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	The Sudden Disappearance of Mount Katmai, Alaska Science Forum
		Mount Katmai was a handsome mountain with three peaks poking more than 7,000 feet into the moist air of the Alaska Peninsula on June 5th, 1912.
		Mount Katmai¹s transformation from mountain to crater lake is still a mystery to scientists because it imploded rather than exploded.
		Researchers first thought that Mount Katmai was the source for most of the ash and rock that covers the valley.
	www.gi.alaska.edu /ScienceForum/ASF15/1551.html (653 words)

	Katmai and Novarupta, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska
		Katmai was once a cluster of 3 or 4 small volcanoes.
		The withdrawal of magma from beneath the cluster of small volcanoes at Katmai caused the area to collapse and produce a caldera.
		Novarupta is a pumice-filled depression that was the vent for the 1912 eruption.
	volcano.und.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/north_america/alaska/katami.html (570 words)

	Mount Katmai - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mount Katmai is a large stratovolcano in southern Alaska about 10 km in diameter with a central lake-filled caldera about 4.5 by 3 km in area.
		Katmai volcano is built on the sedimentary rocks of the Naknek Formation of Late Jurassic age, which are exposed just west of the caldera rim at an elevation of about 1520 m, as well as north and southeast of the crater.
		Mount Katmai and the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes are now a part of Katmai National Park and Preserve.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mount_Katmai (685 words)

	Katmai National Park & Preserve information, pictures, videos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Katmai National Park and Preserve is famous for volcanoes, brown bears, fish, and rugged wilderness and is also the site of the Brooks River National Historic Landmark with North America's highest concentration of prehistoric human dwellings (about 900).
		Katmai was declared a national monument in 1918 to preserve the living laboratory of its cataclysmic 1912 volcanic eruption, particularly the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes.
		Katmai is a meeting ground of coastal rain forest, boreal forest, alpine tundra, northern coastal tundra and Aleutian tundra floras.
	www.adventure-crew.com /parks/Katmai.asp (3598 words)

	Global Volcanism Program \| Katmai \| Summary
		Prior to 1912, Mount Katmai was a compound stratovolcano with four NE-SW-trending summits, most of which were truncated by caldera collapse in that year.
		Most of the two overlapping pre-1912 Katmai volcanoes are Pleistocene in age, but Holocene lava flows from a flank vent descend the SE flank of the SW stratovolcano into the Katmai River canyon.
		Katmai was initially considered to be the source of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ash flow in 1912.
	www.volcano.si.edu /world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1102-17- (210 words)

	Hyde Slides: Volcanoes
		Trees in valley cut off by the Katmai flood (due to breaking of landslide dam) at level of ash plain; amount of erosion since shown by height of protruding stumps.
		Katmai Novarupta, a volcano west of Katmai formed in 1912.
		Gibraltar a remnant of the cone of Mt. Rainier.
	geology.geol.cwru.edu /~huwig/catalog/volcanoes.html (901 words)

	Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park, Alaska
		The 1912 Novarupta eruption was the largest eruption anywhere in the world in the 20th century, as an estimated 15 cubic kilometers of bubble-free magma (resulting in over 30 cubic kilometers of pumice and ash) was explosively erupted during 60 hours beginning on June 6.
		Mount Cerberus and Falling Mountain are Holocene dacite domes adjacent to the 1912 vent at Novarupta.
		The two tallest peaks toward the left in the photo are two remaining peaks of Katmai, and the Katmai caldera is to the left (east) of those peaks.
	www.gps.caltech.edu /~meltzner/alaska98 (1591 words)

	Katmai National Park & Preserve - Nature & Science
		Mounts martin and Mageik produce steam constantly, and the plumes may often be seen from King Salmon, 60 miles distant.
		The Katmai area was largely unknown until 1912, when a geologic event directed worldwide attention to this area.
		In June 1912, Mount Katmai and Novarupta Volcano erupted with tremendous force and ejected enormous amounts of ash and pumice.
	www.nps.gov /katm/pphtml/subenvironmentalfactors13.html (954 words)

	NPS Archeology Program: Accomplishments
		During the early and mid-nineteenth century, Russians considered Katmai village to be the most significant post on the upper Alaska Peninsula.
		Katmai was declared a national monument in 1918 to preserve the living laboratory of its cataclysmic 1912 volcanic eruption, particularly the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, a spectacular forty-square-mile, pyroclastic ash flow deposited by Novarupta Volcano that is up to 700 feet deep.
		Katmai is a world-class destination for fishing and for wildlife observation.
	www.cr.nps.gov /archeology/sites/Antiquities/profileKatmai.htm (547 words)

