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Topic: Multitier architecture

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	Three-tier (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Multitier architecture.
		In computing, Three-tier is a client-server architecture in which the user interface, functional process logic ("business rules"), data storage and data access are developed and maintained as independent modules, most often on separate platforms.
		Apart from the usual advantages of modular software with well defined interfaces, the three-tier architecture is intended to allow any of the three tiers to be upgraded or replaced independently as requirements or technology change.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Three-tier_(computing) (397 words)

	Lenny Zeltser - Firewall Deployment for Multitier Applications
		Multitier architecture of the application allows you to design the network in a way that mirrors the grouping of the application's components so that you can segment resources based on their exposure sensitivity and the likelihood that they can be compromised.
		You may elect to use this architecture if the expense of deploying and maintaining multiple firewalls is not warranted by the risk of hosting servers on the same subnet.
		Juxtapose this design against the architecture of a multitiered application in Figure 1, and you will see that it closely mirrors the roles and requirements of the application's components, and allows a fine-grained control over access to servers in each tier.
	www.zeltser.com /multi-firewall (2472 words)

	Multitier architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In software engineering, multi-tier architecture (often referred to as n-tier architecture) is a client-server architecture in which an application is executed by more than one distinct software agent.
		For example, an application that uses middleware to service data requests between a user and a database employs multi-tier architecture.
		The most widespread use of "multi-tier architecture" refers to three-tier architecture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Multitier_architecture (99 words)

	Multitier Application Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Emerging application architectures are multitiered featuring thin clients requiring no application installation or support, application servers that manage the business logic, and data sources on various platforms.
		Application architectures of the future will be distributed and integrated.
		The goal of this architecture is to allow new applications to be easily assembled from prefabricated components.
	users.rcn.com /ieeeworc/97-98/98-05-18.html (336 words)

	COM+ Overview for Microsoft Visual Basic Programmers (COM+ Technical Articles)
		One of the greatest strengths of a multitier architecture is that it hides the complexity of a company's evolving IT infrastructure from client applications.
		MicrosoftÃ‚Â’s entire multitier strategy is based on the assumption that companies would rather have someone else create the generic yet critical pieces of a framework for distributed applications.
		Some multitier applications require that certain users or applications receive notifications of interesting events—such as the hiring of a new employee, a change in a stock price, or a drop in inventory level that requires restocking.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/dncomser/html/complus4vb.asp?frame=true (9149 words)

	Database Connectivity in WebLogic
		This paper reviews DBMS client-server architecture, introduces the multitier concept, and explains how WebLogic's JDBC is ideally suited for creating data-oriented or multitier applications for both intranet and Internet applications, particularly on the World Wide Web.
		Multitier architecture (sometimes called three-tier) extends the standard client-server architecture (also known as two-tier) by placing a multithreaded application server between the client and the DBMS.
		Second, in the multitier configuration, the WebLogic Server maintains a connection to the DBMS on behalf on a Java WebLogic Client.
	www.weblogic.com /docs/techoverview/t3db.html (1930 words)

	Client-server architecture: What's the ideal strategy? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Client-server architectures exist to provide organizations flexible and robust infrastructures that, depending on how they are designed, can cater to specific business needs.
		The recent e-business endeavors have brought the client-server/Web-server architecture to light and have sparked much debate as to whether it is more beneficial to run applications on the server side or client side.
		Client-side architecture also suggests that as applications become more demanding and complex, the client needs to take a larger portion of the processing burden away from the server.
	www.unisysworld.com /monthly/2001/05/clientserver.shtml (964 words)

	Multitier Architecture for High Performance Data Mining (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since they want to derive patterns from all of their data, the architecture should not limit the size of data sets that can be handled, for example to main memory capacity.
		The most obvious drawback of the one-tier architecture is the size of the data set that can be mined and the speed of the mining process.
		In a two-tier architecture the data mining tool completely resides on the client but there is no need to copy data to it in advance.
	www.dmreview.com /article_sub.cfm?articleId=1006859 (3778 words)

	IT Management: Enterprise Applications
		Developers are starting to use new client/server development tools, distributed-object architectures, and new data and process-messaging and middleware technologies to shoot that digital curtain protecting the data from the app full of holes.
		In this emerging multitiered world, developers can build complex client/server apps based purely on business process, business needs, and end users' requirements as if they'll be running on a single unified computer with a single memory space and worry about how to partition the "single" application into its logical layers later.
		That means using a logical architecture and settling on its layered structure as late as possible in the process.
	itmanagement.earthweb.com /entdev/print.php/602701 (1363 words)

	Page 1 of Assignment 4
		Multitier Application Architectures

The growth and acceptance of the Internet in both businesses and homes is changing the face of many industries - and the information systems that support them.

