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Topic: Munsee language

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	Lenape language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sometimes the two are treated as separate languages, for example in the Ethnologue.
		Munsee, or Minnisink, was spoken in the upper Delaware River (including northern New Jersey), New York, and Long Island Sound.
		Munsee is now spoken in parts of Canada, on and near the reservations to which Munsee were removed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lenape_language (356 words)

	Algonquian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Algonquian (also Algonkian) languages are a subfamily of Native American languages that includes most of the languages in the Algic language family (the two Algic languages that are not Algonquian are Wiyot and Yurok of northwestern California).
		The proto-language from which all of the languages of the family descend, Proto-Algonquian, was spoken at least 3,000 years ago, though there is still no scholarly consensus as to where this language was spoken.
		Algonquian is sometimes said to have included the extinct Beothuk language of Newfoundland, although evidence is scarce and poorly recorded, and the claim is mainly based on geographic proximity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Algonquian_languages (1235 words)

	White Dove's Native American Indian Site algonquian-languages
		The Algonquian linguistic family encompasses those languages spoken aboriginally and currently in regions stretching from the plains to the eastern seaboard, as far south as present-day North Carolina and as far north as the Canadian Subarctic.
		Algonquian languages, like English, also mark number (singular and plural) and person (first, second, and third), although Algonquian languages make an additional distinction between the first person plural in which the hearer or addressee is included (first person plural inclusive) and the one in which the hearer is not included (first person exclusive).
		Algonquian languages such as Cree and Ojibwa still serve the needs of large communities of speakers, and many of the surviving languages such as Maliseet-Passamaquoddy are now the subject of revitalization programs designed to bring the languages back into use among younger speakers.
	users.multipro.com /whitedove/encyclopedia/algonquian-languages.html (797 words)

	Facts for Kids: Munsee Indians (Stockbridge Munsees)
		The Munsees originally lived in the mid-Atlantic, in areas that are now southern New York, northern New Jersey, and southeastern Connecticut.
		Munsee mothers, like many Native Americans, traditionally carried their infants in cradleboards on their backs--a custom which many American parents have adopted now.
		Munsee women wore knee-length skirts, and the men wore breechclout and leggings.
	www.geocities.com /bigorrin/munsee_kids.htm (1307 words)

	Algonquian (Algic) Language Family
		Linguists think that the Algonquian (Algic) languages originated from an ancestral language called Proto-Algonquian that was spoken between 3,000-2,000 years ago in the area between Georgian Bay and Lake Ontario.
		Today, the Algonquian language family includes a group of 27 languages spoken in a wide region stretching through the central part of the North American continent from the Canadian subarctic in the north to the eastern seaboard as far south as North Carolina.
		Most surviving languages are spoken by older adults who are not passing their language on to their children.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/october/Algonquian.html (707 words)

	Munsee Indian Language (Minsi, Muncee, Muncey, Muncie, Minisink, Minnisink)
		Language: Munsee is an Algonkian language closely related to American Delaware, or Lenape, but is considered by most linguists a distinct language.
		People: The Munsee are a northern offshoot of the Lenni Lenape, considering that tribe their elder kin.
		Language preservation effors in the Stockbridge Munsee community.
	www.native-languages.org /munsee.htm (345 words)

	Mahican - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although they fought on the side of the American colonists in both the French and Indian War and the American Revolution, they were dispossessed of their land and forced to move westward, first to Stockbridge, New York in the 1780s and later to Shawano County, Wisconsin in the 1820s and 1830s.
		In Wisconsin, they settled on reservations with the Munsee; the two were jointly known as Stockbridge-Munsee.
		The now extinct Mahican language belonged to the Eastern Algonquian branch of the Algonquian language family.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mahican (430 words)

	Delaware - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Before Delaware was settled by Europeans, the area was home to the Eastern Algonquian tribes known as the Unami Lenape or Delaware throughout the Delaware valley, and the Nanticoke along the rivers leading into the Chesapeake Bay.
		The Unami Lenape in the Delaware valley were closely related to Munsee Lenape tribes along the Hudson River.
		French is the third most spoken language at 0.7%, followed by Chinese at 0.5% and German at 0.5%.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Delaware (4481 words)

