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Topic: Motown Sound

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	Motown Sound - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Motown Sound is a style of soul music with distinctive characteristics, including the use of tambourine along with drums, bass instrumentation, a distinctive melodical and chord structure, and a "call and response" singing style originating in gospel music.
		Among the most important architects of The Motown Sound were the members of Motown's in-house team of songwriters and record producers, including Motown founder Berry Gordy, William "Smokey" Robinson, Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong, and the team of Brian Holland, Lamont Dozier and Edward Holland, Jr.
		On a side note, Great Britain was also the scene where the Motown sound (and that of numerous smaller record companies) was kept alive by the northern soul movement, so called due to the fact that it was centered in the northern parts of England.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Motown_Sound (675 words)

	Motown Records, Inc. - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Motown artists were told that their breakthrough into the white popular music market made them ambassadors for other African-American artists seeking broad market acceptance, and that they should think, act, walk and talk like royalty, so as to alter the less-than-dignified image (commonly held by white Americans in that era) of fl musicians.
		Among the studio musicians responsible for the "Motown Sound" were Johnny Griffiths and Joe Hunter on piano, Joe Messina, Robert White, and Eddie Willis on guitar, Eddie "Bongo" Brown and Jack Ashford on percussion, Uriel Jones and Richard "Pistol" Allen on drums, drummer Benny Benjamin, keyboardist Earl Van Dyke, and bassist James Jamerson.
		Motown released Chisa output from 1969 to 1972.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Motown (1879 words)

	Diana Ross & The Supremes - Classic Motown
		The sound was so refreshing, the look so flawless, and the vibe so compelling that Diana Ross and the Supremes became no less than a defining reference point for America, for admiring musicians and fans worldwide, and for successive generations of female pop artists.
		Holland-Dozier-Holland and the legendary Motown rhythm players used blues, jazz, RandB, classical and pop devices to craft a run of Supremes hits that was danceable, melodic and diverse; funky and classy, all at once.
		Motown's ingenious new fusion was the new sound that no one could duplicate -- and everybody in pop and RandB tried.
	classic.motown.com /artist.aspx?src=supr&aid=43 (1012 words)

	MOTOWN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Motown often utilized the same core session musicians on their records, which helped lay the Motown sound's basic rhythmic foundation of bouncing bass and echoing drums.
		The founder of Motown Records, Berry Gordy did what many people of his time believed could never be done: he brought Black music into millions of White Americans' homes, helping both Black artists and their culture gain acceptance, and opening the door for a multitude of sucessful Black record executives and producers.
		By the mid-'80s, Motown was losing millions, and in 1988 Gordy did what he never thought he could: he sold Motown to MCA for $61 million.
	campus.queens.edu /depts/english/motown.htm (6102 words)

	Marvin Gaye - Classic Motown
		His status as Motown's bestselling male vocalist left him free to pursue more esoteric avenues on his albums, which in 1965 included a tribute to the late Nat "King" Cole and a misguided collection of Broadway standards.
		To capitalize on his image as a ladies' man, Motown teamed Gaye with their leading female vocalist, Mary Wells, for some romantic duets.
		When Wells left Motown in 1964, Gaye recorded with Kim Weston until 1967, when she was succeeded by Tammi Terrell.
	classic.motown.com /artist.aspx?src=supr&aid=43 (775 words)

	Rolling Stone \| Sep 29 1983 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		James Jamerson, the pioneering Motown bassist who died of pneumonia in Los Angeles on August 2nd at the age of forty-five, was not famous like Sting of the Police, or John Entwistle of the Who.
		He was with the company from 1959 until 1973, and during the peak years of Motown's incredible golden era, from 1963 to 1966, he played on virtually every Motown, Tamla, Gordy, Soul and VIP release.
		Motown was only changing with the times, and to this day it still puts out great records.
	www.marshallcrenshaw.com /articles/jamerson.htm (741 words)

	CANOE -- JAM! - The men behind Motown's sound
		Standing in the Shadows of Motown was, through Slutsky's sweat equity, to become a decade-long project that concluded with the release of the same-name movie last year.
		He was trying to set down the Motown sound on paper, so that others could experience playing the '60s blues-jazz fusion that was to become modern soul music.
		The true Motown sound, Slutsky contends, is unlearnable, a strange combination of the most technically adept jazz musicians playing and improving pop licks that seemed complex but which they found relatively simple.
	jam.canoe.ca /Music/Artists/F/Funk_Brothers/2003/08/08/pf-745228.html (869 words)

	PlanetPapers - Berry Gordy: Father of the Motown Sound
		Motown was responsible for launching the careers of some of pop music and R&B's all time greatest performers.
		Motown records had some of the best songwriters in the business, besides Smokey Robinson and Berry Gordy there was the famous team of Holland and Dozier.
		Motown started at a time when the country as a whole was optimistic about the future.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/1909.php (2258 words)

