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Topic: Mujaheddin e Khalq

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	People's Mujahedin of Iran - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The MEK was officially designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation by the United States in 1997, in a bid to improve relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran, and is also proscribed by the European Union.
		The MEK, with the support of politicians and law makers across the globe, have repeatedly called for the terror tag be removed as a fundamental step forward in fighting terrorism and in establishing a democratic, secular government in Iran.
		Due to the MEK's rising influence among Iranian politics and increasing opposition to the Shah's dictatorship, many of their members were secretly imprisoned, tortured and executed by SAVAK, the Shah's secret police.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mujaheddin_e_Khalq (753 words)

	Terrorism - In the Spotlight: Mujaheddin-e Khalq Organization (MEK or MKO)
		In 1987, the MEK was driven from its headquarters in France and moved its base to Iraq, where Saddam Hussein gave the group shelter.
		The MEK in Iraq is estimated to possess approximately a division's worth of heavy equipment (tanks, armored personnel carriers and artillery).
		In October 2001, the leadership of the MEK was assumed by Moshgan Parsaii, a 36-year-old U.S.-educated woman, for a two-year period.
	www.cdi.org /terrorism/mek-pr.cfm (936 words)

	Iran making bioarms, opposition group says - 5/15/03
		The group, Mujaheddin-e Khalq, citing informants inside the Iranian government, said the anthrax weapons are the first fruits of a program begun secretly in 2001 to triple the size of Iran's biowarfare program.
		The Mujaheddin-e Khalq, also known as the People's Mujaheddin, is listed by the State Department as a terrorist group, though weapons experts and intelligence officials say many of the group's past claims about Iranian weapons programs have been largely reliable.
		Mujaheddin officials were unable to produce hard evidence to support the claim, but they described specific research facilities and named individual scientists who were placed in charge of the effort.
	www.detnews.com /2003/nation/0305/15/a04-165504.htm (470 words)

	Puzzle
		Many MEK supporters are also under the influence of motivated bias, which distorts their information processing by allowing individuals to see what they want to see; that the MEK is pro-U.S., pro-democracy and fighting only to free the Iranian people from their oppressive rulers.
		One reason the MEK never had support from all segments of Iranian society is that their membership did not represent the Iranian people at large; since its inception, religiously conservative sons from college-educated, leftist, middle class, urban, Persian-speaking Iranian families have dominated MEK membership.
		Under the terms of agreement, the MEK were forced to abandon their bases in Iraq, disable and leave all their weapons and fly white flags form their vehicles and as they moved to their main base in Baqubah on specified roads, all while being watched by U.S. aircraft.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~rtanter/F03_PS498_Papers/MEK.htm (8269 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Iran producing weaponized anthrax?
		The opposition group, Mujaheddin-e Khalq, cited informants inside the Iranian government who said Iran is developing its biological weapons alongside a more ambitious campaign to build massive nuclear facilities capable of producing components for nuclear bombs.
		The Post noted some of the Mujaheddin's Iraq-based military camps came under attack by U.S. forces during the war in an apparent attempt by the Bush administration to thaw relations with Iran.
		Mujaheddin officials insisted the timing of the release of their report is unrelated.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=32597 (584 words)

	washingtonpost.com: U.S. Troops Surround Iranian Opposition Group in Iraq
		Under the April 15 truce, the Mujaheddin-e Khalq could keep its weapons to defend itself against Iranian-backed attacks but had to stop manning checkpoints it had set up.
		The Mujaheddin-e Khalq was allied with Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's Islamic fundamentalists during the 1979 revolution that overthrew Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, but the new government soon banned it and other groups that advocated secular rule.
		During the 1970s, the group was accused in attacks that killed several U.S. military personnel and civilians working on defense projects in Iran, although the group denies targeting Americans.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A36593-2003May9?language=printer (322 words)

	Special Report
		Maryam Rajavi, considered the first lady of the Mujaheddin, was jailed on June 17 for 10 days, until a French judge ruled that she and her remaining entourage be freed pending judicial proceedings, if any.
		It is clear in retrospect that, because the Mujaheddin were fighting the Iranian army, ordinary Iranians began to believe that they were working against the national interests of their country.
		This writer's guess is that the Mujaheddin and the young Reza Pahlavi may have missed their chance to take over Iran, and that new leaders may emerge from within Iran itself.
	www.wrmea.com /archives/sept03/0309030.html (1329 words)