	GeoNative - Delaware - Abenaki - Maliseet-Passamaquoddy
		Kanadan Munsee dialektoan mintzo ziren 7 edo 8 lagun, 400 laguneko talde etnikoan 1991n.
		Of the different aboriginal languages of New England, all are extinct except Maliset-Passamaquoddy and Abenaki (this one virtually extinct also).
		Their homeland encompasses Southern Quebec (Canada), Vermont, New Hampshire and parts of Maine and New York in the U.S. The language is almost extinct, with only 20 speakers of the Western dialect, out of an ethnic population of 1,800.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/abenaki.html (785 words)

	Aboriginal languages
		The Inuktitut language (of the Eskimo-Aleut family) is spoken by about two thirds of the 44 000 Inuit who largely populate Canada’s Arctic, from the northwestern part of the Northwest Territories (Inuvialuit) to northern Labrador.
		Athabaskan languages are spoken in British Columbia, the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba.
		Another major group of Aboriginal languages represented in Canada is the Iroquoian family, which is found in southwestern Quebec and southern Ontario, as well as in adjoining parts of the United States.
	www.fp.ucalgary.ca /howed/abor_lang.htm (1009 words)

	Long Island History: Keepers of a Lost Culture
		It was the language of New York, centuries before there was a New York, and Long Island, when no one but the Algonquian Indians knew it was an island.
		Munsee Delaware was the language that explorer Henry Hudson heard in 1607 as he sailed up the river that now bears his name; the language heard by another explorer, Adrian Block, who with his men spent the winter of 1613-14 on Manhattan Island building a ship they christened the Restless.
		It was the language heard by the Dutch as they expanded their settlements onto the western end of Long Island, pushing aside the Delaware and turning them into refugees.
	www.newsday.com /community/guide/lihistory/ny-history-hs208a,0,6174656.story (2148 words)

	Lenape Language and the Delaware Indian Tribe (Lenapé, Unami, Unalachtigo, Lenni Lenape Indians)
		Language: Lenapé or Unami Delaware is an Algonquian language originally spoken in New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania.
		Southern Delaware or Nanticoke, last spoken in the mid-1800's, and Munsee Delaware, still spoken by elders in Ontario, are considered distinct languages by most linguists because the different groups of Delawares could not easily understand each other.
		Today, however, some Lenape language activists are trying to combine the Unami and Munsee languages into a single Delaware language to improve its chances of survival.
	www.native-languages.org /lenape.htm (583 words)

	ICT [2004/03/10] Technology builds tribal relationship
		Gardner's interest in language began when she was in her teens and wanted to write a poem using her tribe's language.
		Language is meant to be used for community involvement, Gardner said.
		This group is interactive in a way that lets people upload pictures of their families, files including music, the language database, polls, and the message archives.
	www.indiancountry.com /content.cfm?id=1078928912 (981 words)

	Indian Country Wisconsin - Stockbridge-Munsee Culture
		In Wisconsin, they were later joined by Munsees who had moved from their homeland in southeastern New York and northeastern Pennsylvania to Canada after the Revolutionary War.
		The Munsee were part of the group of tribes called Delaware or Lenni Lenape whose culture was similar to that of New England Algonkians.
		Prior to European contact, they were farming, hunting, and fishing people and their ways of life were adapted to the area's environments: forests and park-like woods, rivers, streams, and lakes.
	www.mpm.edu /wirp/ICW-53.html (2816 words)

	The Center for Algonquin Culture, Woodstock, NY
		At the time of European contact, cousins of the Anishnabe language could be found from coast to coast and from the Arctic Circle to the Gulf of Mexico.
		The following is an outline of those languages and dialects as they were named and recorded by the first Europeans to write down their encounters with native people.
		Munsee oral tradition strongly indicates Munsee occupation of Manhattan and possibly the Bronx, perhaps in addition to these sub-tribes.
	www.wilkesweb.us /algonquin/nations.htm (4445 words)

	LINGUIST List 9.1803: Lexical borrowing
		It was found that the impact of non-standard varieties on the use of standard African languages is reflected clearly in their grammatical systems.
		Grammatical adaptation of the standard African languages, in the form of lexical adoption from foreign languages, is a major focus of the report.
		Conspicuous distinctive sound features in the two languages that may affect non-native speakers' pronunciation of loan words are examined, and common patterns of phonemic interference and substitution are analyzed.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/9/9-1803.html (5927 words)

