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Topic: Mozambican Liberation Front

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	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for liberation
		liberation theology belief that the Christian Gospel demands a preferential option for the poor, and that the church should be involved in the struggle for economic and political justice in the contemporary worldâ”particularly in the Third World.
		Liberation literature and higher human development: the case of Ulysses and James Joyce.
		Liberation for communion in the soteriology of Gustavo Gutierrez.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=liberation (575 words)

	Constitution of Mozambique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Mozambicans are persons who, although satisfying the prerequisites for original nationality, did not acquire such nationality due to a choice made by their parents or guardian, provided they personally declare, within a year of reaching the age of 18, that they wish to be Mozambican.
		Mozambicans are those persons not covered by the previous articles who had been living in Mozambique for at least 20 years prior to the date of independence, provided that they declared, within 90 days of the proclamation of independence, that they wish to be Mozambican.
		Mozambicans are the children of a Mozambican mother or father even if born outside the country, provided that they expressly renounce, on their own behalf if they are older than 18, or through their parents or guardians if younger, any other nationality to which they may be entitled.
	www.kituochakatiba.co.ug /mozamcon.htm (10172 words)

	Mozambican Civil War
		The ruling party Front for Liberation of Mozambique, Frelimo, was violently opposed from 1977 by the Rhodesian and later South African funded Mozambique Resistance Movement, Renamo.
		Mozambican resistance began to surface, as people eventually concluded that decades of exploitation, oppression and neglect by Portugal's colonial expansion was the cause of their misery.
		Mozambican civilians were Renamo's principal targets in the war, although they also attacked government installations and the economic infrastructure.
	www.tagate.com /wars/page/mozambican.shtml (1010 words)

	Chissano, Joaquim Alberto - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A founding member of the Mozambican Liberation Front (Frelimo), he rose to become a major general in the organization, and after Mozambique became independent from Portugal he served as foreign minister in President Samora Machel 's government.
		Chissano requires Mozambican troops to behave with dignity in Burundi.
		Mozambican president takes over AU chairmanship from Mbeki.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-chissanoj1a1.html (275 words)

	africanfront.com (AUF)
		Indeed, Mozambican shed their blood for the emancipation of the country, but this achievement was made possible thanks to the support afforded by the Continent.
		The Mozambican people are engaged in the preparation for the second municipal elections to be held in October 2003 and the third multiparty legislative and presidential elections to be held in 2004.
		We are confident that, once again, the Mozambican people will, through this process, exercise true democracy, within a spirit of reconciliation and tolerance that has characterised these last 11 years, since the establishment of peace, in 1992.
	www.africanfront.com /2004-h.php (2086 words)

	Pepe Diniz's Electoral Notes on Mozambique
		In this sense, its main purpose is to help, safeguard, maintain and defend the good operation of the structures in its territory, as well as to ensure the prevalence of its citizens' dignity.
		Although there was a municipal structure in Mozambique during the colonial era, it basically served the Portuguese community in the country and the majority of the Mozambican population had little or no say in the matter and could not vote.
		Mozambican citizens will show up at the Registration Posts for the following reasons: a) Completed 18 years of age and need to be registered; b) Are eligible to vote but didn't register yet; c) Changed their place of residence; d) Lost their voting cards; e) Their voting cards were damaged.
	home.att.net /~pvrdiniz (4242 words)

	Background Info \| Mozambique Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		In the early 20th century, expansion of the nearby Witwatersrand gold mines and oppressive Portuguese labour laws led to a mass labour migration from southern Mozambique to South Africa and Rhodesia.
		Mozambicans had had enough, and a resistance movement grew.
		Mozambican independence - organised as the Mozambican Liberation Front or Frelimo - was helped along by a series of charismatic leaders, including Eduardo Mondlane (assassinated in 1969) and Samora Machel, who became independent Mozambique's president.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/africa/mozambique/essential?a=culture (706 words)

	Carnation revolution, by Mia Couto
		The front had the support of intellectuals in the cities, but it needed to establish itself more firmly and coherently.
		They were afraid that it would reverse perceptions of the cause and effect relationship between the fall of the regime and the liberation of the African colonies.
		There was strong support, even from some on the left, for revising the view that liberation movements in the colonies had combined with the Portuguese people’s own struggle to bring about the revolution.
	mondediplo.com /2004/04/15 (1388 words)

	granma.cu -
		The Mozambican foreign minister said that one of the greatest challenges her country faces is to eliminate poverty and raise education and health levels.
		Almost 8,000 Mozambicans have been trained as professionals and technicians in Cuba, via cooperative relations based on friendship and solidarity maintained between the two countries, the minister commented.
		De Abreu noted that peace and security now reign in her country, and brought a message of greetings from the Political Commission of the Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO) to her meeting with Fernando Remírez de Estenoz, head of the International Relations Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba.
	www.granma.cu /ingles/2005/mayo/lun30/23mozam-i.html (559 words)

