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Topic: Mouthparts

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	Mouthparts - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The development of insect mouthparts from the primitive chewing mouthparts of a grasshopper in the centre (A), to the lapping type (B) and the siphoning type (C).
		The mouthparts of an edible crab: the third maxillipedes conceal the remaining mouthparts; the claws are not considered mouthparts.
		The mouthparts of arachnids vary in having a pair of pedipalps, which are particularly prominent in the males.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mouthparts (360 words)

	D. McShaffrey - PhD Dissertation - Functional Morphology of Feeding in Mayflies
		Mouthparts were transferred to SEM stubs coated with a thin layer of adhesive made by dissolving the adhesive from transparent tape in ethyl acetate, painting this material onto the stub, and allowing it to dry.
		The mouthparts are not pressed tightly against the substrate in Stage 2, and the legs, particularly the forelegs, may bring detritus to the preoral cavity where it is swept up by the labial palps as they move inward in Stage 3.
		Because of the flattening and prognathous orientation of the mouthparts (Figs.
	www.marietta.edu /~mcshaffd/phd/funcmore.html (16307 words)

	Identify a pest by the damage caused by its mouthparts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Mouthparts differ from insect to insect and the damage that they cause is useful in the classification and identification of the pest.
		Chewing mouthparts are the most primitive type of mouthpart and are often referred to has mandibulate mouthparts.
		Piercing and sucking mouthparts are modification of the mandibles and maxillae, which are elongated and modified to form a proboscis for piercing plant tissues.
	www.westone.wa.gov.au /toolbox6/hort6/html/resources/visitor_centre/how_to/mouthparts.htm (463 words)

	Study Materials for the Entomology Contests
		Larvae are scavengers, herbivores or predators with chewing mouthparts.
		Mouthparts are formed for chewing or for both chewing and sucking.
		Mouthparts: The mouthparts (chelicerae) of windscorpions are formed into large jaws that work vertically and project forward from the mouth.
	insects.tamu.edu /ffa/senior/orders.html (3842 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Mouthpart Morphology and Stylet Penetration of Host Plants by the Glassy-Winged ...
		Interpretive Summary: The fine structure of the mouthparts of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, a vector of Pierce's Disease in grape, leaf scorch in oleander and almond and variegated chlorosis in citrus, was studied to gain insight on the feeding mechanisms of this insect.
		The mouthparts are of the piercing-sucking type and are typical for this group of insects.
		The shorter length of mouthpart stylets of the very young sharpshooter nymphs apparently limit feeding to sites on the host plant where the xylem vessels are close to the surface, such as the leaf veins and margins.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=144400&pf=1 (501 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The body of a centipede is composed of two tagmata, the head, bearing antennae and mouthparts, and the trunk.
		The mouthparts consist of a pair of mandibles and two pairs of maxillae.
		This pair of mouthparts consists of a coxosternite (basal plate composed of the sternite fused with each of the coxae) and two conical jointed appendages, the telopodites.
	www.life.umd.edu /entm/shultzlab/vtab/chilopoda.htm (842 words)

	Agripedia, Interactive Multimedia Instructional Agriculture Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Insect mouthparts are variously adapted for the ingestion of many types of foods.
		The type of mouthparts varies not only among different insect groups, but also among different stages of the same species (for example, note the mouthparts of a butterfly and a caterpillar).
		Insect mouthparts typically consist of a labrum, a pair of mandibles, a pair of maxillae, a labium and a hypopharynx.
	www.ca.uky.edu /agripedia/Classes/ENT402/LEC022.asp (432 words)

	E-journal Results and Discussion
		Mouthparts tend to be uniform among individuals of the same species of insect.
		The mouthparts of the Haliplus species were observed to be larger and sharper than the Peltydytes species.
		The large differences in mouthparts and feeding behavior between the two genera may indicate that there is a difference in what they feed upon in the wild.
	www.lehigh.edu /~inaep/barbholly/results.htm (1429 words)

	Urban Entomology [Ebeling Chap. 9 part 3] Pests Attacking Mand and His Pets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Fleas have piercing-sucking mouthparts (figure 46, C, chapter 4), the principal elements of which are the grooved labrum and a pair of sharp, swordshaped mandibles.
		The mouthparts are visible from above, projecting in front of the body, whereas in the soft ticks they are under the body, and are not visible from above.
		Munro was able to activate burrowing of female mites in his wrist by passing from a cold room to a warm one, and was able to regulate the rate of burrowing by alternately warming and cooling an infested wrist over a radiator or other source of heat.
	www.insects.ucr.edu /ebeling/ebel9-3.html (19692 words)

	morphol lab two
		The basic anatomy of the head capsule and mouthparts of these two insects will be examined and illustrated.
		Neuroptera: Most neuropterans have mouthparts adapted to predation, specifically using their falcate mandibles to capture prey and extract body fluids.
		Diptera: Representative of advanced panorpoids, they have mouthparts that are adapted to either a piercing/sucking feeding mode or sponging.
	www.agctr.lsu.edu /arthropodmuseum/morpholab2.htm (891 words)

