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Topic: Mudstone

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	PEBBLY MUDSTONE
		The major problem with this is that the pebbly mudstones rest on several hundred metres of andesite [some of it tending towards basalt].
		My interpretation is that the pebbly mudstones almost entirely pre-date magmatism and that the andesites underneath the debris flow beds are high-level intrusives.
		Overall the pebbly mudstone unit is wedge shaped and was perhaps deposited in a half-graben generated by the extensional teconics that went on to cause the magmatism.
	www.soton.ac.uk /~cab1/pebmudstone.htm (202 words)

	HotBot Web Search for mudstone
		mudstone, shale and clay Colour: Black, grey, white, brown, red, dark green or blue.
		Mudstone - indurated mud; a mix of silt and clay sized particles.
		Mudstone Sedimentation at High Latitudes: Ice as a Transport Medium for Mud and Supplier of Nutrients...
	www.hotbot.com /inderelated6index.php?query=mudstone (239 words)

	1421 - Evidence - Moeraki image gallery
		Ballast slabs of 100m x 50m junk embedded in mudstone cliff.
		Ballast slabs of 100m x 50m junk fallen out of the mudstone cliffs.
		At this point a section of the junk's outline was located by magnetic anomaly survey 1.5m out from the cliff and for c30m along the shore line.
	www.1421.tv /pages/evidence/content.asp?EvidenceID=244 (966 words)

	Shear Banding in a Sedimentary Soft Mudstone Subjected to Plane Strain Compression
		The deformation characteristics of shear band in a sedimentary soft mudstone were evaluated by locally measuring axial and lateral deformations of specimens in drained PSC tests.
		Shear deformation and dilatancy of shear band that occurred between the peak stress state and the start of the residual stress state were on the order of 1 and 0.5 mm.
		Shear band deformation characteristics of two other sedimentary softrocks were obtained from axial strains measured locally in triaxial compression tests based on the stress-state dilatancy relationship obtained from the PSC tests.
	www.astm.org /DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/GEOTECH/PAGES/437.htm (240 words)

	Mudstone
		MUDSTONE is fine-grained sedimentary rock, lacking shale's lamination or fissility.
		In other words, it's Mud, turned into rock.
		Attributes can be found under Mud, however note that Mudstone's extreme age lends stability and solidity to what is already stable and solid; too much of anything can be too much...
	www.denelder.com /crystals/mudstone.html (98 words)

	Framboidal pyrite in Silurian mudstone from Central Wales
		Framboidal pyrite in Silurian mudstone from Central Wales
		That is a question that has stretched great minds for many decades.
		But this is epigenetic vein country, not fl shale-hosted sedex country, where the picture may be rather different.
	www.geologywales.co.uk /framboids.htm (182 words)

	Case Studies - PTTC Rockies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		9075-9077 - Gray, skeletal lime mudstone to wackestone.
		9114-9115 - Gray, skeletal lime mudstone to wackestone.
		9126-9130 - Brown, burrowed and dolomitic, skeletal lime mudstone to lime wackestone.
	www.mines.edu /research/PTTC/casestudies/lecrr/core2d.html (192 words)

	Tansill and Salado Formations
		Mudstone in cores from the Palo Duro Basin (Hovorka, 1990; 1994) is composed of subequal mixtures of arkosic silt and illite-montmorillonite-dominated clays.
		Mudstone and mudstone-halite beds form during periods of prolonged exposure of the halite flat (Fracasso and Hovorka, 1986; Hovorka, 1994).
		Permeability of mudstones is generally considered to be very low because of high clay content; siltstone and sandstone porosity is typically occluded by halite cement, although investigation of the extent to which these generalities are true at a site scale may be needed.
	www.beg.utexas.edu /environqlty/salt/salado.htm (1053 words)

	Mudstone (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The term mudstone encompasses siltstones (grains 4-62.5 µm in size) and claystones (grains less than 4µm in size) and those rocks containing a mixture of both clay- and silt-sized particles.
		Mudstone forms in a variety of environments resulting from the deposition of mud in, for example, oceans and freshwater lakes.
		Studying the fossils contained in a specimen of mudstone, and comparing them with the lifestyles of related modern organisms, can help to identify the type of environment in which the rock was formed.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /geology_revision/mudstone.html (103 words)

	Discussion of Cross Sections
		In the center of the Midland Basin (northwest Ector, east Andrews, east Gaines, and Midland Counties), this interval is 175 to 225 ft thick and contains two or three halite-mudstone cycles with thicker-than-average mudstone beds, overlain by several cycles with thin anhydrite beds and unusually thick (as much as 100 ft), relatively clean halite beds.
		In the north and east parts of the Midland Basin, the interval is thin and also composed of mudstone and insoluble residue.
		In the Delaware Basin, several hundred feet of fairly typical anhydrite-halite-mudstone cycles with minor polyhalite are correlated with this interval.
	www.beg.utexas.edu /environqlty/salt/discussion.htm (969 words)

