
	Where results make sense

Topic: Muscarine

Related Topics

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

Acetylcholine receptor

Ionotropic receptor

Acetylcholine

Metabotropic receptor

Choline

Scopolamine

Tertiary Amine

Neurotransmitter

Jimson weed

Pyridine

Chemical formula

Coniine

Purine

Folic acid

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Muscarine
		Muscarine has no effects on the central nervous system because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier due to its positively charged (polar) nitrogen ion.
		Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at metabotropic receptors that are also known under the name muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
		Muscarine poisoning is characterized by increased salivation, sweating (perspiration), and tearflow (lacrimation) within 15 to 30 minutes after ingestion of the mushroom.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Muscarine (279 words)

	Muscarine - Definition, explanation
		Muscarine has no effects on the central nervous system because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier due to its positively charged nitrogen atom.
		Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at metabotropic acetylcholine receptors that are also known under the name muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
		Muscarine poisoning is characterized by increased salivation, sweating (perspiration), and tearflow (lacrimation) within 15 to 30 minutes after ingestion of the mushroom.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/m/mu/muscarine.php (202 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Muscarine has no effects on the central nervous system because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier due to its positively charged (polar) nitrogen atom.
		Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at metabotropic receptors that are also known under the name muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
		Muscarine poisoning is characterized by increased salivation, sweating (perspiration), and tearflow (lacrimation) within 15 to 30 minutes after ingestion of the mushroom.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=muscarine (243 words)

	Dec00
		Muscarine is one of those toxins that is not usually regarded as ‘deadly’.
		Muscarine, however, is known to occur at much higher levels in other mushrooms and is particularly high in a number of species of the genus Inocybe.
		Muscarine concentrations in Inocybe are 100 X as high as they are in Amanita muscaria.
	www.uoguelph.ca /~gbarron/MISCELLANEOUS/dec00.htm (974 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1970 Issue 4 - 004
		Although muscarine could be shown to have direct action on the nervous system (it is a potent parasympathomimetic), it could not possibly be responsible for the reputed psychotropic actions of this mushroom.
		The muscarines are quaternary ammonium salts, derivatives of ?-hydroxy-tetrahydrofuran, and highly soluble in water (except for salts of certain complex anions).
		Muscarine and ibotenic acid are not evenly distributed throughout the fruiting body of the fly-agaric.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/bulletin/bulletin_1970-01-01_4_page005.html (4311 words)

	The Structure Function
		Muscarinic receptors are located postsynaptically at the parasympathetic neuroeffector junction.
		Muscarinic receptors are also located postsynaptically at the neuroeffector junction of sympathetic fibers in sweat glands.
		Classical muscarinic receptors (M2) (and M3, not shown) subserve effects such as salivation, urination, defecation, pupillary constriction, vasodilation, cardiac slowing, depressed AV nodal conduction, and bronchoconstriction.
	courses.washington.edu /chat543/cvans/sfp/ansrec.html (1707 words)

	Medical problems caused by plants \| 15 Acetylcholine and synaptic toxins
		The clinical effects of antagonists or agonists vary between substances depending on the activity on nicotine and muscarine receptors, the dose and method of administration, diffusion through the blood-brain barrier and whether the binding to the target is reversible or irreversible.
		Muscarine is a substance obtained from the fly agaric Amanita muscaria.
		The concentration of muscarine in the fungus is quite low, however, and its toxicity is chiefly caused by other substances.
	www.itg.be /itg/DistanceLearning/LectureNotesVandenEndenE/47_Medical_problems_caused_by_plantsp15.htm (947 words)

	Erowid Psychoactive Amanitas Vault : The hallucinogens muscarine and ibotenic acid in the middle Hindu Kush
		Previously, it was assumed that the main active substance in this mushroom was the alkaloid muscarine, hence the name of the compound.
		Muscarine and ibotenic acid are concentrated chiefly in the whitish universal veil remnants on top of the cap.
		The effects of these substances were known long ago to the Norwegian Berserks and were manifested in their infamous mania.
	www.erowid.org /plants/amanitas/references/journal/1979_mochtar_afghanistan1.shtml (2596 words)

	Inocybe, clitocybe, omphalotus and others (Group PIM G028)
		Muscarine containing mushrooms are responsible for parasympathicomimetic poisoning with a number of symptoms, of which the most severe signs are: bradycardia, hypotension and respiratory distress.
		Absorbed muscarine is quickly distributed in throughout the body and the symptoms may occur within 30 minutes to a few hours after the meal.
		Muscarine and related molecules bind to the acethylcholine receptor of the post-ganglionary nerves, leading to a permanent depolarisation responsible of smooth muscle contraction (iris, bronchia, digestive tract,...), of the exocrine glands.
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/fungi/pimg028.htm (1917 words)

