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Topic: Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra

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	Biafra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Republic of Biafra was a short-lived secessionist state in southeastern Nigeria.
		Nigerian troops soon recovered however, advancing into Biafra, and forcing the repeated transfer of the Biafran capital from Enugu to Aba and then Umuahia by the end of the year, and to Owerri in 1969.
		Biafraland - The official site of the Biafra Actualization Forum, which presents a point of view that seems close to that of the MASSOB, the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra, which is the main group currently still advocating the restoration of Biafra.
	biafra.area51.ipupdater.com (424 words)

	MOST Ethno-Net publication: Africa at Crossroads
		Particular attention shall be focused on the movement for the Actualization of Sovereign State of Biafra.
		The movement for the sovereign state of Biafra is a youthful and radical organization made up of succeeding generation of the Easterners and dominantly, the Igbos who fought the civil war.
		The declaration of state of Biafra was a symbol of protest against massacre of 30,000.00 Igbos in the Northern Nigeria in 1966 and the drive towards genocide and ethnic classing against the Igbos.
	www.unesco.org /most/crossroadsonu.htm (10127 words)

	Biafra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Twelve members of the outlawed Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) have been dragged before an Abuja High Court for...
		Movement for the Actualisation of Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), on Wednesday, said the national headcount due in days has nothing to offer the Igbo, whom...
		He declared the region an independent state with a capital at Enugu, and his troops began seizing such Federal resources such as inbound postal vehicles.
	biafra.wikiverse.org (499 words)

	THISDAYonline
		He said Udenwa constituted "a stumbling block" to the aspirations of MASSOB especially in establishing a sovereign state of Biafra, for eastern Nigeria.
		Uwazurike who commissioned the Biafra House in the United States of America (USA) recently, said that the German Government had requested him to also set up a 'Biafran embassy' in that country.
		"Biafra is already actualised; today we have Voice of Biafra International which broadcasts weekly for now, we have commissioned the Biafra House in the USA, so, the world has come to know that Biafra exists.
	www.thisdayonline.com /archive/2001/12/16/20011216news01.html (892 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Africa / Nigerian separatists face death penalty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The September soccer tournament was organized by the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra, which wants to revive the short-lived Republic of Biafra.
		In March 2003, police shot and killed seven members of the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra and arrested more than 20 to forestall a rally where they planned to make a symbolic declaration of independence.
		The leader of the failed Biafra state, Emeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, now is a leading opposition politician who lost 2003 presidential elections that were widely alleged to have been rigged.
	www.boston.com /news/world/africa/articles/2005/03/23/nigerian_separatists_face_death_penalty (585 words)

	Biafra House Opens in D.C., U.S.A.
		Biafra House Opens in D.C., U.S.A. If you were using a Java-enabled browser, you would see a clipstream banner instead of this paragraph.
		Nigeria Masterweb received exactly at 8.12 am(US central standard time) by email, a flyer for the launching of Biafra House and symposia in Washington D.C., U.S.A. The launching and symposia are organized by Biafra Foundation and Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra(MASSOB).
		Biafra Foundation in association with the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) cordially invites you to the official opening of BIAFRA HOUSE.
	www.nigeriamasterweb.com /nmwpg1biafrahouse.html (349 words)

	State Non Sovereign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nepal is a sovereign country, and its internal affairs shall not be...
		Nepal is a sovereign country and its internal...
		In some federations, a state is a subnational entity.
	www.wikiverse.org /state-non-sovereign (173 words)

	MOST Ethno-Net publication: Africa at Crossroads
		Existing Scholarship on the theory of state in Africa has emphasized as an enduring legacy, the nature of state bequeathed to the continent upon the departure of the European Colonial Masters.
		Such resources as land, state allocations are highly valued by all ethnic groups, their exclusion from participation in higher position of decision making concerning such resources could centripetalize to group mobilization and threat to corporate existence of a nation state.
		It is saddening to reminisce on maligned and confused Biafra.
	www.ethnonet-africa.org /pubs/crossroadsonu.htm (10100 words)