	Katmai NP and Aniakchak NM & Preserve: Administrative History (Chapter 2)
		Mount Katmai is one of a long string of volcanoes which comprise the Aleutian Range.
		Mount Katmai had never erupted during historic time, and there were no known Native legends which told of such an eruption.
		His 1917 ascent of Mount Katmai, for example, was his third, but he chose to be more hyperbolic in his writeup of this climb than of his previous two trips.
	www.nps.gov /archive/katm/adhi/adhi2.htm (6765 words)

	Geologic Map of the Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Katmai National Park, Alaska
		The Katmai volcanic cluster on the Alaska Peninsula was first brought to national and international attention by the great eruption of June 1912.
		Although many wilderness travellers and one geological party had previously crossed remote Katmai Pass on foot, the National Geographic Society expeditions of 1915-19 first mapped and reconnoitered the volcanic terrain surrounding the pass in the course of investigating the effects of the 1912 eruption.
		Syneruptive caldera collapse at Mount Katmai, 10 km east of the eruption site, and displacements elsewhere in the magmatic plumbing system generated 14 earthquakes in the magnitude range Ms 6 to 7 (extraordinarily energetic for volcanic seismicity) and as many as 100 greater than Ms 5.
	pubs.usgs.gov /imap/i2778 (526 words)

	Mount Katmai
		Mount Katmai (AE‑16) was laid down 11 November 1944 by North Carolina Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, N.C.; launched 6 January 1945; sponsored by Mrs.
		In December 1964 Mount Katmai commenced an extensive overhaul period, including installation of increased communications capabilities and a helicopter deck for vertical replenishment.
		Mount Katmai continues to provide ammunition to U.S. and Allied combatants off the coast of Vietnam into 1969.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/m15/mount_katmai.htm (614 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The nearest settlement was Katmai Village, 25 miles from Mount Katmai.
		Before the eruption the Katmai landscape had been a pleasant sight of tall grass, groves of trees and scattered lakes.
		When Mount Katmai blew it stack, it belched forth seven cubic miles of rock and ash, the dust from which spread over the entire globe.
	www.roadtoreading.org /arc/timed_test.html (921 words)

	Case Studies - Volcanoes - Forces of Nature
		Katmai National Monument, a region of geysers and hot springs, was created in the largest volcanic eruption in North American history.
		In June of 1912, lava was suddenly drained from Mount Katmai, an event which produced an eruption of ash and debris that forced people to evacuate people 100 miles away in the city of Kodiak.
		Mount Etna suddenly erupted, sending lava and rocks onto a hiking trail where a tour group was walking.
	library.thinkquest.org /C003603/english/volcanoes/casestudies.shtml (3812 words)

	Griggs - Activity - Citations
		"The Katmai cluster is a 25-kilometer-long line of volcanoes along the Alaska Peninsula 450 kilometers southwest of Anchorage, including (from northeast to southwest) Snowy Mountain, Mount Griggs, Mount Katmai, Trident Volcano, Novarupta volcano, Mount Mageik, Mount Martin, and Alagogshak volcano.
		No fewer than 15 eruptive episodes have originated from the Katmai cluster in postglacial time (within the last 10,000 years), each lasting days to tens of years and all of which could have produced ash clouds.
		During that great eruption, nearby Mount Katmai collapsed, destroying its summit peaks and leaving behind a 2.5-kilometer-wide caldera, now filled with a 250-meter-deep lake.
	www.avo.alaska.edu /volcanoes/citations.php?eruptionid=459 (734 words)

	Volcanic blast location influences climate reaction
		Now, new research funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation, focusing on the eruption of Mount Katmai, Alaska, in June 1912, shows that location is also important, as major volcanic eruptions far north of the equator affect the world's climate much differently than volcanoes in the tropics.
		The Mount Katmai eruption was the one of the largest in the world during the 20th century.
		"In our research, although the Mount Katmai eruption was found to have some role in the winter climate, including distinct cooling in southern Asia, the most significant climate effect was during the summer when strong cooling over the Northern Hemisphere landmasses caused a decrease in the Asian monsoon circulation," said Oman.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-08/nsfc-vbl081105.php (704 words)

	Manthey Outdoors
		The Valley was formed when Mount Katmai erupted on June 6, 1912, belching 6 cubic miles of ash into the air.
		Mount Rainier National Park is a few hours south of Seattle, Washington.
		Mount Rainier is big, 14,400 feet, and steep, average grade 25%.
	www.orbitals.com /self/outdoors.htm (3584 words)

	05/03/89 - OIL TAKES ITS TOLL OF KATMAI ...
		KATMAI NATIONAL PARK- From the air Tuesday, hundreds of nondescript lumps lined the broad beach at Hallo Bay along the shore of Shelikof Strait.
		In Katmai the oil fouled a national treasure, a piece of wilderness that has inspired explorers and scientists for decades, a place with big bears, big fish and volcanoes.
		North America's greatest oil spill focuses new attention on Katmai; it was one of the greatest natural cataclysms in recorded history the explosive eruption of Mount Katmai in 1912 that brought about creation of the park.
	www.adn.com /evos/stories/EV225.html (925 words)