	Mouthparts, Bugs, Museum Victoria, Australia
		It is this great diversity of mouthparts that has helped bugs to become the most successful animals on Earth.
		The mouthparts of honeybees consist of a long tube and a hairy tongue for lapping up nectar and honey.
		The mouthparts of insects such as cockroaches, beetles and crickets are like scissors and are used to cut and chew leaves, wood and the flesh of other insects.
	www.museum.vic.gov.au /bugs/foodchains/mouthparts.aspx?glossID=103&KW=palps (374 words)

	The Bumblebee Tongue and Mouthparts
		The tongue and mouthparts are covered in tiny hairs and these hairs have pores in them.
		The main concentration of these hairs are on the antenna and mouthparts.
		The mouthparts of a bumblebee are not strong enough to drill holes in wood, nor can they bite with any strength.
	www.bumblebee.org /bodyTongue.htm (449 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Ultrastructure of Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Mouthparts and Salivary Sheaths
		We have examined the ultrastructure of the mouthparts of the GWSS using SEM techniques.
		The terminal components of the mouthparts consist of a labrum, a labium and a stylet bundle or fascicule.
		These sheaths may be singular or branched depending upon the probing behavior of the insect and penetrate epidermal, cortical parenchyma, and lignified tissues before reaching the vessel elements of the plant host.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=132687 (290 words)

	Mouthparts and Moving
		Insect mouthparts, except the labrum, are modified, paired appendages used to capture, manipulate, and chew food.
		plate (sclerite) that serves as upper lip in insects with chewing mouthparts.
		paired appendage of the 4th body segment that becomes the 1st pair of mouthparts, analogous to jaw.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /entomology/topics/heads.htm (314 words)

	Callaway County
		Insects with chewing mouthparts such as grasshoppers, beetles, and caterpillars have a hardened pair of jaws that saw and grind.
		With these insects, the mouthparts are like a needle that punctures the plant tissue and so the insect can suck fluids from the plant.
		Some insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts can transmit disease organisms to plants or inject toxic substances into the plant during feeding.
	muextension.missouri.edu /callaway/jarman-news/Jarman_2000/jarman_2000_jul19.html (473 words)

	North American Insects and Spiders - Cirrus Digital Imaging
		The mouthparts of most adults consists of a long, coiled tube known as a proboscis, used for drinking liquids such as nectar, tree sap, and water.
		All adults have chewing mouthparts, and most have two pairs of membranous wings that are hooked together in flight; hymenoptera means "membrane wing." Most species are solitary, but some, such as the
		The strong mouthparts can cut through even heavily armored heads of insects, and these fearsome predators are voracious eaters.
	www.cirrusimage.com (2219 words)

	Phylum Arthropoda
		They have two pairs of antennae, mandible-type mouthparts (of different evolutionary origin than mandibles in insects), and other mouthparts which include two pairs of maxillae and three pairs of maxillipeds, all of which are formed from modified appendages.
		Most also have both compound and simple eyes; mouthparts (covered by a labrum in front, and highly modified in some orders) which include mandibles, maxillae, and a labium; three pairs of walking legs, one on each of the three thoracic segments.
		The piercing-sucking mouthparts of mosquitoes are notorious, but interestingly, only female mosquitoes bite people: they need the protein from a blood meal for their developing eggs.
	biology.clc.uc.edu /courses/bio106/arthrpod.htm (2157 words)

	Function and Functional Groupings of the Complex Mouth Apparatus of the Squat Lobsters Munida sarsi Huus and M. ...
		Farmer, A. The functional morphology of the mouthparts and pereiopods of Nephrops norvegicus (L.) (Decapoda: Nephropidea).
		Functional morphology of the mouthparts and gastric mill in the hermit crabs Clibanarius taeniatus, Clibanarius virescens, Paguristes squamosus and Dardanus setifer (Anomura: Paguridae).
		Suthers, I. Functional morphology of the mouthparts and gastric mill in Penaeus plebejus (Decapoda: Penaeidea).
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/full/200/3/281 (7257 words)

	[No title]
		The most visible parts of the body of an adult insect are the head, the antennae, the mouthparts, the thorax, the wings, the legs, and the abdomen.
		Mouthparts: The mouthparts of adult insects can be of different types.
		Others have sucking mouthparts for example shaped like stylets in bugs and aphids or shaped like a coiled tongue in butterflies and moths.
	www.cbu.edu /~esalgado/BIOL107/INSECTS1.doc (1368 words)