	Chippla's Weblog - Thoughts on Issues: The Biafra Conundrum
		Biafra had its own national anthem ('Land of the Rising Sun' set to the tune Finlandia by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius) as well as its own currency and was seeking to join international bodies such as the Organization of African Unity and the United Nations.
		Actually, the Igbos were being killed in the north because there was a coup involving a lot of Igbo soldiers and some important politicians from the north were murdered.
		You however have a point in stating that Nigeria's dysfunctional history is partly responsible for the presence of the MASSOB secessionist movement.
	chippla.blogspot.com /2005/12/biafra-conundrum.html (4734 words)

	MASSOB mourns Chuba Okadigbo
		The Nation of Biafra mourns the demise of one of its most illustrious and industrious Sons, the OYI of OYI, Dr. Chuba Okadigbo and one of the custodians of the Igbo mystery.
		On whose orders were the Policemen acting; was it that of the Commissioner of Police, Kano State, that of the Inspector General of Police or that of the President.
		Olusegun Obasanjo and the Nigerian State lack the moral, political and legitimacy to constitute an investigation or enquiry into the circumstances surrounding the death of Dr.
	www.kwenu.com /biafra/massob/chuba_okadigbo.htm (433 words)

	Franklyne Ogbunwezeh: MASSOB and Obasanjo’s Napoleon’s Dogs
		Police states are synonymous with gagging of opposition, unrestrained tyranny, suppression of legitimate voices of reason, or dissent, the imprisonment of those who dared to disagree with the highhandedness of the despotic regime, and unleashing of the policing instrument on the populace, to detect opposition, and deal with it, with highhandedness and unemotional economy.
		In a police state, the leprous hands of the tyrant, represented by the policing of even the most intimate and most private actions of the populace is evident.
		We are not advocating terrorism, that is why we are screaming for a sovereign national conference, but once a people are repeatedly insulted, taken for fools or pushed to the wall, survival under whatever name comes in handy, as the only option.
	www.nigeriavillagesquare1.com /Articles/Ogbunwezeh4.html (4592 words)

	Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria : :Editorials & Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		As a journalist who was born into the geographical area of the former Eastern Nigeria that was declared “The Republic of Biafra,” I was, naturally part of that historical landmark of this country.
		It is not quite fair to attempt to apportion blame on any one leader or group of persons for the outbreak of hostilities in 1967.
		The rest of the country not included on the “Map of Biafra” displayed by MASSOB may pretend that nothing is happening.
	www.akwaibomstategov.com /edit2-2.asp?ID=1071 (981 words)

	Movement for the Actualization of the Soverei... - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Start the Movement for the Actualization of the Soverei...
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	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Movement_for_the_Actualization_of_the_Soverei... (161 words)

	The Biafra Crackdown ( Nigeria, Africa & World News)
		The clamp-down, equally, reportedly led to the arrest and detention of 25 activists in Abia State; 17 in Ebonyi and 32 in Anambra.
		Alex Amaechina, the Imo State Director of the SSS who lamented the continued hoisting of Biafra flags in parts of the state by the activists stated that those arrested by his agency would soon be charged to court for treason.
		Since early 2000 when the demand for the sovereign state of Biafra took a violent dimension five days to the 27 May 2000 declaration, a good number volunteers and supporters lost their lives despite Uwazuruike’s earlier promise of a voilent free agitation.
	www.africamasterweb.com /AdSense/BiafraCrackdown.html (2977 words)

