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Topic: Municipalities of Romania

	7 Invitees - Romania
		Romania is located in South-East Central Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea.
		The parallel of 45º north latitude (midway between the Equator and the North Pole) crosses Romania 70 km north of the capital, and the meridian of 25º east longitude (midway between the shore of the Atlantic and the Ural Mountains) passes 90 km west of Bucharest.
		Romania is situated at the contact of Central Europe with Eastern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula, at the junction of major west-east and north-south European routes.
	www.nato.int /invitees2004/romania/glance.htm (1315 words)

	ECEE - Romania Market Brief
		Romania’s power sector is currently in the early stages of a radical restructuring, of which the creation of CONEL is the first stage.
		Romania is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change, and has undertaken to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 8% relative to 1989 levels by 2008-12.
		Above the municipalities are the 42 counties, responsible for co-ordinating the actions of the municipalities.
	www.ecee.org /pubs/romania.htm (2114 words)

	Botosani
		BotoЕџani (population:115,069) is a city in the North of Moldavia, Romania and it is the capital of the BotoЕџani County.
		Romania's greatest poet (Mihai Eminescu, 1850-1889) was born near BotoЕџani, in IpoteЕџti.
		Volksbank Romania estimates for this year a EUR 10-12 mln profit, given the fact the market is developing, stated the new president of the bank, Gerald Schreiner.
	www.transporteon.com /Destinations-B/Botosani.php (481 words)

	Roman, Romania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Roman (German: Romanvarasch, Hungarian: Románvásár) is a middle-sized city in the middle area of Moldavia, a region of Romania.
		It is located 46 Km East of Piatra Neamţ, in the Neamţ County at the confluence of Siret and Moldova rivers.
		On December 15 the Roman railway station, still in use today, was opened to the public.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roman,_Romania (872 words)

	Trado - Countries - Romania
		The National Bank of Romania (NBR), the country's central bank, is the sole issuer of notes and coins to be used as legal tender on the territory of Romania.
		Romania is one of the few ex-communist countries to establish economic relations with the European Communities (today's European Union) even before 1989.
		The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania and Bucharest Municipality is a non-governmental, public-interest, self-sufficient organization meant to promote Romanian trade and industries both at home and abroad, and to defend the interests of Romanian traders before the domestic authorities and in their relations with specialized foreign organizations.
	www.trado.org /Cou/RO/CouROFin.aspx (1081 words)

	[No title]
		At the municipal, town and commune levels, the legislative function is performed by respective Councils, the members of which are elected for 4-year terms through direct, universal suffrage (under the Law on Local Elections, No. 70, November 26, 1991) within their administrative territory.
		The framework for county and self-governing (municipal, town, commune) finances, including the types of revenues, preparation of the budget, and execution of revenues and expenditures is defined in several different laws and regulations.
		Specific county and municipal government revenue sources are listed each year in the annual budget law, with reference to the law, decree or ordinance which defines the revenue sources in question.
	www.rec.org /REC/Programs/Telematics/CAPE/qualsrvy/CRro.doc (7830 words)

	V. Country Narratives -- Countries Q through Z
		Romania is a source and transit country for persons trafficked for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labor, including in organized begging rings, to Balkan countries and the EU — particularly Spain, France, and Italy.
		Romania’s anti-trafficking legislation specifically covers trafficking for the purposes of both sexual and non-sexual exploitation and provides for appropriate penalties.
		Municipalities operate women’s shelters throughout the country that admit and care for trafficking victims.
	www.state.gov /g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2005/46616.htm (17502 words)

	ICL - Romania - Constitution
		Romania fosters and develops peaceful relations with all the states, and in this context, good neighborly relations, based on the principles and other generally recognized provisions of international law.
		(2) The decrees issued by the President of Romania in the exercise of his powers, as provided for under Article 91 (1) and (2), 92 (2) and (3), 93 (1), and 94 (a), (b) and (d) shall be countersigned by the Prime Minister.
		(4) In case the President of Romania demands reconsideration of the law passed according to Paragraph (3), the debate thereon shall be carried in the joint session of both Chambers.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/ro00000_.html (10035 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Dej (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Here in 1601, the general Giorgio Basta killed Michael the Brave, one of Romania's greatest national heroes (the Prince who united under one rule for the first time the three principalities of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia, largely inhabited by Romanians).
		Other sites: the "Dr. Teodor Mihaly" and "Dr. Alexandru Vaida-Voevod" memorial houses, and the Ocna Dej spa, said to be well suited for the treatment of locomotor system diseases, asthenia, debility and rachitis.
		Category:Cluj County Category:Municipalities in Romania Category:Transylvaniabs:Dej de:Dej eo:Dej hu:DÃ©s nl:Dej ro:Dej
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Dej (463 words)

