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Topic: Murray River

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	Murray River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Murray Mouth is the point at which the Murray river meets the Indian Ocean (Southern Ocean according to Australian maps).
		In 1830 Captain Charles Sturt reached the river after travelling down its tributary the Murrumbidgee River and named it the Murray River in honour of the then British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies Sir George Murray, not realising it was the same river that Hume and Hovell had encountered further upstream.
		The Murray was plagued by "snags", fallen trees submerged in the water, and considerable efforts were made to clear the river of these threats to shipping by using barges equipped with steam-driven winches.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Murray_River (2686 words)

	Murray Cod - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Murray Cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii) is a large and striking predatory freshwater fish of the Maccullochella genus and the Percichthyidae family.
		Murray Cod continue a pattern present in Murray-Darling native fish genera of speciation in lowland and specialist upland species, with Murray Cod being the primarily lowland species and the endangered Trout Cod being the specialist upland species.
		Unfortunately, Murray Cod have died out of many of their upland habitats, particularly in the southern Murray-Darling Basin, due to a combination of overfishing, siltation, dams and weirs blocking migration, pollution from arsenic based sheep-dips and mining and possibly, in some cases, competition between juvenile Murray Cod and introduced Trout species.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Murray_Cod (3346 words)

	Murray River flag (Australia)
		The Upper Murray River Flag is used on the upper Murray, in New South Wales.
		However, the lower Murray River flag is uniformly flown on the Murray River and the Murray Lakes throughout South Australia.
		This might be significant, since it's on the lower Murray that the river trade began, the barge "Eureka" was being built at Goolwa, where there were a lot of Yankees left over from the whaling days (schooners on the lakes, even!), and the provenance of the US-style stripes thus readily demonstrated.
	flagspot.net /flags/au_murry.html (1239 words)

	South Australian holidays, travel and tourism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the 1880s, when the Murray was one of the nation's major thoroughfares, hundreds of paddle steamers, barges, ferries and other river craft plied the waters between bustling riverside towns.
		River towns pride themselves on their pubs, heritage and friendly atmosphere, and all are easily accessible from Adelaide or by houseboat.
		The Murray Mallee is home to six threatened species and the renowned wetlands of the Coorong National Park are a summer refuge for migratory birds.
	www.southaustralia.com /product.asp?product_id=9003550 (546 words)

	South Australian Murray River holidays, travel, tours and vacations
		The area enclosed by the Murray River on its way to the coast at Lake Alexandrina, the Victorian border and south to the Western Highway as it crosses the border.
		Paddlewheel steamers on the Murray River and the regions history in the small river townships.
		Murray Bridge is a centre for river cruises.
	www.austtravel.com.au /sa_murray_river.htm (514 words)

	Darling River
		The state of the river is vaguely but generally understood to depend on some distant and foreign phenomena to which bushmen refer in an off-hand tone of voice as “the Queenslan’ rains”, which seem to be held responsible, in a general way, for most of the out-back trouble.
		The rivers were of great importance to the Aboriginal peoples, especially as sources of food, as illustrated by the fish traps of the Ngemba in the Barwon River at Brewarrina.
		The use of the rivers for transportation made a major contribution to the settlement of the Basin and the development of the pastoral industry, especially from the 1850s.
	www.outbackonline.net /RiverLife.htm (1082 words)

	Capt.Cook - Murray River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Murray was the lifeline to pioneers who lived on the driest continent on earth.
		Murray Princess cruises are all inclusive of your shipboard accommodation, dining, all onboard facilities, entry to Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park, guided riverbank walks and presentations, speed boat rides, and 24 hour tea and coffee.
		The Murray River is a place where all the colours of Australia converge.
	www.pacificislandtravel.com /australia/cruises/cc_murrayriver.html (1681 words)

	Parks Victoria: Murray River Reserves- Headwaters to Echuca page
		The headwaters of the Murray River flow from the river's source in the Australian Alps to Corowa for around 450 river kilometres and feature varied terrain, which extends from the gently undulating farming land of the Albury District, through rugged, timbered, hill and mountain country to the alpine grasslands of the Snowy Mountains.
		The Murray's flora ranges from extensive displays of wildflowers in summer in the high country and on the granite hill country in the Upper Murray parks, to irrigated pastures, riverine forests and woodlands.
		The Murray River's vegetation is dominated by both the River Red Gum and Black Box woodland (on the higher outer parts of floodplains).
	www.parkweb.vic.gov.au /1park_display.cfm?park=241 (1594 words)