	Nashville Fossils and Stratigraphy
		Mudstones are light green to greenish-gray; calcisiltites are light to medium gray.
		Mudstones are structureless, nonfissile, blocky; presumably thoroughly bioturbated.
		Mudstones are medium-bedded; calcisiltites to skeletal packstones are thin to very thin-bedded.
	www.uga.edu /strata/nashville/strata/facies.html (1148 words)

	Creation Science, Stratigraphy, Part Five
		The unit is a mixture of silt and clay derived from the north and west, and was deposited as a large delta in Fossil Lake.
		The Tunp is a red, conglomeratic, sandy mudstone with angular, poorly rounded to smooth, well-rounded clasts with a size range from pebble to boulder.
		Mudstones and siltstones were probably deposited along floodplains, with sands and conglomerates from the stream channels.
	www.answersincreation.org /stratigraphy5.htm (1870 words)

	Minnesota Mudstone & More Collection
		Mudstone or claystone are terms used more commonly for rocks that are mainly clay and silt that lack fine laminations.
		Mudstone is not useful as aggregate because it is not hard enough, though it is used some places on country roads where there is no alternative.
		Shale (and/or mudstone) is mined in parts of Minnesota and used as raw material for brick or as an ingredient for Portland cement.
	home.att.net /~bjgoetteman/Mudstone.html (359 words)

	[No title]
		At Fossil Creek, sandstone and mudstone of the Pennsylvanian Earp Formation are succeeded by intercalated sedimentary-pebble conglomerate, gray mudstone, and local coal.
		Lime mudstone and Origin unknown; dolomitic lime calcareous sandstone, silt perhaps interbedded mudstone and and carbonate fractions siltstone and mudstone calcareous subequal; burrowing mixed by bioturbation.
		The Epitaph Dolomite is a coeval facies of the Colina (fig.
	jan.ucc.nau.edu /~nrr/GLG240/blakey2a.htm (15825 words)

	Stack: Geologic Setting
		The folds of the study area are in sandstone dominated turbidites (Tuss), above a thin mudstone unit (Tum) of the undifferentiated Umpqua Group (Figure 1).
		SE at the contact with the mudstone unit to the south.
		Local variations, mainly at mudstone contacts, are shown as an overlay to the regional trend.
	nwdata.geol.pdx.edu /Thesis/FullText/1998/Stack/GeologicSetting.html (729 words)

	USGS Bulletin 2096 - Lithofacies of the Hangu Formation
		The red mudstone deposits are similar to those described in the eastern part of the Salt Range by Warwick and Shakoor (in press) and probably represent paleosol horizons.
		Roof rock ranges from carbonaceous shale to mudstone or sandstone that is rooted or burrowed.
		This environment of deposition is suggested by the abundance of burrowing found in the sandstone of the Hangu, the frequent mudstone intercalations in the formation, and the presence of marine fossils in the Hangu (Davies and Pinfold, 1937; Haque, 1956).
	pubs.usgs.gov /bul/b2096/hangu.htm (2374 words)

	Fossils in the San Francisco Bay Area
		Some layers of brown mudstone are plentiful in crab appendages - one boulder near the west side of the collecting has yielded several dozen of these, just by picking through the mudstone.
		Isolated barnacles are quite rare in the unconsolidated mudstone, but several have been collected and observed.
		These are quite attractive if collected from the mudstone, and if collected from the concreted rock, the part of the shell that does not break during extraction can be any shade of gray, blue gray, cream, and brown to golden brown.
	groups.msn.com /FossilsintheSanFranciscoBayArea/capitola1.msnw (1073 words)

	SOFIA - SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY... - Peace River Formation: Lithostratigraphy
		Both mudstones mapped on the southwestern and southeastern parts of Florida were deposited during the early Pliocene, possibly synchronously, as suggested by dating from Missimer (1997) for the W-16523 corehole in Lee County and the biochronology of the mudstones in Palm Beach and Martin Counties.
		The diatomaceous mudstone and terrigenous mudstone typically occur as a couplet with the diatomaceous mudstone underlying the terrigenous mudstone.
		Above the lower mudstone in much of the study area, the Peace River Formation is composed, from bottom to top, of clay-rich quartz sand, quartz sand, and pelecypod-rich quartz sand and sandstone (Table 1).
	sofia.usgs.gov /publications/papers/fgssp49/peaceriver.html (1013 words)

	MUDSTONE
		Mudstone and shale feel smooth, and a pure clay is not gritty when smeared between the fingers.
		Structure: When consolidated and relatively massive it is known as mudstone (or claystone); if finely bedded so that it splits readily into thin layers it is called shale.
		Being very fine-grained, clay is easily transported water into the sea and lakes, where it accumulates with silt, sand and calcareous organisms to form typical sequences of shales, siltstones, sandstone s and limestone s.
	www.hf.uio.no /iakk/roger/lithic/mudstone.html (245 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Mudstone
		Mudstone Whatever you're looking for you can get it on eBay.
		Orbite: Acquisition of an Alumina Clay 'Mudstones' Property in the Murdochville Area.
		CORRECTION FROM SOURCE/ORBITE: Acquisition of an Alumina Clay 'Mudstones' Property in the Murdochville Area.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Mudstone (326 words)