	Michigan Historical Marker: Motown (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Motown provided an opportunity for Detroit's inner-city youth to reach their full potential and become super stars.
		By the end of its first decade, Motown was the largest independent manufacturer of single 45 rpm records in the world.
		In 1980 the Motown Historical Museum was established at Hitsville U.S.A. to commemorate the Motown Sound and to memorialize Motown's distinctive heritage and its global impact.
	www.michmarkers.com /pages/S0592.htm (241 words)

	emplive.org - Visit - Education - Pop Conference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Nevertheless, this crossover success propelled Motown from the margins to the center of American popular music and generated debates about the authenticity of the “Motown Sound” as a fl sound.
		Motown’s songwriter Brian Holland of the Holland-Holland-Holland team contends: “We never varied much from the rhythm and blues base the bass line, guitar feeling, and back beat because fls always relate to the bass line and the beat most of all.
		It argues that contrary to common analyses, the Motown Sound was not prompted in response to the values of mainstream America, but instead reflects the existence of a powerful intracultural dynamic that generated cross-cultural appeal.
	www.emplive.org /visit/education/popConfBio.asp?xPopConfBioID=101&year=2003 (375 words)

	The Motown Historical Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The recording techniques that were developed by Motown in the mid 60's were part of the formula for the company's success.
		The Motown Historical Museum includes the original Hitsville USA building that housed Motown's original recording studio on West Grand Blvd. in Detroit.
		Racks of gear to shape the sound had to be "patched" into the console.
	www.recordingeq.com /motown/motown.htm (444 words)

	Classic Motown
		The power of the unforgettable songs of Motown is displayed here as the combination of timeless melodies and lyrics are brought together and expressed in the powerful vocal tradition of the Temptations.
		Reflections is a celebration of the magic of Motown music and the timelessness of one of Motown’s greatest accomplishments, The Temptations.
		Hip-O Records, in conjunction with Motown Records, is proud to present Heaven Must Have Sent You: The Story of Holland/Dozier/Holland.
	classic.motown.com (529 words)

	San Francisco Bay View - National Black Newspaper of the Year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The Legacy of Motown and its stable of superstars will forever live on with soundtracks and books reinvestigating just what was the Motown sound.
		In the 1960s it was called “The Sound of Young America,” and 40 years later a new generation of music lovers are still digging the sounds that Berry Gordy and his hit making artist took to #1.
		Artists, writers and producers have all been credited with the creation of the “Motown Sound,” but that credit is actually due to a group of jazz musicians known as the Funk Brothers.
	www.sfbayview.com /112002/david112002.shtml (979 words)

	The Motown Story
		The Motown story is the story of Berry Gordy, Jr., who was born in Detroit Michigan on November 28, 1929, he was the seventh of eight children of Berry, Sr.
		The Jackson 5 were signed to Motown and 4 of their first six singles released between late 1969 and mid 1971 went to #1 on the pop charts, with the two that missed the #1 spot reaching #2.
		Even though Motown sold millions more albums during the 1970s and 1980s then it had in the 1960s, Motown will always be remembered for the music it created during the 1960s that was heard on the tinny radios in automobiles as teenagers cruised the streets and highways.
	www.bsnpubs.com /gordystory.html (5224 words)

	Motown - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Motown
		Its distinctive, upbeat sound (for example, the Four Tops and the Supremes) was a major element in 1960s pop music.
		The Motown sound was created by in-house producers and songwriters such as Smokey Robinson and the team of Holland–Dozier–Holland;; performers included Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, and the Temptations.
		Its influence faded after the company's move to Los Angeles in 1971, but it still served as a breeding ground for such singers as Lionel Richie (1949– ) and Michael Jackson.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Motown (175 words)

	Black History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Such fame did some of Motown's writers achieve and such problems did their fame cause for Gordy that, when the Jackson 5 were signed by the company in 1969, the team that wrote the group's early hits was credited simply as the Corporation.
		Motown brought together rhythm-and-blues, gospel, and pop influences as it sought to “cross over” (i.e., move beyond single-genre listeners) to reach a wide audience that included white teenagers.
		Motown records were specifically mixed to sound good on car radios and were characterized by a thumping backbeat that made dancing easy for everyone.
	www.britannica.com /Blackhistory/article.do?nKeyValue=1781 (1601 words)

	Fender Players Club - James Jamerson
		In 1964 Motown tapped his talent by making him their studio bassist of choice; he and the other Motown session aces would also do their own after-work gigs under various names like Igor and the Funk Brothers.
		Unfortunately, Jamerson developed a serious drinking problem that hindered his work and his life in general, and at one point he was in danger of being dropped from the label.
		He played on countless dates for both Motown and as a freelancer, but his condition continued to deteriorate through the remainder of the ’70s.
	www.fenderplayersclub.com /artists_lounge/hall_of_legends/jamerson.htm (391 words)