	NASA GISS: Research News: Volcanic Blast Location Influences Climate Reaction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The research, funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation focused on the eruption of Mount Katmai, Alaska, on June 6, 1912.
		Tropical eruptions like Mount Pinatubo usually create aerosols that spread around the globe and block heat from the sun in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, cooling temperatures in areas close to the tropics.
		But, when Mount Katmai erupted in Alaska, most of the aerosols remained well to the north, where they were not heated as much.
	www.giss.nasa.gov /research/news/20050811 (632 words)

	USGS Learning Web :: Lesson Plans :: Volcanoes :: Lessons
		Using either a piece of cut log or a diagram drawn on the chalkboard of a cross section of a tree, explain what tree rings are and what evidence they record about natural events that occurred during a tree's life.
		Discuss the impact of the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens on the animal and plant life in the area around the volcano.
		Explain to students that they will use tree ring data to determine the date of an eruption of Mount Katmai in Alaska and the effect that the eruption had on the growth of a tree.
	interactive2.usgs.gov /learningweb/teachers/volcanoes_lesson5_1.htm (526 words)

	Katmai Volcano, Alaska (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The 1912 eruption of Katmai (at Novarupta) was among the world's largest within historic times.
		The 60-hour eruptive sequence of 6-8 June 1912 included (1) an initial rhyolite plinian fall with near-vent blasts, (2) an 11 cu km zoned ignimbrite sheet filling the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, and (3) a complex series of plinian dacite falls.
		Linear fractures between Novarupta and Trident strike perpendicular to the volcanic front, raising the possibility that some or all of the 1912 magma was transferred to the 1912 vent from reservoir components beneath Trident; these, in turn, may have withdrawn magma from beneath Mount Katmai, permitting its collapse.
	users.bendnet.com /bjensen/volcano/alaskacanada/alaska-katmai.html (192 words)

	AlaskaOne.com - Travel Planning Information for Alaska
		In 1912 a tremendous eruption occurred in the wilderness that today is Katmai National Park and Preserve.
		The blast in which Mount Katmai collapsed was one of the most violent ever recorded.
		Katmai’s scenery boasts lakes, rivers, glaciers, waterfalls, and a coastline of plunging cliffs and islets.
	www.alaskaone.com /katmai_np/katmai.html (226 words)

	USN_MtKatmai_Pg3
		sent in this photo of the Mount Katmai at anchor in Subic Bay in the Philippines when he was aboard her in 1963. Dan was a Signalman in 1963.
		USS Mount Katmai going home to Port Chicago in 1964. The helicopter pad on the stern had just been added and a major communications upgrade as well.
		Next to the USS Oriskany the Mount Katmai looks sorta small - then again the fast frigate looks even smaller! This is March 1965 in the Pacific.
	pckaiser.homestead.com /USN_MtKatmai_Pg3.html (693 words)

	Alaska magazine \| From Ketchikan to Barrow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Alaska Volcano Observatory pegged Katmai ash as the source, but ruled out an eruption after earthquake sensors in the region showed no indication of seismic activity.
		According to the Kodiak Daily Mirror newspaper, the old, loose ash was carried by strong easterly winds from the Katmai region, some 100 miles from Kodiak.
		Mount Katmai erupted in June 1912, sending dense clouds toward Kodiak and covering parts of the island with nearly 2 feet of ash.
	www.alaskamagazine.com /stories/0204/ktob_katmai.shtml (141 words)

	AlaskaJourney.com / Paul Otteson / Alaska: Adventures in Nature / Alaska Travel
		Katmai is perhaps the most fantastic of America’s national parks, offering a combination of vast wilderness, active volcanoes, and the best bear viewing on the planet.
		Trident and Novarupta both appear to share a magma source with Mount Katmai, the splendid namesake of the park with a gorgeous crater lake.
		Katmai is contiguous with Becharof National Wildlife Refuge to the southwest and the McNeil River State Game Sanctuary.
	www.alaskajourney.com /kodiak/katmai.html (1163 words)

	Volcanoes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Cataclysmic 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines.
		Mount Rainier is not an isolated volcano, for from Lassen Peak in California to
		Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier is a dormant volcano east of Tacoma.
	everyschool.org /u/global/tlai/volcanoes.html (1751 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Mount Katmai is just one of millions of examples of information that we have at our fingertips.
		Just entering the words "Mount Katmai" in a Search Engine you will get a half million web pages to choose from.
		Novarupta, Alaska, 1912: Largest eruption of the 20th century; produced 21 cubic kilometers (5 cubic miles) of volcanic material, which is equivalent to 230 years of eruption at Kilauea, Hawaii.
	www.roadtoreading.org /arc/evaluate_skill_level.html (477 words)

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