	African Liberation and Progressive Internationalism in American Life: An Untold History
		Since so high a portion of solidarity with African liberation in the United States was dispersed in local and often short-lived organizations or in ad-hoc networks, rather than in centralized groups, even the first steps of preserving or recovering the history are significantly more difficult than in most other Western countries.
		In the U.S., as elsewhere, to understand the "anti-apartheid" movement it is essential to put it within the framework of progressive struggles for liberation on all fronts, in particular struggles against racism and colonialism.
		It is rather to suggest that the fragmented and complex history reaches out far beyond a small set of "national" organizations, whatever their perceived racial or ideological complexions, to local and international networks, for which divisions into fl/white or radical/liberal dichotomies are even less credible representations of the historical record.
	www.anc.org.za /un/conference/wminter.html (2895 words)

	AISA - Electronic Monograph: Towards Democratic Consolidation in Southern Africa? A Case Study of the Mozambique 2004 ...
		The Mozambican political elites defied all odds and demonstrated commitment to reconstruct their country from socio-economic dilapidation.
		On the election days, the Mozambican electorate arrived in numbers — voter turnout stood at 36.4%, to cast ballots for the candidates and parties of their choice.
		Their rational choices were based on the varied campaign manifestos and programmes of action presented by the parties, which promised to improve their socio-economic status.
	www.ai.org.za /electronic_monograph.asp?ID=32 (1097 words)

	Mozambique Alive - A Look into the History, Culture and Beauty of Mozambique \| global nomads group
		Fifty years of on-again, off-again war spent the patience of the Mozambican civilians and cost the lives of more.
		In 1962, the Mozambican Liberation Front (Frelimo) was founded to fight against the tyrannous rule of Portugal – an entity which took over rule as long ago as the early 16th century, following Vasco DaGama's search of a water route from Portugal to Asia.
		The Mozambican government joined the Soviet body Comecon, an economic co-operation of the Soviets and other Marxist-Leninist governments.
	www.gng.org /mozambique/about_mozambique/civil_war.html (839 words)

	SA pays tribute to Samora Machel
		President Thabo Mbeki would join his Mozambican counterpart Armando Guebuza and Machel's widow, Graca, at the site of the crash at Mbuzini in northern South Africa, where Machel and 34 others perished in October 1986.
		Born in 1933 in the southern Mozambican province of Gaza, Machel was the son of peasant farmers.
		It was in 1961, while training to be a nurse in Lourenco Marques (modern-day Maputo) that he had a decisive encounter with Eduardo Mondlane, the founder of the Mozambican Liberation Front, better known as Frelimo.
	www.news24.com /News24/AnanziArticle/0,6935,2-11-1447_2015680,00.html (464 words)

	Kituo cha katiba >> Graca Machel - Profile
		The Portuguese secret police pounced on the group in 1972 and dispersed it forthwith, forcing Machel to abandon her education and flee to Switzerland to escape the prison sentence that was almost certainly waiting for her in Mozambique.
		In 1973, while she was in Europe she joined the Marxist-based Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO), an 11-year-old efficiently organized resistance movement that was steadily gaining ground in the struggle against colonialism.
		Even more importantly, the Foundation inspired newly-hopeful Mozambicans to reach both forward towards self-reliance in the modern world, and backward, to take pride in their ancient tribal heritage.
	www.kituochakatiba.co.ug /graca.htm (1322 words)

	Mozambican National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana (RENAMO) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		President Chissano and the leadership of his party, the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), which has ruled the country since independence in 1975, control policymaking and implementation.
		Operated as a guerrilla insurgency against Mozambican Government and civilian targets; frequently ran cross-border operations into Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia, where it murdered and kidnapped numerous civilians and destroyed property.
		Mozambique's political transition continues to be largely successful and reintegration of areas controlled by the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO) during the war continue, with tensions limited to only a few districts by the end of 1997.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/renamo.htm (253 words)

	Mines of Mozambique
		This was a group of disaffected Mozambicans led by one Alfonso Dhlakama whose function was to destabilize that country, and keep it from effectively supporting Robert Mugabe's rebels.
		There are plenty of dead and maimed Mozambicans -- 10,000 dead from mines during the war, and at least 500 in the last 2 years.
		The front wheel of a jeep will do it -- or a road construction vehicle -- and there won't be much left afterward.
	www.kingsfield.com /cockburn/archives/articles/bc-mines.htm (2761 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Africa : Mozambique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Mozambican law allows conscription from the age of 18 but this age limit may be lowered during times of war.
		Africa Watch evaluates the progress made by the Liberation Front government toward a democratic system of government that respects civil and political rights.
		The 1990 Constitution and related legislation are the centerpiece of this transition, and represent the most wholehearted attempt to build an institutional and legal framework to guarantee respect for human rights so far attempted in the history of Mozambique.
	hrw.org /africa/mozambique.php (792 words)