	TV Preview: Reviving the Motown sound (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		For this special, Lubinsky was able to get access to the original Motown recordings, for reference purposes and for the companion CD box set.
		In some cases, some of the original Motown musicians, including members of the original Funk Brothers, play on the new arrangements, along with the Pittsburgh musicians.
		A companion to the TV show is a four-volume CD of Motown hits, culled from the original recordings, which will be used as an incentive for pledges.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05155/515605.stm (1603 words)

	Motown Historical Museum - Detroit
		A rich piece of Motown’s history is relived, when visitors clap and sing into Motown’s innovative echo chamber (a hole cut in the ceiling), and experience early reverb.
		In addition to their sound, one of the key elements that distinguished Motown artists was their uniquely polished style and wardrobe.
		Visitors stand where Motown greats such as, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, Smokey Robinson and the Miracles, the Temptations, the Four Tops, Gladys Knight and the Pips, Diana Ross and the Supremes, and the Jackson Five, among others, stood and recorded their hits.
	motownmuseum.com /mtmpages/began2.html (556 words)

	Celebrating The Enduring Sound Of Motown
		The Motown sound has transcended age, race, creed, and socioeconomic barriers.
		Today, Motown’s current and former artist roster is recognized worldwide: Boyz II Men, Mary Wells, The Supremes, The Temptations, The Miracles, Stevie Wonder, Diana Ross, Marvin Gaye, Martha And The Vandellas, The Four Tops, Gladys Knight And The Pips, and Michael Jackson.
		Motown specials will be all over national television in 1998, starting with a two-part ABC documentary beginning February 15.
	www.narm.com /news/sb/1998/0298/motown.htm (332 words)

	JS Online: Studio men up front in Motown documentary
		The new documentary "Standing in the Shadows of Motown," due in Milwaukee Friday, hopes to lift the veil of anonymity from the men whose music is known across the world but whose names are not.
		The Motown Sound, said Slutsky, "is two things: the songs and the grooves.
		The songs had an instantly accessible sound and such strong hooks that as soon as you heard one, you remembered the whole melody.
	www.jsonline.com /enter/tvradio/dec02/100199.asp?format=print (658 words)

	What is the Motown Sound
		Among the eager young hopefuls who knocked on the doors of The Motown Record Corporation from 1959-1972 were Smokey Robinson and The Miracles, Diana Ross and The Supremes, Mary Wells, The Temptations, Marvin Gaye, Little Stevie Wonder, The Four Tops, The Marvelettes, and Martha and The Vandellas.
		To create the "Motown Sound," Gordy recruited the most technically adept jazz musicians he could find to venture down into "the snakepit" (as the Motown recording studio was called) to play simple pop tunes characterized by tambourine, string, horns, carefully arranged harmonies, and gospel-style call and response vocals.
		Motown artists were each assigned to a specific team of producers, and each artist’s team worked on every recording by that particular artist.
	www.musicbizadvice.com /what_is_the_motown_sound.htm (459 words)

	Standing in the Shadows of Motown (2002) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Having purchased, listened to and loved Motown's records in the 60's and 70's, I often wondered who were the masterful (and usually uncredited) musicians responsible for so many top 10 hits.
		With "Standing In The Shadows of Motown", I was able to finally put some faces with the riffs that I admired.
		Although many of the "Funk Brothers" are no longer with us, their legacies live on with those disks by the Supremes, The Four Tops, The Temptations, Smokey Robinson and the Miracles, Marvin Gaye, Martha Reeves and so many other great artists.
	us.imdb.com /Details?0314725 (466 words)

	THE MOTOWN SOUND, Detroit Tourist Information and Travel Guide at InfoHub.com
		Mo.town (mo'toun') adj [a trademark for phonograph records, etc. Mo(tor) Town, nickname for Detroit, Mich] designating or of style of rhythm and blues characterized by a strong, even beat.
		The legend that is Tamla Motown started in 1959 when Ford worker and part-time songwriter Berry Gordy Jr borrowed $800 to set up a studio.
		The Motown organization was an intense, close-knit community: Marvin Gaye married Gordy's sister.
	www.infohub.com /Destinations/North-America/USA/Detroit/101376.htm (446 words)

	The Mersey Motown Sound - Mersey Beat
		In Britain in 1962, Tamla Motown was distributed by a small record label, Oriole, and the largest market for the records by the Detroit groups was on Merseyside.
		Differing from the Mersey-Motown sound was the straight Motown-sounding presentation of numbers by local fl vocal group the Chants.
		In 1963 the Motown distribution in Britain went to EMI's Stateside label and Motown artists soon began to have their first British hits, particularly since the Beatles had begun to mention the Motown artists in interviews.
	triumphpc.com /mersey-beat/a-z/mersey-motown.shtml (745 words)

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