	Coastal Geology of Natural Bridges State Park
		The sedimentary particles which make up the mudstone are a combination of fine-grained silts and clays, which are brought down to the sea by streams, and the siliceous shells (called frustules) of numerous one-celled marine plants called diatoms.
		Subjected to pressure and heat (the earth's internal heat) by the burial process, some of the silica (a type of glass) dissolves and is later reprecipitated as a cement which binds the particles together.
		The characteristics peculiar to the Santa Cruz Mudstone are important to the way in which the coastal landscape evolves.
	www.es.ucsc.edu /~es10/fieldtripNBridge (2636 words)

	Blue Nile Gorge: Fossil Gallery
		Fragmentary limb bones from an associated crocodilian, Mugher Mudstone, Aleltu; (A) distal radius, (B) distal tibia, (C) proximal humerus, (D) distal humerus.
		Strongly amphicoelous caudal vertebrae are further evidence for the presence of mesosuchians in the Mugher Mudstone.
		Both teeth are from the Mugher Mudstone, Jema North; (A) tooth fragment, cf.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /mesozoic/bluenile/blue6.html (251 words)

	Nashville Fossils and Stratigraphy
		In the M1-M4 sequences, peritidal parasequences start with a thin intraclastic grainstone lag, are followed by burrowed lime mudstone facies, and are capped either by laminite or dolomitic laminite facies (left).
		In the M1-M4 sequences, peritidal-capped parasequences commonly consist of a basal bioturbated wackestone to packstone facies and an upper fenestral mudstone facies (left).
		This dolomitic mudstone may be peritidal in origin, but it lacks clear evidence of subaerial exposure.
	www.uga.edu /strata/nashville/strata/parasequences.html (572 words)

	Hannold Hill Formation
		The mudstone unit beneath the Exhibit Ridge Sandstone varies in thickness, and is not easily mapped.
		A reverse fault that is associated with a monoclinal fold exposes the upper mudstone unit against the overlying Canoe Fm.
		Within the monocline, rocks of the upper mudstone unit of the Hannold Hill Fm.
	home.att.net /~hannoldhill (861 words)

	Castle Rock Rainforest - How Fossils Leaves Are Recovered
		The mudstone layers are nearly pure sediments of mud and sand, with occasional small tunnels in a vertical position.
		However, the distinct layers of leaf mat and nearly fossil-free mudstone indicate that that the Castle Rock leaves were not preserved in the bottom of a lake.
		However, the leaves in our mat layers and the mudstone layers are very well preserved and don't contain the larger pebbles and rocks.
	www.paleocurrents.com /castle_rock/docs/making_of_fossil_rainforest.html (2270 words)

	Case Studies - PTTC Rockies
		The contact between this sandstone and the underlying shelf mudstone is sharp, burrowed, and erosional (Figs.
		From 4503 ft to the top of the core at 4470ft., the sediments are thin interbeds of burrowed to bioturbated muddy sandstone (Facies 3) and sandy mudstone (Facies 2) containing Skolithos and Terebellina (Fig.
		This mudstone is gradational upward into bioturbated, Skolithos-bearing, thinly-interbedded sandy mudstone (Facies 2) to muddy sandstone (Facies 3).
	www.mines.edu /research/PTTC/casestudies/hambert/sedimentology.html (665 words)

	mudstone - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 9 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word mudstone:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "mudstone" is defined.
		mudstone : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=mudstone (117 words)

	Estimation of Chloride Diffusion Coefficient and Tortuosity Factor for Mudstone (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An experimental estimation of the chloride diffusion coefficient and the corresponding tortuosity factor for a saturated, intact mudstone is described.
		Chloride and other species naturally occurring in the pore water are then permitted to diffuse out of the sample and into the distilled water reservoir for a period of up to 34 days.
		It is found, however, that the concentration profile obtained for bromide cannot be fitted by the diffusion theory, due to interactions between bromide and other species naturally occurring in the rock sample.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?9202976 (248 words)

	MUDSTONE Articles from AMAZINES.COM - The Article Database and EZine Publishers Database
		Mudstone is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds.
		The lack of fisility or layering in mustone may be due to original texture or the disruption of layering by burrowing organisms in the sediment prior to lithification.
		Mudrocks, mudstone and shale, comprise some 65% of all sedimentary rocks.
	www.amazines.com /Mudstone_related.html (369 words)

	Calcite Cements in a Fluvial Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Petrographic study reveals many similarities between the calcites in the sandstone and underlying mudstone and our conclusion is that the calcites form at the same time and therefore the calcite in the mudstone is not a soil-formed caliche but is more like the groundwater calcretes described by Pimental et al.
		The passage of water through the underlying mudstone layer was slowed due to its lower permeability, thereby creating a perched water table.
		Calcite cements display displacive fabrics such as floating grains and grains that are broken and filled with calcite at the base of the sandstone layers and the top of the underlying overbank deposit.
	pbisotopes.ess.sunysb.edu /lig/Conferences/abstracts_02/sookdeo/calcite_cements_in_a_fluvial_cyc.htm (2075 words)

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