	Smallpox Biosecurity > Iran Said to Be Producing Bioweapons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although the Mujaheddin claimed neutrality in the U.S.-led campaign against Iraq, the Bush administration decided to bomb Mujaheddin bases in an apparent attempt to thaw relations with Iran.
		Mujaheddin officials said the timing of the release of their report on Iran's biowarfare program was unrelated to their problems with the U.S. government.
		Jafarzadeh, the spokesman, said the Mujaheddin had been gathering information about the program for months and had received critical new details from inside the Iranian government within the past few days.
	www.smallpoxbiosecurity.org /news_detail.asp?ID=15 (950 words)

	GN Online: Iran is producing anthrax, alleges opposition group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The group, Mujaheddin-e Khalq, citing informants inside the Iranian government, claims the anthrax weapons are the first fruits of a programme begun secretly in 2001 to triple the size of Iran's biowarfare programme.
		The Mujaheddin Khalq, also known as the People's Mujaheddin, is listed by the State Department as a terrorist group, though weapons experts and intelligence officials say many of the group's past claims about Iranian weapons programmes have been largely reliable.
		Mujaheddin officials said the timing of the release of their report on Iran's bio-warfare programme was unrelated to their problems with the U.S. government.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=87698 (578 words)

	Building a relationship with Iran \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		The State Department is said to have favored such a deal, but the Pentagon balked – arguing the Mujaheddin might be useful in fomenting regime change in Tehran.
		About 4,000 members of the Mujaheddin had been captured at their bases in Iraq, which they had used for years to conduct attacks against Iran.
		To assuage U.S. human-rights worries, Iranians pledged to grant amnesty to most of the 4,000 Mujaheddin captives, to forgo the death penalty for about 65 leaders who would be tried in Iranian courts, and to allow the International Committee of the Red Cross to supervise the transfer.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20040709/news_1e9ignatius.html (728 words)

	The Agonist: Iran building bioweapons
		WaPo: Iran has begun production of weaponized anthrax and is actively working with at least five other pathogens, including smallpox, in a drive to build an arsenal of biological weapons, according to an opposition group that previously exposed a secret nuclear enrichment program in the country.
		The group, Mujaheddin-e Khalq, citing informants inside the Iranian government, says the anthrax weapons are the first fruits of a program begun secretly in 2001 to triple the size of Iran's biowarfare program.
		Weapons experts and intelligence officials say many of the group's past claims about Iranian weapons programs have been largely reliable.
	www.agonist.org /archives/002416.html (118 words)

	Pacific News Service > News > U.S. Declares Truce With Terrorist Group
		On April 15, the U.S. Central Command negotiated a truce with the People’s Mujaheddin of Iran (Mujaheddin-e Khalq, also known by the acronyms MKO or MEK), which is based in Iraq and fighting to depose Iran’s government.
		The People’s Mujaheddin, which is the militant political core of the National Resistance Council of Iran, constitutes a 10,000 strong paramilitary fighting force, and has been in existence for many decades.
		The de facto leader of the People’s Mujaheddin, Masoud Rajavi (the group is formally led by Rajavi's "political wife" Maryam), met with Saddam Hussein in 1986 at a time when it was widely known in Iran that Iraq was employing poison gas against Iranians.
	news.pacificnews.org /news/view_article.html?article_id=24f8852424693b68fec72709b86acd4a (1111 words)

	EurasiaNet Eurasia Insight - French Raid Throws Exiled Iranian Mujaheddin e-Khalq Into Spotlight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The State Department, which has officially labeled MEK a terrorist organization, has argued that MEK’s reputation and tactics run counter to Bush’s desired outcomes in Iran and could subvert deals proposed to the Iranian government in January.
		The MEK survived by targeting Iranian leaders for assassination, sharing intelligence with Saddam Hussein’s regime, and preparing its 6,000-member army for a return to Iran.
		A Wall Street Journal reporter who visited MEK bases in 1994 wrote of forced indoctrination, children being held "hostage" from their parents, beatings and total isolation from the outside world.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/insight/articles/eav061803.shtml (1114 words)

