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Topic: Muhammad Ali of Egypt

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	Muhammad Ali of Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Muhammad Ali was born in the town of Kavala, in the Ottoman Empire (within the present borders of Greece).
		The Mosque of Muhammad Ali in Cairo, Egypt.
		Muhammad Ali died in August 1849, and was buried in the imposing mosque he had commissioned, the Muhammad Ali Mosque, in the Citadel of Cairo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt (2064 words)

	Egypt under Muhammad Ali and his successors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The reign of Muhammad Ali and his successors over Egypt was a period of rapid reform and modernization that led to Egypt becoming one of the most developed states outside of Europe.
		Ali's intentions for Sudan was to extend his rule southward, to capture the valuable caravan trade bound for the Red Sea, and to secure the rich gold mines which he believed to exist in Sennar.
		Muhammad Ali, who had been granted the honorary rank of grand vizier in 1842, paid a visit to Istanbul in 1846, where he became reconciled to his old enemy Khosrev Pasha, whom he had not seen since he spared his life at Cairo in 1803.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Egypt_under_Muhammad_Ali_and_his_successors (4481 words)

	Muhammad Ali of Egypt - The Father of Modern Egypt
		Muhammad Ali of Egypt, who had arrived in Egypt as a junior commander in the Albanian forces, had by 1803 risen to commander.
		Muhammad Ali of Egypt, who has also been called the "father of modern Egypt," was able to attain control of Egypt because of his own leadership abilities and political shrewdness but also because the country seemed to be slipping into anarchy.
		According to the Treaty of 1841, Muhammad Ali of Egypt was stripped of all the conquered territory except Sudan but was granted the hereditary governorship of Egypt for life, with succession going to the eldest male in the family.
	www.travel-to-egypt.net /muhammad-ali.html (1124 words)

	Egypt - Muhammad Ali, 1805-48
		Muhammad Ali, who has been called the "father of modern Egypt," was able to attain control of Egypt because of his own leadership abilities and political shrewdness but also because the country seemed to be slipping into anarchy.
		Muhammad Ali represented the successful continuation of policies begun by the Mamluk Ali Bey al Kabir.
		According to the Treaty of 1841, Muhammad Ali was stripped of all the conquered territory except Sudan but was granted the hereditary governorship of Egypt for life, with succession going to the eldest male in the family.
	countrystudies.us /egypt/21.htm (1094 words)

	Muhammad Ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ali is also considered to be a major influence on rap music for his witty boastful rhyming speaking style.
		Holmes was Ali's sparring partner when Holmes was a budding fighter; thus, some viewed the result of the fight as a symbolic "passing of the torch." Holmes even admitted later that, although he dominated the fight, he held his punches back a bit out of sheer respect for his idol and former employer.
		His daughter Laila Ali also became a boxer in 1999 despite her father's earlier comments against female boxing in 1978: "Women are not made to be hit in the breast, and face like that...
	muhammad-ali.ask.dyndns.dk (2585 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Muhammad Ali of Egypt
		Muhammad `Ali; Pasha the Great; (many spelling variations, included Turkish Mehmet Ali (Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa), are encountered) (1769-August_2, 1849), was a viceroy of Egypt, and is sometimes considered the founder of modern Egypt.
		Muhammad Ali was an Albanian born in Kavaja.
		Muhammad `Ali was deposed in July 1848 on account of mental weakness, and died in August 1849.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt (424 words)

	Muhammad Ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ali's actions in refusing military service and himself with the Nation of Islam made a lightning rod of controversy turning the but popular former champion into one of era's most recognizable and controversial figures.
		Holmes Ali's sparring partner when Holmes was a fighter and because of that some viewed result of the fight as a symbolic of the torch." Holmes even admitted later although he dominated the fight he held punches back a bit out of sheer for his idol and former employer.
		Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 1982 following which his motor began a slow decline.
	www.freeglossary.com /Muhammad_Ali (1712 words)

	Egypt's Muhammad Ali The Great
		Muhammad Ali was born at Kavajë, Albania in 1769, and had served in the Ottoman army.
		Muhammad Ali immediately began to introduce economic and political reforms in Egypt, Westernization being the keynote of his activities.
		Muhammad Ali ruled Egypt till 1848 and died in 1849.
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/apr/article310.html (831 words)

	Muhammad Ali
		Ali's flamboyant boxing style and outspoken stances on social issues made him a controversial figure during the turbulent 1960s and early 1970s.
		Muhammad Ali, shah of Persia - Muhammad Ali, 1872–1925, shah of Persia (1906–9), son of Muzaffar ad-Din Shah, of the...
		Muhammad Ali, pasha of Egypt - Muhammad Ali, 1769?–1849, pasha of Egypt after 1805.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0803335.html (304 words)