	Presynaptic dopamine D2 and muscarine M3 receptors inhibit excitatory and inhibitory transmission to rat subthalamic ...
		Although muscarine (10 µM) reduced the amplitude of IPSCs by 60 ± 5 %, addition of scopolamine (10 µM) to the superfusate reversed the inhibition and returned the amplitude of the IPSCs to 102 ± 5 % of control (n = 7).
		In the absence of muscarine, the ratio of the amplitude of the second IPSC divided by the first was 0·75 ± 0·08 (n = 4).
		C, the muscarine (10 µM)-induced increase in the IPSC paired-pulse ratio is reversed by scopolamine (10 µM).
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/525/2/331 (6075 words)

	Muscarine articles and news from Start Learning Now (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Muscarine, '''L-(+)-muscarine''', or '''muscarin''' is a Secondary metabolite
		Muscarine has no effects on the central nervous system because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier due to its Electric charge
		Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at metabotropic receptors that are also known under the name ''muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
	www.startlearningnow.com /muscarine.htm (231 words)

	Muscarine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Muscarine is a chemical compound found in some mushrooms,particularly a number of inocybe and clitocybe species.
		Muscarine is a parasympathomimetic and poisoning ischaracterized by increased salivation, perspiration, and lacrimation within 15 to 30 minutesafter ingestion of the mushroom.
		With large doses, these symptoms may be followed by abdominal pain, severe nausea, diarrhea, blurred vision, and labored breathing.
	www.therfcc.org /muscarine-100533.html (101 words)

	Has the presence of distinct types of muscarine receptors in the LES been detected in man as in animals ?
		This is evidenced by a number of findings including: 1) muscarine agents cause contraction of the LES in man and various other species, 2) binding studies in the cat LES demonstrate muscarinic cholinergic receptors and, 3) intramural cholinergic neurons have been identified in the opossum LES using acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase histochemical techniques [4].
		There is also good evidence to suggest that muscarinic receptors are present on the soma or dendrites of noncholinergic inhibitory neurons in the LES (figure 2) [2, 5].
		Since the relaxation produced by activation of muscarinic receptors on inhibitory neurons is nerve-mediated, it is blocked by the nerve blocker tetrodotoxin in addition to the muscarinic antagonist atropine.
	www.hon.ch /OESO/free/Vol_4_Prim_Motility/Articles/ART078.HTML (330 words)

	Cholinergic facilitation of erection and ejaculation in spinal cord-transected rats
		On the contrary, when the muscarinic receptor antagonist homatropine is applied, a decrease in the number of animals that are able to copulate is found in sexually trained and vigorous males.
		Muscarine produced a facilitation of PR as revealed by the significant increase in the number of penile response clusters, erections and penile cups.
		Muscarinic mediation of the urethro genital reflex in spinal cord-transected rats.
	www.nature.com /ijir/journal/v16/n1/full/3901169a.html (2687 words)

	Up-Regulation of Spinal Muscarinic Receptors and Increased Antinociceptive Effect of Intrathecal Muscarine in Diabetic ...
		the muscarinic receptor is up-regulated in the dorsal spinal
		Iwamoto ET and Marion L (1994) Pharmacologic evidence that spinal muscarinic analgesia is mediated by an L-arginine/nitric oxide/cyclic GMP cascade in rats.
		Naguib M and Yaksh TL (1997) Characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes that mediate antinociception in the rat spinal cord.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/307/2/676 (4454 words)

	Nathan Jay Weinstock - UF Journal of Undergraduate Research Paper
		The question of direct muscarinic modulation of this synapse is of particular interest due to a few distinctive properties of mossy cells.
		Muscarinic depression of synaptic transmission and blockade of norepinephrine-induced long-lasting potentiation in the dentate gyrus.
		Muscarinic receptor activity induces an afterdepolarization in a subpopulation of hippocampal CA1 interneurons.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /jur/200511/papers/paper_weinstock.html (2719 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		-(+)-muscarine, or muscarin is a natural product found in certain mushrooms, particularly in Inocybe and Clitocybe species, such as the deadly C.
		Muscarine has no effects on the central nervous system because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier due to its positively charged (polar) nitrogen atom.
		Death is rare, but may result from cardiac or respiratory failure in severe cases.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Muscarine (207 words)

	eMedicine - Toxicity, Mushrooms - Muscarine : Article by Martin I Herman, MD, FAAP, FACEP
		Muscarine produces these effects, and hence they are referred to as muscarinic effects, and the postganglionic receptors are called muscarine receptors.
		Muscarine is a quaternary trimethyl ammonium salt of 2-methyl-3-oxy-5-(amino)-tetrahydrofuran.
		Muscarinic effects, such as sweating, salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastric cramping, miosis, emesis, bronchospasm, and bradycardia are seen.
	www.emedicine.com /PED/topic2863.htm (4230 words)