	Parks Victoria: Murray River Reserves - Echuca to Robinvale page
		The Murray River meanders in a shallow channel across the Riverine Plains through gently undulating country, becoming flatter to the west.
		The Port of Echuca is on the Murray Esplanade.
		Almost entirely River Red Gum with a groundcover of native and introduced grasses, the Parnemillo Creek flows when the river is high and remains as a series of billabongs at other times.
	www.parkweb.vic.gov.au /1park_display.cfm?park=242 (1171 words)

	River Murray Charts
		In the late 1800's approximately 4,000 miles of the great Murray Darling river system was continuously navigable....at least for part of the year, depending on the flow of water down these systems.
		The River Murray is Australia's major river and is still continuously navigable for approximately 1,200 miles or 1,986 kilometres, thanks to 11 locks and weirs and four barrages between the Murray mouth and Yarrawonga.
		River Murray Charts is a book of 47 pages of navigation charts, designed very much as they were in the days of the Murray paddle steamers.
	www.rivermurraycharts.com.au (395 words)

	fishSA.com - Murray River - Dying a Slow Death [Reviews]
		The poor state of river flows is put down to the influence of the El Nino climatic effect as well as a serious shortage of rainfall in the upper catchment is having a dramatic impact on flows downstream.
		The strangled Murray estuary is a sorry sight that highlights the poor health of the Murray-Darling system, just when the rest of the country is starting to take notice.
		THE flow of the once mighty Murray River into the sea has slowed to a trickle and is expected to cease altogether for only the second time since European settlement, highlighting the growing problem of poor water management upstream.
	www.fishsa.com /murryrv.php (2225 words)

	Save The Murray
		It’s about protecting the things the River Murray means to Australians: prosperity, irrigation, industry and clean water, natural landscape, history, culture and tradition.
		River Murray and Lower Lakes Catchment Risk Assessment for Water Quality- South Australia As a collaboration the EPA, SA Waterand the River Murray Catchment Board, along with extensive community consultation, the Risk Assessment will identify the nature and location of potential hazards to water quality within the River Murray corridor, and surrounding catchments.
		The Sustainable Recreation Project for the River Murray and Lower Lakes is a joint initiative with the aim of the project to promote the sustainable use of the riparian River Murray zone and Lower Lakes area for recreation without environmental degradation.
	www.savethemurray.com (471 words)

	The World Today - Water flow increase needed for Murray River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		NANCE HAXTON: The River Murray is a nothing short of a lifeline to South Australia, providing more than half the water used in the state.
		The mouth of the great river looks likely to close over fully in coming weeks, as its once mighty flow is reduced to a trickle by the pressure of four states taking far more from the basin than is sustainable.
		South Australia's Minister for the River Murray, John Hill, is hoping that some of the political will that made the Snowy revival possible, can be aroused on behalf of the Murray River system, which South Australian authorities argue is at far greater risk than the Snowy of environmental disaster.
	www.abc.net.au /worldtoday/stories/s662149.htm (781 words)

	fishSA.com - Murray River System - Barrages [Reviews]
		From the earliest days of settlement along the lower reaches of the river there were strong representations from landowners for the construction of barrages, primarily to keep the water fresh in the lower reaches of the River Murray, as well as Lake Albert and Lake Alexandrina.
		The purpose of this reclamation was to minimise sand drift entering the river between the barrages and the river mouth, and to maintain the protecting peninsula between the Goolwa Barrage and the sea.
		During periods of low river flow all the logs must be in place to completely stop the flow and maintain high lake levels.
	www.fishsa.com /barrages.php (869 words)

	Earthbeat:: 12 June 2004 - The Murray River
		One shows the almost clogged mouth of the Murray, another a denuded riverbank and the many dead and dying trees that surround it.
		In the 1940s, a series of barrages was built across the river at Lake Alexandrina and Lake Albert to hold back the water for irrigation.
		The barrages separated the river from the sea, and had a disastrous impact on fish that rely on annual migrations upriver to spawn.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/earth/stories/s1129994.htm (1401 words)

	Let our rivers flow, Simon says - OpinionWebDiaryArchive2003 - www.smh.com.au
		The mouth of the Murray is now the length of a cricket pitch and the water only knee deep.
		Scientists tell us that the rivers of the Murray Darling Basin will have a moderate chance of survival if we deliver an additional 1500 GL of water, and next to no chance if we don't.
		The health of the Murray River is not negotiable.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/05/15/1052885344238.html (2330 words)