	Massob And Murder of Northerners (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is not in the interest of the hundred of thousands of Igbos residing in the northern states to learn that northerners in the Southeast are repeatedly being molested and harmed.
		They are not responsible for the inability of ethnic champions and dreamers of the state of Biafra to realize their goals.
		When Shehu Musa Yar'Adua was languishing in Abakaliki, prison, Ebonyi State for his principled opposition to Abacha, the likes of Walter Ofonagoro were singing Abacha praises and the Arthur Ezes of the East were conveying the ezes of the Ndigbo to Aso Rock to bow down before their lord, Abacha.
	nigerdeltacongress.com /marticles/massob_and_murder_of_northerners.htm (1284 words)

	allAfrica.com: Nigeria: Biafra: Police On Red Alert Over MASSOB's Threat
		Scores of officers and men of Imo State police command at the weekend, took strategic positions in all the 27 local government areas of the state, following reports that members of the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), would declare their dream republic on October 18, 2003.
		Vanguard gathered that in the three senatorial zones of the state, stern looking police men and other plain clothed security operatives, were busy observing movements, as well as kept vigil at Ahiara, Mbaise and Okwe, Onuimo country home of the MASSOB leader, Chief Ralph Uwazuruike.
		She appealed to her fellow mothers to check the activities of their children, stressing that "anybody who is gainfully employed would not have the time to waste on frivolities like the dream republic".
	www.nigeriamasterweb.com /BiafraAlert.html (554 words)

	Politics : MASSOB: Police turn town criers in Abia
		Security operatives must have under-rated the propaganda machinery of the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), otherwise they would have taken necessary measures to counter the stay-at-home directive by MASSOB last Thursday.
		Commercial and government activities were thus paralysed in the state and some youths in Aba were even playing football on some of the streets.
		Funding for the Biafran struggle, he stated, was through free-will donations and N20 levy on members, adding that because of the large number of contributors, substantial amount was made available for carrying out programmes.
	www.vanguardngr.com /articles/2002/politics/p329082004.html (826 words)

	The Head Heeb: Bakassi: the fallout continues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The same ground was raised in the House of Representatives during a debate earlier this month when the representative for Bakassi contended that, because the peninsula was listed as a Nigerian local government area in the constitution, it couldn't be ceded without a constitutional amendment.
		The argument has yet to be tested in court, but under article 8(2) of the constitution, the boundary of a state may only be changed with the consent of the state legislature and all local government areas that might be affected.
		In the meantime, the Bakassians are also linking up with other local nationalists, including the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) and the Southern Cameroons National Conference.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/026264.html (620 words)

	Aba Declaration of a new Biafra
		And the freedom to demand for the sovereignty of your new Biafra State, distinct from the geographical expression called Nigeria.
		It must be stated that the Biafra war of 1967-70 was not a struggle for independence.
		Our position is that the new Biafra project recognizes the right of any Igbo to retain his Nigerian nationality in the new Biafra, in accordance to the new Biafran Laws.
	www.dawodu.com /massob1.htm (1072 words)

	Institute of Public Policy Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Movement for the Actualization of Sovereign State of Biafra (MMASSOB), an Igbo ethnic militia, had called on all the Igbos to stay at home on that day.
		A couple of weeks back, nineteen northern states and two Southern states initiated a legal move to stop payment of 13% of the revenues accruing to the federation account from off-shore oil to the oil producing states.
		It is only when the country is restructured in a way that will give more power to the federating states, and the economy restructured in a way that will give economic freedom to the people and give more control to the private sector that the country can begin to witness genuine development.
	www.ippanigeria.org /page.php?instructions=page&page_id=377&nav_id=87 (816 words)

	Foreign Policy In Focus Special Report: Alienation and Militancy in the Niger Delta: A Response to CSIS on Petroleum, ...
		Last year the military was involved in yet another massacre, this time in the Middle Belt in the states of Benue and Taraba intervening in the most serious communal conflict since the clashes that preceded the outbreak of the Biafran civil war in 1967.
		This movement sought to secure self-determination by resuscitating the Republic of Biafra, whose bid to secede from the federation was crushed by Nigerian troops in 1970.
		And because no one group would be powerful enough to dominate the state and use its organs to pursue its narrow interests, the need for the institutionalization of a disinterested and efficient public service, corruption-free public agencies, due process, and the rule of law would be more compelling.
	www.fpif.org /papers/nigeria2003_body.html (5355 words)