	The Time of Muhammad Ali
		Muhammad Ali, a man of genius, slowly and methodically destroyed or bought off all his opponents until he became the only source of power in the country.
		Muhammad Ali's forces withdrew, but he was left in control of Syria and Crete.
		When Turkey entered the war on the side of Germany, Britain declared Egypt a protectorate and deposed Abbas II in favor of his uncle, Hussein Kamil, who was given the title of sultan.
	www.emayzine.com /lectures/egypt1798-1924.html (1133 words)

	Muhammad Ali Egypt Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Egypt of Muhammad 'Ali Ethiopia North Africa and Europeans Islam in Western Sudan Asante, British, and the Gold Coast East Africa, Arabs, and Europeans Southern Africans and Zulus...
		Muhammad Ali - Firman of Appointment as Pasha of Egypt
		Muhammad Ali, who has been called the "father.....army was forced to retreat to Egypt, and Muhammad Ali was obliged to accede to...
	www.muhammedali-dvd.co.uk /directory/Muhammad-Ali-Egypt.html (357 words)

	Muhammad Ali's Cairo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Muhammad Ali is one of those mythical figures whose origins are now shrouded in mystery.
		Muhammad Ali built his mosque to be the biggest in Egypt, and one of the largest in the world, which at the time of completion, it was.
		Muhammad Ali built his mosque on the Citadel, which was still the home of the ruling family at the time.
	inic.utexas.edu /menic/cairo/history/mohali/mohali.html (1871 words)

	Muhammad Ali Pasha
		Muhammad Ali was a member of the Ottoman forces left behind in charge of the city of Cairo.
		Muhammad Ali understood the threat that this posed, and he pleaded with the Sultan to mediate a negotiated peace, thus allowing Greek independence.
		Muhammad Ali died insane in August 2, 1849, and was buried in the imposing mosque he had commissioned, the Muhammad Ali Mosque, in the Citadel of Cairo.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/muhammadali.htm (3255 words)

	Modern Egypt - Detailed Modern Egyptian History
		Muhammad Ali was succeeded by Abbas Hilmi I, a genuine traditionalist with no interest in continuing the development plans of his grandfather.
		Although Egypt had a solid infrastructure, a sizeable local market, and an indigenous supply of capital, industrial development was stymied by a British trade policy that sought to protect the Egyptian market for British products and to maintain Britain's near monopoly on Egyptian cotton...
		Egypt considered the war a European conflict and hoped to avoid being entangled in it.
	www.travel-to-egypt.net /modern-egypt.html (476 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Special \| Muhammad Ali: A view from the new world (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Muhammad Ali (1805-2005) is a special series published fortnightly by Al-Ahram Weekly in anticipation of the international symposium commemorating the bicentennial of Muhammad Ali Pasha's acendancy to power, to be held in Egypt on 10 November.
		One reason why so many historians of Egypt may have been so willing to imagine the possibility that the country could have industrialised at such an early stage is their misunderstanding of the nature of technical transfer in these same years.
		A second optic through which to view the reign of Muhammad Ali is as a very early version of one of the great stories of the modern world, that is the forced modernisation of predominantly peasant societies, a process with which we are much more familiar in the tragic cases of China and Soviet Union.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/750/special.htm (1890 words)

	Muhammad Ali, pasha of Egypt. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		With his son, Ibrahim Pasha, Muhammad Ali conducted successful campaigns in Arabia against the Wahhabis.
		Muhammad Ali is credited for his many domestic reforms, which hastened the foundations for an independent Egypt.
		1977); A. Marsot, Egypt in the Reign of Muhammad Ali (1984).
	www.bartleby.com /65/mu/MuhammdAl1.html (316 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Ali's Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		What happened, Muhammad Ali told the Sultan in a letter explaining why it would be necessary to build vessels in Egypt, was that news of Egyptian naval preparations had reached Jiddah and his secret confederate, the Sharif, did not dare send the ships he had promised Muhammad Ali, lest his true loyalties be discovered.
		Muhammad Ali decided to send Admiral Ismail Jibraltar to England to ask the East India Company, then responsible for governing the India possessions, for their leave to sail into the Red Sea and up to Suez.
		After the campaign in Arabia had ended and the army returned safely to Egypt, the entire fleet was allowed to rot slowly away at anchor in Suez, decaying symbol of a dream which, if realized, might have profoundly affected the history of the Middle East for the rest of the 19th century.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/197006/ali.s.navy.htm (2040 words)

	Egypt
		Muhammad 'Ali, an Albanian military commander, succeeded in destroying the power of the Mamluks in Egypt and founded a new dynasty of Egyptian rulers in 1805.
		Muhammad 'Ali's price and prize being unfettered control over Egypt and the Sudan, and hereditary rule by his family.
		On the outbreak of the Great War, the unfortunate Khedive 'Abbas Hilmi II was convalescing at his palace on the shores of the Bosphorus, after an assassination attempt by an Egyptian student at the gates of the Sublime Porte.
	www.4dw.net /royalark/Egypt/egypt.htm (801 words)