	The River Murray
		The pace of change in human practices is even slower than the river, resulting in the ocean sometimes closing the Murray mouth with sandbars (earth-moving machines have been used to keep it open in recent years), and the river's even longer tributary, the Darling, being unable to bring water south from the sub-tropics
		Mannum, widely regarded as the birthplace of the Murray paddlesteamer in the 19th century, is now host to tourist cruisers both modern and restored, and houseboats.
		The river is navigable for nearly 2,000 kilometres from Goolwa near the mouth to Yarrawonga in Victoria, though locks in weirs have to be negotiated
	www.angelfire.com /mi2/afrigalah/river.html (604 words)

	MURRAY RIVER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		One of the most important factors contributing to Albury's rapid progress in the late 1850's was the opening of the river Murray to navigation.
		The first successful attempt to examine the river was made by Captain Cadell in 1852 in a frail canvas canoe.
		He secured a paddle steamer in Sydney, sailing it to the Murray mouth over the bar at Lake Alexandrina, and set about establishing the Murray River trade.
	www.csu.edu.au /australia/nsw/albury/murray.html (210 words)

	Murray River
		The daytime temperatures are comfortable and moderate; from the onset of spring to the end of summer, they usually range from 8 to 30 degrees Celsius; from autumn to winter 's end, temperatures normally range from 8 to -10 degrees Celsius.
		In 1977, a rink was built in Murray River, called the Northumbland Arena; it is a steel building with seating on one side for about 400 people.
		In the 1950's, the village of Murray River bought a plot of land from Fred Johnston, and a section of his warehouse building, which was moved onto the lot to house the Fire Hall.
	www.edu.pe.ca /southernkings/mriver.htm (1208 words)

	Greenfleet - Murray Darling Rescue
		In 2002, she became the first person in the world to swim the entire length of the Murray River, an incredible feat which helped to focus attention on the river.
		Murray Darling Rescue plantings are held annually in NSW, Vic, SA and the ACT.
		Fed by a catchment covering 1,061,469 km (14% of Australia’s surface area), it collects rivers flowing south from Queensland and NSW and north from Victoria in the saucer-like Murray Darling Basin, which tilts gently downwards to the west....
	www.greenfleet.com.au /planting/rescue.asp (1519 words)

	Golf on the Murray River, Yarrawonga, Cobram, Barooga, Tocumwal, Rich River, Murray Downs, Swan Hill
		The original 18 holes meander around the River itself amongst huge river red gums, whilst the newer nine is one of Australia’s longest at nearly 3400m, with some excellent water hazards in play.
		The Murray flows north-west from here on, and passes close to the small town of Cohuna with its pretty, tight little golf course boasting some of the very best greens in the area.
		Riverside is an idyllic setting "beside the river" with river red gums and box trees and abundant bird life.
	www.ausgolf.com.au /murraygolf.htm (1656 words)

	Environment Victoria - Murray River
		Nevertheless, the Murray Basin is Australia’s heartland, its Narmada, its Mississippi Valley, where Aboriginals lived for fifty or sixty thousand years before colliding disastrously with European settlers, and where the settlers’ farms and ranches overtook the landscape to the extent that many Australians still think of their country as agricultural.”
		DSE is currently seeking tenders for thousands of tonnes of River Red Gum logs from the River Murray, the vast majority of which will end up as firewood in Melbourne.
		The study area extended from the Murray mouth in South Australia, to the Menindee Lakes and upper reaches of the Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales, the Mitta Mitta River in Victoria and the Goulburn Broken River to Nagambie.
	www.envict.org.au /inform.php?menu=7&submenu=221&item=207 (1679 words)

	MURRAY RIVER - BACKPACKERS GUIDE TO AUSTRALIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Paddle steamers plyed the rivers collecting wool from farms and delivering it to one of the railheads for transportation to Melbourne for export.
		Large wetland and river redgum reserve beside the Murray River 40 kilometres northeast of Echuca, 10 kilometres from the tiny town of Barmah.
		Old river town 30 kilometres away in New South Wales at the junction the Murray and Darling rivers.
	www.geocities.com /austtravel/vic/murray.html (514 words)

	Great Murray River Run Cruise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Great Murray River Run is a new five-day cruise travelling the entire length of the river in South Australia.
		A maximum of 20 passengers on the new Great Murray River Run will travel in the modern, fully-equipped Spirit of the Coorong vessel, with its spacious upper deck providing the perfect vantage point as the boat passes towering cliffs, sleepy lagoons and Red Gum forests.
		Detailed histories will be offered on the river and its many communities – with all passengers receiving a complimentary book, Murray River Pilot, a comprehensive look at the Murray River in South Australia.
	www.coorongcruises.com.au /trade_greatmurrayriverrun.html (590 words)

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