With a browser on virtually every desktop, companies can deploy a multitier architecture in which Web servers act as a middle tier, managing interactions with Web-based clients.

A Web-based client architecture may have three or more layers.

The challenge is selecting an application architecture and component design that meets the evolving user needs (whether they be customers, partners, or internal staff) as well as the enterprise's own IT requirements.

Users Have Heightened Requirements

Internet users have heightened expectations for application availability and reliability.

www.linkline.com /personal/chengchien/source/assignment04_01.txt.htm (538 words)

	SourceBook - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		To allow for more flexibility in the use of software tools in the pharmaceutical research environment, several vendors are developing multitier software architectures that provide an ideal infrastructure for deploying and managing easy-to-use data-mining algorithms and predictors.
		Multitier architectures also support the global deployment of predictors.
		Scientific advances in modeling data and predicting outcomes are further enhanced by new multitier architectures that ease their use.
	buyersguide.bio-itworld.com /public/index.php/intro/13 (738 words)

	NetworkToIt.com...Networking Directory Center
		Client-servers is a network application architecture which separates the client (usually the graphical user interface) from the server.
		Multitier architecture, in software engineering, multi-tier architecture (often referred to as n-tier architecture) is a client-server architecture in which an application is executed by more than one distinct software agent.
		A bus network is a network architecture in which a set of clients are connected via a shared communications line, called a bus.
	www.networktoit.com (326 words)

	Application Servers - Session 6 Handout
		EJB technology supports application development based on a multitier, distributed object architecture in which most of an application's logic is moved from the client to the server.
		The architecture of the application is depicted in Illustration 1.
		Multitier applications provide a number of significant advantages over traditional client/server architectures, including improvements in scalability, performance, reliability, manageability, reusability, and flexibility.
	www.nyu.edu /classes/jcf/g22.3033-011_fa01/handouts/g22_3033_011_h61.htm (6318 words)

	Database Programming and Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For these reasons, most emerging application architectures are multitiered--they feature thin clients (for example, browsers requiring no application installation or support), application servers that manage the business logic, and data sources on various platforms.
		The goal of a such an architecture is to assemble new applications from prefabricated components; these components may be purchased components or applications, "wrapped" legacy applications, and custom-built ones.
		Web applications are multitier architectures where the client is a universal browser and all the business logic is executed at the middle tier.
	www.dbpd.com /vault/9802feat.htm (4486 words)

	Research -- RENE (Rice Everywhere NEtwork) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		We are currently developing a simulation acceleration testbed and a multitier network interface card (mNIC) consisting of DSP processors, custom VLSI ASICs, and FPGAs for baseband signal processing to interact with the various RF units and the host processor.
		Our key innovations are a first-of-its-kind multitier network interface card, intelligent proxies that enable a new level of graceful adaptation in unmodified applications, and a novel approach to hierarchical and coarse-grained Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning.
		However, to create a truly integrated multitier mobile interface, the baseband processing and control must be integrated for efficient handoff [7].
	cmc.rice.edu /research/rene (2137 words)

	Geodatabase Architecture
		The geodatabase is a multitier architecture (application and storage), where aspects related to data storage and retrieval are implemented in the storage (RDBMS) tier as simple tables, while high-level data integrity and information processing functions are retained in the application software (GIS).
		The geodatabase is implemented using the same multitier application architecture as you find in other advanced RDBMS applications.
		The geodatabase architecture is based on simple relational storage and combined with advanced application logic.
	www.esri.com /software/arcgis/geodatabase/about/architecture.html (433 words)

	CIOL : Servers : Evolution of server architectures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Though this architecture is effective, it is expensive, difficult to maintain and does not easily support graphical user interfaces.
		With the multitier architecture or the 3-tier architecture, processing can be centralized in at the middle tier.
		However the evolution of multi-tier architecture heralded the arrival of web servers and with the e-enabling initiatives of enterprises to go online for business prospects, a new debate was thrown up as to which model was best suited for a cost effective and performance oriented solutions.
	www.ciol.com /content/search/showarticle1.asp?artid=35576 (926 words)

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		The reason for this transition is the fact that multitier applications promise to combine the verve and panache of client/server applications with the ruggedness and scalability of the big iron (mainframe systems).
		The tools for multitier programming are relatively new, and developers who have knowledge of multitier development are at a premium.
		Multitier applications that use Web browsers and IIS typically use an RDBMS, such as SQL Server or Oracle, as the data tier.
	solsuite.altervista.org /ch11/ch11.htm (5428 words)

	Page 1 of Assignment 3
		Multitier Application Architectures

The growth and acceptance of the Internet in both businesses and homes is changing the face of many industries - and the information systems that support them.