	NCRI: Iranian Regime's Programs for Biological Weapons- 5-15-03
		Now, as far as the documentation is concerned, first of all, contrary to like the nuclear weapons program that you need a real large site that's difficult to hide or difficult to move around, that we were able to give specific details last time, and the regime was not able to hide it.
		Rajavi is concerned, they are continuing the efforts that they have been doing for the past two decades, which is leading a resistance movement, leading a movement that is fighting for freedom and wants to eliminate the fundamentalist rulers of Iran, and they are continuing to do so.
		Therefore, as far as the principles of the mujaheddin are concerned, as they have stated, based on the two principles of independence, as they have been all throughout these years, and noninterference in the internal affairs of Iraq, they will continue their activities so long as their safety and security is guaranteed.
	www.iranwatch.org /privateviews/NCRI/perspex-ncri-cbw-051503.htm (4234 words)

	What is the People's Mujaheddin of Iran? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The MEK originated in the 1960s and was described by the pro-US monarchist regime of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi as an “Islamic-Marxist” organisation.
		The MEK moved its base of operations to Iraq and Baghdad provided the MEK with tanks, armoured personnel carriers and artillery, which it used to launch military assaults across the Iraqi border into Iran.
		The MEK participated in the Hussein regime's bloody suppression of the Iraqi Shiite uprising in 1991.
	www.greenleft.org.au /back/2003/542/542p12b.htm (848 words)

	Ulster Protestant Movement for Justice 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU): The primary aim of IMU is to establish an Islamic state in the model of the Taleban in Uzbekistan.
		Lashkar e Tayyaba (LT): LT seeks independence for Kashmir and the creation of an Islamic state using violent means.
		Mujaheddin e Khalq (MeK): The MeK is an Iranian dissident organisation based in Iraq.
	www.upmj.co.uk (1784 words)

	Foreign & Commonwealth Office Mujaheddin e Khalq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Mujaheddin e Khalq (MeK) is an Iranian dissident organisation based in Iraq.
		The MeK fought along side the supporters of Ayatollah Khomenei to overthrow the Shah of Iran, but after the revolution it broke away from Khomenei and became the main opposition to the regime.
		In June 2000 the Iranian government claimed to have foiled an MeK plot to assassinate the former Iranian foreign minister, Ali Akbar Velayati.
	www.fco.gov.uk /servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1049909002386 (226 words)

	Rice Clarifies Stand On Iranian Group (washingtonpost.com)
		The MEK is a highly sensitive issue for Iran, which has privately suggested to the administration that it will turn over al Qaeda members in exchange for captured members of the MEK.
		The MEK has been campaigning for several decades to overthrow the Iranian government, and since 1987 has been operating out of Iraq with the backing of Saddam Hussein.
		While the State Department pressed for MEK members to be treated as terrorists, some Pentagon officials appeared to view them as a possible vanguard against the Iranian government.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A33885-2003Nov12?language%3Dprinter (738 words)

	House of Commons Hansard Debates for 13 Mar 2001 (pt 40)
		Members would have doubts about Mujaheddin e Khalq, which is attempting to impose--if that is the word--a democratic regime in Iran.
		They are among the relatives of an estimated 30,000--yes, 30,000--political prisoners butchered by the regime in Iran in the single year of 1988, and of the estimated 700 people executed under the rule of the so-called reformist President Khatami, and of the 35 political opponents that the regime has murdered abroad.
		They argue that the mujaheddin has no acknowledged presence in the UK, although it is supported here by the National Council of Resistance--the same body that was invited for many years to the annual Labour party conference.
	www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk /pa/cm200001/cmhansrd/vo010313/debtext/10313-40.htm (1735 words)

	IranExpert:Iranian guerrilla army complicates U.S. plans
		MEK spies were the first to blow the whistle on Iran's suspected nuclear weapons program and the group has repeatedly scooped U.S. intelligence agencies in monitoring Iran's weapons programs.
		Rumsfeld with a letter claiming MEK members are still armed and attacking Iran with the acquiescence of U.S. troops.
		Still, some analysts suggest the U.S. may be hoping to use the MEK as a bargaining chip to gain access to some of Osama bin Laden's top associates who are being held secretly by Iran.
	www.iranexpert.com /2003/guerrillaarmy15september.htm (956 words)