	Egypt: In Depth : History : Muhammad Ali and His Successors \| Frommers.com
		Muhammad Ali and his successors ruled until the Egyptian revolution abolished the monarchy in 1952, although after 1882 they ceded most of their power to British occupiers.
		Muhammad Ali is considered the father of the modern Egyptian state whose dynasty reformed the Egyptian economy and centralized the government.
		Muhammad Ali's grandson, Abbas, built the first railroad while his son Said authorized the construction of the Suez Canal.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/egypt/0398030341.html (371 words)

	ipedia.com: Muhammad Ali Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 1982, following which his motor functions began a slow decline.
		In 1985, he was called on to negotiate for the release of kidnapped Americans in Lebanon; in 1996, to light the Olympic flame in Atlanta, Georgia.
		His daughter Laila Ali also became a boxer in 1999 despite of his earlier comments against female boxing in 1978: "Women are not made to be hit in the breast, and face like that...
	www.ipedia.com /muhammad_ali.html (1504 words)

	Gale * eNewsletters * Histroy * August 2004 * Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		After his imperial conquests in the Levant and Arabia, the Turkish Viceroy of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha (1769-1849), conquered the Sudan in 1821 to seek gold for his treasury, and territory to enlarge his personal empire, but primarily to acquire slaves for his army.
		In 1881 Muhammad Ahmad (1848-1885) declared himself to be the long-awaited Mahdi whose revolutionary cause was to dispel the religious practices of the Turks and their Christian surrogates and inaugurate a new age of Islamic righteousness.
		The primary interest of the khalifa in slavery, like that of Muhammad Ali, was not commercial but military, slaves for his loyal pretorian guard (mulazimiyya), ten thousand strong; it consisted of slaves from the jihadiyya troops of the Turks and the bazinqir irregular mercenaries of the Khartoumers.
	www.gale.com /enewsletters/history/2004_08/sudan.htm (4460 words)

	Tutankhamun & Mosque of Muhammad Ali - Photos of Egypt - Images of Ancient Egypt - Pictures of Egypt - Photos of ...
		By far the most important amulet in ancient Egypt was the scarab, symbolically as sacred to the Egyptians as the cross is to Christians.
		Muhammad Ali (1769-1849) was born in Greece of Albanian origin!
		He was with the Albanian troops which helped free Egypt from the French in 1800 and subsequently became their Commander.
	homepages.tcp.co.uk /~nicholson/egypt/cairo.html (471 words)

	Muhammad Ali - History - Egypt - Africa
		In 1798 France was at war with Britain, and French general Napoleon Bonaparte led a large-scale invasion of Egypt to disrupt British commerce in the region.
		The sultan refused, and Muhammad Ali invaded Syria in 1831, defeating the Ottoman forces and briefly creating an Egyptian empire that stretched from Crete to Syria and Arabia.
		Egypt could not industrialize on a large scale because of competition from foreign manufactures, but it did modernize its agriculture.
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/egypt/history/muhammad_ali.htm (607 words)

	Muhammad Ali, Viceroy of Egypt - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Muhammad Ali, Viceroy of Egypt - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Muhammad Ali (1769-1849) modernized the Egyptian economy, government, and military forces.
		His descendants ruled Egypt until the mid-20th century.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461543502/Muhammad_Ali_Viceroy_of_Egypt.html (29 words)

	AllRefer.com - Muhammad Ali, pasha of Egypt (North African History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Muhammad Ali, pasha of Egypt, North African History, Biographies
		Muhammad Ali 1769?–1849, pasha of Egypt after 1805.
		He was a common soldier who rose to leadership by his military skill and political acumen.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/MuhammdAl1.html (402 words)

	JewishGates.Com - The Definitive Source for Talmudic Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It was ruled by Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
		Their first attempt to intervene in the tragic situation was a petition addressed to Muhammad Ali, asking him to stop using torture.
		Both Muhammad Ali and the French wished to prevent an investigation into the events in Damascus.
	www.jewishgates.com /file.asp?File_ID=58 (766 words)

	THE REFORM EFFORTS OF MUHAMMAD ALI, PASHA OF EGYPT.
		In early nineteenth century, Egypt was a semi-autonomous state within the Ottoman Empire.
		At that time, Egypt’s leader, Muhammad Ali, instituted a series of modernizing reforms.
		This paper examines those reforms and considers how Muhammad Ali’s reform efforts were subsequently undermined during the reign of his son, Ismail Pasha.
	www.academicresearchpapers.com /abstracts/17000/17013.html (67 words)

	Architecture of the Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha - Cairo, Egypt
		Architecture of the Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha - Cairo, Egypt
		This is not surprising, since Muhammad Ali Pasha, himself, was and Ottoman general born in Albania, however by 1831 his own empire was at war with the Turks in Syria.
		Ali reciprocated with the obelisk at the Place de la Concorde in Paris.
	www.glasssteelandstone.com /EG/PashaMosque.html (337 words)

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