With a browser on virtually every desktop, companies can deploy a multitier architecture in which Web servers act as a middle tier, managing interactions with Web- based clients.

www.linkline.com /personal/chengchien/source/assignment03-01.txt.htm (637 words)

	Introduction
		With the client-server architecture, however, clients use server-specific, client-side APIs to access a server, and each API provides access to a single category of services, such as database or messaging.
		In spite of its advantages, the client-server architecture still produces client-side applications that are large, complex, platform- and vendor-specific, and difficult to deploy and maintain.
		A multitier architecture based on open standards preserves the advantages of the client-server architecture while simplifying the complexity by adding an additional tier between clients and the services they access.
	www.weblogic.com /docs51/intro/intro_chap1.html (3579 words)

	Essential Multitier J2EE Design Patterns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The J2EE platform is fundamentally a multitiered, distributed application model where application logic is divided into components according to function.
		However, if you aren't careful with J2EE or any multitier architecture, you can end up with a system that is many times slower than a two-tier system.
		Multitier designs have more components to keep track of, and the success of many multitier projects hinges on divvying up tasks into appropriate components and properly organizing the results.
	www.oracle.com /technology/oramag/oracle/03-jan/o13j2ee.html (2728 words)

	Multitier architecture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In (Click link for more info and facts about software engineering) software engineering, a multi-tier architecture is used to describe one in which a degree of separation is attained by one or many software agents between discrete components in order to facilitate processing in some manner.
		An example of this would be the use of (Click link for more info and facts about middleware) middleware to more efficiently service data requests between a user and a (An organized body of related information) database.
		The most widespread use of this term refers to the (Click link for more info and facts about three-tier architecture) three-tier architecture.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mu/multitier_architecture.htm (182 words)

	Building and Managing the Meta Data Repository: A Full Lifecycle Guide - Chapter 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Most existing meta data repository architectures are based on a two-tier client/server foundation, such that the repository runs on a database server, which in turn is accessed by a number of client applications.
		With the rapid emergence and adoption of Web-based applications, such as those used for electronic commerce, a component-based multitier architecture is an important requirement for an advanced meta data repository.
		Given that most enterprises deploy multiple tools in their data warehousing and decision support environments, it is important for them to be able to track the meta data dependencies and lineage across the various tools.
	www.businessintelligence.com /print_biextract.asp?id=1&page=4 (1345 words)

	What Is WebLogic Server?
		A multitier architecture determines where the software components that make up a computing system are executed in relation to each other and to the hardware, network, and users.
		Applications based on a multitier architecture require reliability, scalability, and high performance in the middle tier.
		RMI architecture is similar to the CORBA architecture.
	e-docs.bea.com /wls/docs60/intro/chap1.html (5204 words)

	java events 1
		One goal of the architecture is dynamic development within a direct manipulation GUI environment through drag and drop and linking operations.
		For example, a database application in a multitier architecture might include a thin client applet that supports only data display and input (including user commands), a Web server to which the client connects, and a separate database engine to which the server connects.
		Another goal of the EJB architecture is to remove common distributed application functions -- such as transaction processing, access control, and security -- from the application.
	www.cs.unc.edu /Courses/comp118-s00/docs/lessons/java/java_ejb (854 words)

	DBMS - January 1998 - Server Side (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The newly extended Sybase database server, positioned in the context of a multitier architecture, aims to address all OLTP transaction performance, DSS query performance, mobile and mass deployment, processing of complex datatypes, multitier database application architectures, component-based rapid application de-velopment, and of course, extended support of Internet technology.
		Some of these features, such as support for parallel machine architectures, are essential to maintain Sybase’s place as a serious player in the database technology league.
		However, similar to Oracle’s cartridge-based architecture, large parts of the Sybase Adaptive Component Architecture are still plans, promises, and architectures of future releases — vaporware that runs very well on overhead projectors and corporate white papers.
	www.dbmsmag.com /9801d17.html (3042 words)

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Users Have Heightened Requirements