	Washington Puzzles over the Mujahedeen-e Khalq [Weblog] - Daniel Pipes
		The mujaheddin hosted a banquet for the Americans, laying out a spread of chicken and French fries after showing off a new museum dedicated to the history of their struggle.
		The Iranians promised amnesty to most of the 3,800 MEK members and not to apply the death penalty for the roughly 65 leaders who would be tried.
		Newsweek reports that the Bush administration "is seeking to cull useful MEK members as operatives for use against Tehran, all while insisting that it does not deal with the MEK as a group.
	www.danielpipes.org /blog/80 (1396 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Blix Calls for the Return of U.N. Inspectors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Vincent K. Brooks said that the military has reached a cease-fire with Mujaheddin-e Khalq, an armed group of Iranian dissidents which had been backed by Hussein.
		Also known as the People's Mujaheddin, the group has sought to overthrow Iran's Islamic government and is on a U.S. government list of terrorist organizations.
		Shiite Muslims flocked to Najaf -- burial shrine of Imam Ali, son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad -- and Karbala, where Hussein, Muhammad's grandson, was martyred in the 7th century.
	newsblaster.cs.columbia.edu /archives/2003-04-23-01-59-35/web/NBproxy.cgi?sentence=259 (1436 words)

	WashingtonPost110903 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Mujaheddin has been campaigning for several decades to overthrow the Iranian government, and since 1987 it has been based in Iraq with the backing of former Iraqi president Saddam Hussein.
		Ricardo Sanchez, the senior military commander in Iraq, indicated that the Mujaheddin had not been disarmed and still had the ability to slip across the Iranian border.
		The struggle over the Mujaheddin-e Khalq has mirrored a larger battle within the administration over policy toward Iran, and also sheds light on the ongoing policy rivalry between the State and Defense Departments.
	www.iran-interlink.org /files/News/washingtonpost110903.htm (882 words)

	Wampum: Return of the ... One True King (part 8)
		grant amnesty to most of the 4,000 Mujaheddin-e Khalq captives, to forgo the death penalty for about 65 leaders who would be tried in Iranian courts and to allow the International Committee of the Red Cross to supervise the transfer.
		For those that do follow American politics, giving blanket amnesty to al Qaeda cadres who choose to be disarmed and taken into custody in Iran, and not invoking what amounts to an extradition agreement to interrogate senior members of the al Qaeda movement, should contribute to "regime change" in Washington.
		Far more important than MEK's tanks and other weapons, of which they had plenty, is their modern, democratic interpretation of Islam which undermines everything the mullahs' fundamentalist Islam stands for.
	wampum.wabanaki.net /archives/001005.html (968 words)

	[No title]
		During the 1970s, the MEK was at the forefront of opposition to the Shah.
		Known or suspected members of MEK face either execution or long prison terms if caught in Iran.[4c] The organisation claimed responsibility for 2 attacks in June 1998,including one a revolutionary court where three people died as a result.
		In August 1998 the MEK took responsibility for an attack on the former head of Evin Prison.
	www.asylumlaw.org /docs/iran/ind99b_iran_ca.htm (13559 words)

	IRAQ INCREASE SUPPORT TO MKO AGAINST IRAN
		The defector, who’s identity and rank has not been revealed, portrayed a Saddam "unchastened" by his 1991 defeat in the Gulf war, still plotting against his neighbours and able to import substantial weaponry despite an international embargo.
		The Iraqi support for these other groups, the defector said, was not just to undermine the regime in Tehran but also to dilute the strength of the Mujaheddin-e Khalq, the very group Saddam purports to back.
		The intelligence sources also noted that both Saddam and the MKO’s provocations against Iraq’s neighbours are in "direct relation" with increase in Baghdad’s oil revenues and the unofficial end to international embargo.
	www.iran-press-service.com /articles_2000/dec_2000/iraq_iran_mko_101200.htm (617 words)

	donga.com [english donga]
		The report suggests that the U.S. has erased Iranian dissident group Mujaheddin E Khalq (MEK) from the State Department’s terrorist groups list a few months ago, and secretly proceeded with military training thereafter for the regime change.
		MEK was classified as a terrorist group for killing U.S. officials, but it is said that the neo-cons of the U.S. Defense Department recently judged that the group could be used to topple the Iranian regime.
		The neo-cons believe that MEK could be used in a similar way to the Iraq National Congress (INC).
	english.donga.com /srv/service.php3?bicode=060000&biid=2004091620518 (255 words)

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