	Mozambique
		In 1907, in an attempt to consolidate and enforce its power and to combat local corruption, Portugal moved the administration of Mozambique from Lisbon to offices in the colony itself.
		Mozambicans often identify primarily with a tribe and/or linguistic group.
		Those fighters were compelled to turn in their weapons, and a new national force, the Mozambican Defense Force, was established, including fifteen thousand men from each party.
	www.everyculture.com /Ma-Ni/Mozambique.html (5643 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| sa news Machel remembered at special service
		Clad in colourful t-shirts and caps adorned with Machel's picture, young and old came from Mozambique and South Africa to attend the occasion in Mbuzini, outside Nelspruit, where their hero died in October 1986.
		Mozambican president Joachim Chissano, former South African president Nelson Mandela and his wife Graça — Machel's widow — as well as Deputy President Jacob Zuma attended the service.
		Born in 1933, Machel joined the Mozambican Liberation Front (Frelimo) in 1962 and led its guerrilla forces before becoming the organisation's president in 1969.
	iafrica.com /news/sa/831043.htm (502 words)

	World Remembers Mozambican Leader Samora Machel
		Commemorations were held in Maputo, the Mozambican capital, and other cities around Africa -- as well as Havana, the Cuban capital.
		Samora Machel was a leader of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), founded in 1962.
		In commemoration activities today, it was recalled that Samora Machel began his political activities against Portuguese colonial rule in a Mozambican hospital where he protested the fact that Black nurses were paid less than whites doing the same job.
	www.periodico26.cu /english/history/zamoramachel101906.htm (471 words)

	O R Tambo - 1982
		The People's Republic of Mozambique is a creature of the correct responses which the Mozambican people under the leadership of FRELIMO made to the massacres, murders and destruction perpetrated by Portuguese fascist forces.
		That same comradeship found the Mozambicans fighting with MPLA in defence of the newly independent People's Republic of Angola in 1975/76, and joining the Zimbabwean people in their liberation war against the Rhodesian and South African regimes.
		The fact that the ANC has battled for liberation for 70 years points sharply to the indisputable fact that the colonialists and racists in South Africa have long overstayed their time.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/or/or82-3.html (3350 words)

	A Site about the South African Bushwar 1966 to 1989
		FNLA: National Liberation Front of Angola, freedom movement initially supported by the West and SADF, then faded into background.
		The environment ranges from the Namib desert in the west, semi desert in the centre of the common border area, to savannah and dense bush towards the Caprivi strip.
		It is equal to the distance between London and the Lithuanian-Belarus-Ukraine Border; or London and the Algave in Portugal, or London and the North-African Coast.
	www.geocities.com /sa_bushwar3/didyouknow (2153 words)

	Mozambicans living abroad to vote in next election - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM
		MAPUTO (AFP) - Some 200,000 Mozambicans living abroad, mostly in South Africa, will for the first time be able to cast ballots in the December presidential and parliamentary elections, electoral officials said yesterday.
		A former Portuguese colony, Mozambique will be holding its third multi-party elections on December 1 and 2 to elect a parliament and successor to President Joaquim Chissano, who is stepping down after 18 years in office.
		Chissano, leader of the governing Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), took power after Mozambican president Samora Machel died in a plane crash in 1986.
	www.jamaicaobserver.com /news/html/20040722T220000-0500_63282_OBS_MOZAMBICANS_LIVING_ABROAD_TO_VOTE_IN_NEXT_ELECTION.asp (246 words)

	Sweden and Mozambique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Almost 30 years after Mozambique's liberation, in June of 1975, the two nations continue narrowing their ties through many support programmes developed in the African country, assisted by numerous Swedish non-governmental organizations (NGO's) and government cooperation agencies.
		After supporting the Mozambique Liberation Front (Frelimo), who fought against the Portuguese colonial system, as well other resistance groups in other Portuguese speaking countries in Africa, Sweden started more recently to include in its aid programs the cultural cooperation between the two countries.
		Usually regarded in some nations as a second priority, sometimes third or fourth, the cultural development of a country is a good way to improve human rights, to promote the equality between women and men, and to give young people the chance to have your creativity stimulated and be more active in the society.
	www.jmk.su.se /global02/ana/swedenandmozambique.htm (627 words)

	[No title]
		Those who remained in Mozambican National Resistance-controlled zones were put to work, not maintaining the road, but cutting shallow trenches in rows across the paved portions in order to slow vehicular traffic to where it would be vulnerable to ambush.
		The one-armed, badly scarred and blinded kid whose sister leads him around to beg from the foreigners at the river front cafe in Quelimane is representative: he hit a mine with his mattock while working his family's machamba, or garden plot--well after hostilities had ended.
		The front wheel of a jeep will do it--or a road construction vehicle--and there won't be much left afterward.
	www.blackrosebooks.net /landm3.htm (2704 words)

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