	Loss of M2 muscarine receptors in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease and experimental cholinergic denervation ...
		Cerebral cortex samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease and from rats after experimental cholinergic denervation of the cerebral cortex exhibited reductions in the presynaptic marker choline acetyltransferase activity and in the number of M2 muscarine receptors, with no change in the number of M1 receptors.
		Psychosis of Alzheimer's disease is associated with elevated muscarinic M2 binding in the cortex.
		Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor expression in memory circuits: Implications for treatment of Alzheimer disease.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/228/4703/1115 (775 words)

	Amanita muscaria Clinical Trial - by Andrija Puharich
		Muscarine when applied to biological systems shows itself as a chemical whose effects can be divided into a number of phases.
		The initial effect of muscarine is to stimulate parasympathetic nerve endings, and this is observed in the vomiting and diarrhea usually following Amanita muscaria ingestion.
		Curiously enough, atropine is a specific antidote to muscarine; that is, it counteracts the effects of muscarine on nerve-muscle endings which result in the symptoms described above.
	www.iamshaman.com /amanita/chapter7.htm (4574 words)

	Respiratory Research \| Full text \| Activation of the SPHK/S1P signalling pathway is coupled to muscarinic ...
		Muscarine induced a constriction in all investigated mouse strains which was reduced by inhibition of SPHK using D, L-threo-dihydrosphingosine (DHS) and N, N-dimethyl-sphingosine (DMS) but not by N-acetylsphingosine (N-AcS), a structurally related agent that does not affect SPHK function.
		M muscarine) which is mainly dependent on Ca -release from intracellular stores [26].
		This inhibition of muscarine induced bronchoconstriction was also absent when we used N-acetylsphingosine (N-AcS), an agent that is structurally related to DHS and DMS but that does not affect SPHK function [5].
	respiratory-research.com /content/6/1/48 (5065 words)

	PUBLICATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Distribution of muscarinic receptors in mammalian sympathetic ganglion: autoradiographic and electrophysiological studies.
		Brown, D.A., Gähwiler, B.H., Marsh, S.J. and Selyanko A.A. Mechanisms of muscarinic excitatory synaptic transmission in ganglia and brain.
		Selyanko, A.A., Zidichouski, J.A. and Smith, P.A. The effects of muscarine and adrenaline on patch-clamped frog cardiac parasympathetic ganglion neurones.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /Pharmacology/asmemorial/aaspublns.html (2360 words)

	APStracts 2:0172N, 1995. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Maximum inhibition (65%) measured at 0 mV was obtained with 30 [mu]M muscarine and the IC 50 was 1[mu]M. Current inhibition obtained with 30 [mu]M muscarine was suppressed by the specific M2 and M3 antagonists AFDX-116 and 4-DAMP (0.3 [mu]M, 87% suppression) but not by the M1 antagonist pirenzepine.
		Muscarine induced current suppression was prevented by pre-treatment of the cells with pertussis toxin and mimicked by intracellular application of GTP- y S. In several cells muscarinic inhibition was characterized by a clear slow down of Ba 2+ current activation at low test potentials.
		These results indicate that muscarinic inhibition of w-CgTx-sensitive Ca 2+ channel current occurs through activation of specific muscarinic receptors and the modulatory mechanism operates through activation of a GTP binding protein sensitive to pertussis toxin.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/1995/jn/July/172n.html (325 words)

	Pharmacological and Functional Characterization of Muscarinic Receptors in the Frog Pars Intermedia -- Garnier et al. ...
		Effect of muscarine in the absence or presence of muscarinic receptor antagonists on
		Results are expressed as a percentage of the response induced by muscarine in the absence of antagonist.
		Effect of muscarine in the absence or presence of the phosphatidylinositol turnover blocker neomycin on
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/139/8/3525 (4655 words)

	Modulation of Ca2+ Currents by Various G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Sympathetic Neurons of Male Rat Pelvic Ganglia -- ...
		In contrast to muscarine, the inhibitory effects of either UK14304 or VIP were unaffected under strong Ca -buffering conditions, i.e., replacing external Ca with Ba and replacing internal EGTA with high BAPTA (Fig.
		Because muscarine most likely uses a different G protein-coupled mechanism to modulate Ca channels, it is not surprising that PKC activation does not affect
		In summary, our data suggest that muscarine uses a mechanism different from UK14304 and VIP to modulate the N-type Ca channels in sympathetic neurons of the MPG.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/78/2/780 (6071 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)