	County (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The County of Oslo is equivalent to the municipality of Oslo.
		The administrative subdivisions of Romania are called jude&355; (plural: jude&355;e), name derived from jude, a mayor and judge of a city (akin to English judge; both are derived from Latin) Presently Romania is subdivided into 40 counties and the capital, Bucharest having a separate status.
		At the County level there is a county administrative board led by a governor appointed by the central government of Sweden, as well as an elected county council that handles a separate set of issues, notably hospitals and public transportation.
	county.iqnaut.net (2240 words)

	The Seoul Times
		Romanias action in the Council is also inspired from its experience during the Chairmanship-in-Office of the OSCE in 2001.
		In spite of the still young diplomatic relations Romania and South Korea normalized their ties in 1990 the political dialogue between Bucharest and Seoul, both under the bilateral and the multilateral framework is described by the highest ranking officials in the two countries as excellent.
		Romania and Korea are actively engaged in unfolding a privileged economic cooperation.
	theseoultimes.com /ST/db/read.php?idx=1273 (2028 words)

	Untitled Document
		The management of municipal assets was considered as a first and very important component to be addressed.
		It enhanced the capacity of the municipal government o f Vatra Dornei to tackle a fundamental problem that local authorities face in the aftermath of decentralization and privatization.
		The project helped the municipality to organise an asset management department and to establish its technical and logistic capacity and human resources required to pursue an active and accountable public asset management process.
	www.ihs.nl /news/news_30.htm (658 words)

	Christmas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In many European and Commonwealth countries, December 26 is referred to as Boxing Day, while in Finland, Ireland, Italy, Romania, Austria and Catalonia (Spain) it is known as St.
		In the United States and Europe, rolls of paper with secular and/or religious Christmas motifs are manufactured for the purpose of wrapping gifts.
		Municipalities often sponsor decorations as well, hanging Christmas banners from street lights or placing Christmas trees in the town square.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Christmas (6589 words)

	Federal Transit Administration - Current International Public Transit Tenders Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Municipal Infrastructure Facility is focused on investments of municipalities in the area of environment, transport, health and education in the Nyugat Dunantúl border region.
		The Government of Romania has defined a strategy for the transport sector that is primarily aimed at improving the efficiency of the railways and road sectors, and thereby reducing the overall costs of transportation.
		Municipal financing for investments in environment and urban transport represent some 31 % of which 11% was directed to earthquake damage reconstruction.
	www.fta.dot.gov /initiatives_tech_assistance/imtp/14670_ENG_HTML.htm (9013 words)

	News from June 22
		Romania and Turkey are headed toward the same goal of joining the European Union and Turkey supports the efforts of Romania to become a NATO member.
		The ambassadors of all European Union countries to Romania are invited at the Government of Romania next week to learn the stand of the Government of Bucharest in connection with the Law of Budapest while all officials of the European Union were sent letters from Bucharest with the stand of the Cabinet of this country.
		EUROLINK of Bucharest in cooperation with the Association of Municipalities of Romania organizes under the patronage of the mayor of Bucharest the first Pan-European meeting of representatives of public local authority and civil organizations with a view to joint platform building for regional actions in Central and South Eastern Europe.
	www.ici.ro /romania/en/stiri/arh2001/e_iun22.html (1900 words)

	Romania Counties
		In "Administrative Subdivisions of Countries", I wrote that in ~1982, Ilfov county was split into Calarasi county, Giurgiu county, and a portion that was annexed to Bucharest municipality.
		The only changes affecting Romania are to the official spelling of two county names.
		Romania now contained nine provinces (Banat, Bessarabia, Bukovina, Crişana-Maramureş, Dobruja, Moldavia, Muntenia, Oltenia, and Transylvania), subdivided into about 73 counties or parts of counties.
	www.statoids.com /uro.html (775 words)

	Habitat for Humanity ROMANIA
		Municipalities in Romania had a slow start in learning how to obtain financing to support their projects.
		There is a discrepancy between municipalities’ capacity to generate projects and absorb funds and their need for financing, because the smaller they are, the fewer resources they have to generate projects.
		Moreover, municipalities with fewer than 50,000 inhabitants have access to neither ISPA funds, which are addressed to larger municipalities, nor to SAPARD funds, as they are considered villages.
	www.habitat.ro /en/media.html (771 words)

	The Urban Institute \| Experts
		This report examines the creditworthiness and capacity to borrow of municipalities in Romania.
		The report also summarizes the local-level analyses that were carried out for four larger municipalities and their corresponding regii autonomes and judets.
		The U.S. Agency for International Development and EBRD have been cooperating with the government of Romania to develop a workplan to help create a Municipal Credit Facility (MCF) that would lend to general-purpose local governments (judets and municipalities) and local service enterprises (regii) to finance investments in infrastructure.
	www.urban.org /expert.cfm?ID=ValeriuIonescu (232 words)