	Mahican
		In their own language, the Mahican referred to themselves collectively as the "Muhhekunneuw" "people of the great river." This name apparently was difficult for the Dutch to pronounce, so they settled on "Manhigan," the Mahican word for wolf and the name of one their most important clans.
		With a similar language and name, the Mahican (Mohican) and the Mohegan may have been members of the same tribe before contact.
		While the Mohawk pressured the Munsee Delaware west of the river, the Mahican went after the Wappinger on the east side.
	www.dickshovel.com /Mahican.html (7751 words)

	ASU Libraries: Native American Languages
		It is not comprehensive, but rather a selective list of resources useful for developing language and vocabulary skills, and/or researching a variety of topics dealing with Native North American languages.
		Language Maintenance and Shift in the United States Today: The Basic Patterns and Their Social Implications, Volume 1-Overview and Summary, Volume 2-Native Americans, David E. Lopez.
		An Arapaho language version of Bambi, an animated film about a deer and how the phases of its life parallel the cycle of seasons in the forest.
	www.asu.edu /lib/subject/NALanguages.htm (2388 words)

	yourDictionary.com • Endangered Language Initiative• Nearly Extinct Languages
		This is a list of more than 750 languages found designated by Ethnologue as already extinct or nearly extinct today.
		Of course, there are many more languages besides these in danger of extinction by the end of the century, many as yet undiscovered by Europeans.
		This list will give you an idea of where the majority of threatened languages are spoken, if not their exact number.
	www.yourdictionary.com /elr/nextinct.html (94 words)

	Foundation For Endangered Languages Newsletter 19
		The participants represented a broad cross-section of interested parties: native speakers, native and non-native linguists, language educators, instructional technologists, revitalization program administrators, instructors and consultants, spiritualists, tribal government officials, and community members.
		At the same time, the most salient feature of the conference was the repeated, heart-felt pleas for cooperation and collaboration among the Algonquian nations in their efforts to revitalize their languages.
		Held on Saturday, 25 May 2002, 1-4.30 pm, this meeting aimed to increase the awareness of language endangerment issues and the seriousness of the situation.
	www.ogmios.org /196.htm (436 words)

	Amazon.com: Delaware-English / English-Delaware Dictionary: Books: John O'Meara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Munsee Delaware, an Eastern Algonquian language, is spoken by a small and steadily declining number of individuals.
		Today, a small number of speakers of the closely related Unami Delaware language are located in Oklahoma, and, of the three sites where Munsee Delaware was the predominant Delaware language spoken in Canada, only Moraviantown, Ontario, has surviving speakers.
		This is the Munsee Delaware language, slightly but significantly different than the Unami Delaware of the Oklahoma Lenape tribes.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0802006701?v=glance (806 words)

	The full list of languagegeek.com keyboards
		Below is a table of the Native languages according to language family.
		Languages which have links to keyboards (and use Roman orthography) are coloured blue, and those which write in Syllabics (at least some of the time) are coloured red.
		Clicking on a language name will take you to pages where the keyboard can be downloaded.
	www.languagegeek.com /keyboard_general/all_keyboards.html (245 words)

	Woodland Indian Language and Words (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Their language made use of only three parts of speech: nouns, adjectives, and verbs.
		Their word order was similar to that of many European languages in that the verb comes last.
		The French translated the Indian name into their own language, "Coeur-de-cerf," which means heart of a stag.
	users.anderson.edu /~roebuck/woodland_languages.html (1019 words)

	Language Centre - Language learning links
		Refer in particular to their Languages and Linguistics search and browse facility.
		Native American Language Center, at the Department of Native American Studies, University of California at Davis.
		The Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas.
	www.lang.ox.ac.uk /langlinks/indivlangs/indigenous.html (617 words)

	Native Americans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The name is subject to many different spellings in historical documents; the most commonly used at this time is "Munsee".
		They were part of the "Wolf Clan" of the Leni Lenape or Delaware people, members of the Algonquian language and culture group.
		A major known Munsee village in the Warwick Valley was Mistucky, which was located near the Welling farmhouse on Rt.
	albertwisnerlibrary.org /~wisner/Factsandhistory/History/Nativeamericans.htm (466 words)

	LENAPE - The Language
		There are three major dialects of Lenape (Unami, Munsee, Utilatico).
		The amount of interaction between the dialects in a particular geographic area has an influence on phonetic spelling.
		One of the most important words/phrases in any language is "Thank you".
	home.earthlink.net /~lenapelanguage (253 words)

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