	Common Insect Pests of Trees and Shrubs in North Dakota
		Symptoms of feeding injury can be generalized into two categories based on the type of mouthparts present on the insect.
		Pests with chewing mouthparts include caterpillars, beetle adults and larvae, sawfly larvae, and grasshoppers.
		They all have chewing mouthparts so damage will always be characterized by holes or skeletonized leaves.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/plantsci/trees/e296w.htm (2628 words)

	Projekt "Evolutionary morphology of mouthparts in flower visiting insects" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Insect mouthparts represent extremly modified arthropod extremities which evolved with respect to different demands of food uptake.
		Convergent evolutionary trends led from ancestral biting mouthparts to derived proboscis in many groups of flower visiting insects as a result of the necessity to localize and to take up food from deep floral tubes.
		For example, adult lepidopteran mouthparts include the ancestral biting mouthparts in primarily pollen feeding moths, the proboscis of nectar feeding species which is extremly elongated in some, the highly specialized proboscis of lachryphagous, fruit- and skin-piercing species, and the derived proboscis of secondarily pollen feeding butterflies.
	www.univie.ac.at /fodok/uso_navigate.project?pvProjID=11680 (188 words)

	Virtual Exhibit on Canada´s Biodiversity - Focus on Insects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The structure of the front wings is also a distinctive feature, the basal portion of the front wing is thickened and leathery and the apical portion is membranous.
		Homoptera have sucking mouthparts that form a beak that arises from the back of the underside of the head, near the front legs.
		The lower part of the head is prolonged into a snout with the chewing mouthparts at the end.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /biodiversity/database.html (1364 words)

	Benefical Insects
		They feed with sucking mouthparts and consume the internal body organs of a variety of insect species.
		Several stink bugs are predatory and feed on insects with their sucking mouthparts.
		They are characterized by having the chewing mouthparts sticking out in front of the head.
	www.uidaho.edu /so-id/entomology/Benefical_Insects.htm (1193 words)

	LDF -- Tick Removal
		Tick's mouthparts have reverse harpoon-like barbs, designed to penetrate and attach to skin.
		One viewpoint states that the mouthparts can cause a secondary infection, and should be removed as if it was a splinter.
		He instructs his families to leave the mouthparts, and that they will come out on their own as the skin sloughs off.
	www.lyme.org /ticks/removal.html (342 words)

	[No title]
		3 positions of the head: - Hypognathous condition: - mouthparts are pointed downward, ventral to the head capsule.
		- mouthparts are in a continuous series with the legs.
		2.) Haustellate Mouthparts: "sucking" mouthparts - mouthparts are modified in a variety of ways into a tube (PROBOSCIS)through which liquid food is sucked (food channel) and another tube may allow saliva to pass into mouth (salivary channel).
	www.sfu.ca /bisc/bisc317/Notes/Lecture04-Mouthparts.doc (496 words)

	Spiders of Kentucky - University of Kentucky Department of Entomology
		It is a combination of the head and thorax, and on it are found the legs, eyes, pedipalps, chelicerae, and other mouthparts.
		Along with the chelicerae, these mouthparts work together to direct food into the spider's mouth, which is hidden behind the chelicerae and other mouthparts.
		Some spiders, like cobweb spiders, are only able to consume fluids, but most spiders are able to eat solid food after it has been shredded and mashed by the chelicerae.
	www.uky.edu /Ag/CritterFiles/casefile/spiders/anatomy/spideranatomy.htm (560 words)

	Why and How Insects and Mites Feed on Your Plants and Flowers
		Insects with chewing mouthparts include beetles, caterpillars, grasshoppers, weevils, and earwigs (although not considered insects, snails and slugs have chewing mouthparts).
		Insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts that feed within the food-conducting tissues are susceptible to systemic insecticides applied to the leaves, stem, or soil.
		Insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts that feed primarily on the underside of leaves, such as whiteflies, are susceptible to insecticides with translaminar properties or local systemic activity.
	www.ag.uiuc.edu /cespubs/hyg/html/200501f.html (1035 words)

	Ticks
		Commonly used methods such as a hot matchhead touched to the hindparts of the tick, to covering or "painting" the tick with paint, nail polish, petroleum jelly, or gasoline may cause additional injury to the host (that's you or your pet) as well as stimulate the tick to spew out disease-causing germs.
		Because the tick is attached firmly to most hosts, rough or improper handling may result in portions of the head and mouthparts remaining embedded in the skin.
		The area of the bite should leave a small crater or indentation where the head and mouthparts were embedded.
	www.emedicinehealth.com /ticks/page5_em.htm (507 words)

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