	The Standard - Traders like color of separatist money - World Section
		More than three decades after the breakaway Republic of Biafra suffered a bloody defeat at the hands of federal forces, shoppers are once again spending Biafran pounds and shillings in the markets of southeastern Nigeria.
		Most of the dead were Igbos from the territory claimed as Biafra by rebel forces - and many from the region still cling to dreams of full independence.
		At a Onitsha street rally organized by a banned separatist group, the Movement for the Actualization of a Sovereign State of Biafra, protesters brandished the notes alongside the rising-sun banner of the defunct republic.
	www.thestandard.com.hk /stdn/std/World/GH24Wd10.html (793 words)

	MASSOB Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra
		Movement for the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP) was once called a terrorist movement because of their cry against the destruction of their environment.
		The Ijaw groups are only asking that the Nigerian State and the Oil Companies should allow them (Ijaw) to control their resources 100%, and given this fact, the Ijaws are hunted and targeted, thereby branding them terrorists.
		Olusegun Obasanjo, on the CNN question and answer session, referred to the genocidal murder of the 10,000 Tivs as only and further stated that it meant nothing, since the population of Nigeria is over 100 million.
	kwenu.com /biafra/massob/fas_groups.htm (542 words)

	News -- We'll declare Niger Delta Republic -Insurgents threaten
		Information at the disposal of Sunday Vanguard indicated that the national coordinator of the Movement, John Adie, who is not a strange face to security agents in the country, has been training in jungle warfare and was once an instructor in the Amphibious Training Wing of the Nigerian Army, Calabar in Cross River State.
		It was gathered that some contingents trained by the movement had been stationed in neighbouring West African countries and if the Federal Government does not properly handle its proposed plan to increase the pump price of petrol to N80 per litre, the activists might just use it as a catalyst to start their insurgency.
		The movement's letter to the United Nations is a dossier on alleged constitutional breaches by the Federal Government; neglect of the region; causes of youth restiveness in the zone; derivation and resource control struggle; looming cancer epidemic due to oil exploration and prayers for deliverance from the many evils distressing the region."
	odili.net /news/source/2005/aug/28/399.html (1799 words)

	The Sun News Online/politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		If there is a politician who does not believe that tribal sentiments should be a basis for partisan participation in politics, then Chief Goddy Nwosu readily comes to mind.
		Chief Nwosu, though strongly in support of the quest for the political emancipation of the Igbos, believes that the antics of the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) are nothing to be jittery about.
		Biafra republic is not going to be a reality.
	www.sunnewsonline.com /webpages/politics/2004/Oct/11/politics-11-10-2004-002.htm (721 words)

	The Sun News On-line \| national news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) has raised alarm over the safety of its founder and leader, Chief Ralph Uwazuruike, saying that there is a plot by government to assassinate him.
		The statement signed by the "Director of Information," Comrade Uchenna Madu the government which was bent on not allowing the declaration of Biafra, was planning to attack the MASSOB leader as he makes his regular trip to the Eastern part of Nigeria every Thursday.
		The MASSOB reiterates it resolve to continue the struggle for the declaration of the state of the Biafra it achieves success, adding that, "we are not deterred and shall not relent until we actualize the Independent Sovereign State of Biafra."
	www.sunnewsonline.com /webpages/news/national/2004/Oct/5/national-5-10-2004-009.htm (226 words)

	POLITICS-NIGERIA: Will the National Dialogue Preach to the Converted?
		The head of state had previously rejected demands for such a meeting, saying they were prompted by a desire for secession amongst certain groups.
		In 1967, members of the Ibo (Nigeria’s third-largest ethnic group) who were living in three eastern states of Nigeria seceded to form the Republic of Biafra.
		While a civil war put an end to this bid for independence, the dream of sovereignty survives amongst Ibos, spearheaded by the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra.
	www.ipsnews.net /africa/interna.asp?idnews=27278 (971 words)

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