quadrant, and would only enter the lower right quadrant (backward movement) when the load exceeds the isometric force.
		This model was used with an ensemble of three proteins spaced at 2.667-nm intervals to obtain the results shown in Figs.
		In A the accessory protein interaction is the weaker version of the asymmetric rate model, as illustrated by the results in curve D of Fig.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/3/1333 (6949 words)

	FOCUS - March 21, 2003 - CELL BIOLOGY: Drug Stops Motor Protein, Shines Light on Cell Division
		Blebbistatin works by interfering only with myosin II, a motor protein essential for cells to contract and move, while preserving other molecules and functions in cell division, said HMS postdoctoral fellow Aaron Straight, first author of the paper.
		Blebbistatin was discovered by using a myosin assay to screen 17,000 small molecules from the chemical library of the HMS Institute of Chemistry and Cell Biology, codirected by Timothy Mitchison, the Hasib Sabbagh professor of cell biology and co-author of the paper.
		Aaron Straight, Tim Mitchison (l to r), and colleagues invented a small molecule with scalpel-like precision to block the motor protein myosin II and used it to dissect some of the final stages of cell division.
	focus.hms.harvard.edu /2003/March21_2003/cell_biology.html (906 words)

	Repetitive shuttling of a motor protein on DNA : Nature
		Repetitive shuttling of a motor protein on DNA
		Strikingly, on hitting a blockade, such as duplex DNA or streptavidin, the protein abruptly snapped back close to its initial position, followed by further cycles of translocation and snapback.
		Repetitive shuttling was also observed on ssDNA bounded by a stalled replication fork and an Okazaki fragment analogue, and the presence of Rep delayed formation of a filament of recombination protein RecA on ssDNA.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v437/n7063/abs/nature04049.html (357 words)

	Purification of Ncd Motor Domain Protein
		Induce cells and harvest as described in Bacterial Expression of Motors.
		The bulk of the protein elutes with 200 mM NaCl in the 2nd to 4th fractions (fr 200-2 to 200-4) and is ~90-95% pure.
		The Ncd motor domain protein tends to aggregate and should be kept in 50 - 100 mM NaCl during the purification.
	www.proweb.org /kinesin/Methods/Ncd_purif.html (661 words)

	A Simple Theory of Motor Protein Kinetics and Energetics. II - Qian (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Chem., (1997)] is further developed to illustrate the relationship between the external load on an individual motor protein in aqueous solution with various ATP concentration and its steady-state velocity.
		A wide variety of dynamic motor behavior are obtained from this simple model.
		Qian H. A simple theory of motor protein kinetics and energetics.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /305804.html (331 words)

	InterPro: IPR000857 Unconventional myosin/plant kinesin-like protein/non-motor protein conserved region MyTH4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The microtubule-based kinesin motors and actin-based myosin motors generate movements required for intracellular trafficking, cell division, and muscle contraction.
		In general, these proteins consist of a motor domain that generates movement and a tail region that varies widely from class to class and is thought to mediate many of the regulatory or cargo binding functions specific to each class of motor [ 1 ].
		Although the function is not yet fully understood, there is an evidence that the MyTH4 domain of Myosin-X (Myo10) binds to microtubules and thus could provide a link between an actin-based motor protein and the microtubule cytoskeleton [ 5 ].
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR000857 (3154 words)

	Crystal structure of the Holliday junction migration motor protein RuvB from Thermus thermophilus HB8 -- Yamada et al. ...
		Crystal structure of the Holliday junction migration motor protein RuvB from Thermus thermophilus HB8 -- Yamada et al.
		Crystal structure of the Holliday junction migration motor protein RuvB from Thermus thermophilus HB8
		Protein Sci., January 1, 2006; 15(1): 152 - 161.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/4/1442 (3323 words)

	Determination of human myosin III as a motor protein having a protein kinase activity -- Komaba et al., ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Determination of human myosin III as a motor protein having a protein kinase activity
		The class III myosin is the most divergent member of the myosin superfamily, having a domain with homology to a protein kinase.
		The present study is the first report that clearly demonstrates that the class III myosin is an actin based motor protein having a protein kinase activity.
	intl.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/M300757200v1 (433 words)

	GeneCard for SIP1
		ALL other users require a Commercial License from XenneX, Inc. Unauthorized usage of this service is in breach of the terms and conditions of this web site, and may cause the user to incur fees for usage.
		Increased expression level of the splicing variant of SIP1 in motor neuron diseases.
		Gubitz A.K....Dreyfuss G. An essential SMN interacting protein (SIP1) is not involved in the phenotypic variability of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
	www.genecards.org /cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SIP1 (622 words)

	Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathies: Charcot-Marie-Tooth
		Abundance: 2% to 5% of PNS myelin protein
		PMP-22 protein expression altered in nerves in CMT1A and HNPP
		Most abundant protein in peripheral nerve myelin: 50% of total peripheral myelin protein
	www.neuro.wustl.edu /neuromuscular/time/hmsn.html (2787 words)

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