	EBRD and EU support cities and towns across Romania [EBRD - Press Release]
		As part of its strategy to support the development of municipalities country-wide, the EBRD, working with the European Union, is lending Romania’s largest bank, Banca Comerciala Romana (BCR), €20 million for onlending in local currency to towns and cities (as well as their utilities) beyond Bucharest, the capital city.
		Hildegard Gacek, EBRD Director for Romania, said municipal lending is growing but that one of the biggest obstacles is the short length of loan terms currently offered by most local banks.
		The loan is being provided under a €115 million EU/EBRD Municipal Finance Facility, an initiative of the EBRD and the European Commission to develop and stimulate commercial bank lending to small and medium-sized municipalities in the new EU countries plus Bulgaria and Romania.
	www.ebrd.com /new/pressrel/2004/216dec21.htm (599 words)

	EBRD and Alpha Bank Romania support small local municipalities [EBRD - Press Release]
		Small municipalities are currently underserved by the local Romanian banks, especially with longer-term loans.
		The loan is provided under a €175 million EU/EBRD Municipal Finance Facility, an EBRD and EC initiative to stimulate commercial bank lending to small and medium-sized municipalities in the EU accession countries.
		Jonathan Scheele, Head of the Delegation of the European Commission to Romania, said: “Local municipalities are and will be in need of co-financing for the pre-accession and future structural funds.
	www.ebrd.com /new/pressrel/2005/156nov24.htm (497 words)

	[No title]
		In Romania, the ethnic minority issues the local governments are confronted with spring from two main sources of tension: the tension between the Romanians and the Hungarians, and the tension between the local (relative) majority and the Roma communities.
		It is a general trend that job-candidates belonging to the locally non-dominant community have very limited access to the positions within the two city halls and subordinated institutions, in spite of the fact that the level of their education is not below the average of the locally dominant group.
		Based on the findings of the research we can conclude that examples of ethically biased policies are present in both investigated municipalities on the local level and the role of central government can improve the inter-ethnic relations, but in certain conditions they may contribute to worsening this relationship, too.
	www.uwe.ac.uk /bbs/sglg/potsdam/vere.doc (5416 words)

	EcoLinks :: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Their customers are municipal water plants and sewage plants, public swimming pools and companies, which need a process water in their factories.
		After completing a grant evaluating the modernization of municipal solid waste management through regional collaboration and private sector participation, the Nikopol Municipality was able to obtain a $86,500 interest-free loan given by the National Fund for Environmental Protection for implementation of the plan.
		MSE worked closely with staff from the municipality in developing a comprehensive feasibility study that they are now using to request a loan for approximately $20 million.
	www.getf.org /customers/ecolinks/results/Bestdetail.cfm (16672 words)

	GENERAL INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Capital of Wallachia in the 17th-19th centuries and then of Romania since 1862, Bucharest is the most important political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the country.
		The capital is also the largest industrial center of Romania, with numerous factories and plants of all kinds (iron-and-steel, engineering, fine mechanics, tanning yards, food industry).
		Administrative division: 41 counties and Bucharest municipality (with a county status), 260 towns (of which 57 municipalities), 2,688 communes (with about 13,000 villages).
	www.roembus.org /english/romanian_links/general_information.htm (609 words)

	REGENT Initiative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Representatives of 14 European Capitals and municipalities took part at the Reunion and are to join their efforts to other European networks like EUROCAPITALES (Paris) and SCENE (Vienna) in view of promoting cross-border co-operation and European solidarity through projects of common interest.
		Within the official receival of the delegations of the Reunion at the City Hall of Bucharest Municipality, in the presence of the press, Mr.
		In this context, at the proposal of the British delegates, the General Mayor signed an affiliation request for membership to the organisation for co-operation EUROCITIES in answer to the salute addressed by the General Secretary Office of this organisation with its Head Office in Brussels.
	www.houseofeurope.ro /LPANGO.htm (1135 words)

	Romania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Lifelong Learning Week was organised by the Municipal House of Culture, the Popular University of Bucharest, and the Regional Centre for Adult Education CLUJ, and coordinated by the Romanian office of the Institute for International Cooperation of the German Adult Education Association (IIZ/DVV)
		November has been picked as the month to organize the learning festival in Romania: Supported by the Institute for International Cooperation of the German Adult Education Association (IIZ/DVV), the festival took place for the first time from 1 - 5 November 2000 during which 65 municipalities set up events.
		More than fifty municipalities joined the framework of the festival during the first week of November.
	www.unesco.org /education/uie/InternationalALW/countries/romania.html (386 words)

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