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Topic: Muscular triangle

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		Alsberg's triangle, an equilateral triangle with its apex upward, formed by a line passing through the long axis of the femur, a second line passing through the long axis of the neck of the femur, and a third line on a plane passing through the base of the head of the femur.
		triangle of elbow, a triangular area on the front of the elbow, having the brachioradialis muscle on the lateral side and the pronator teres on the medial side, the base being toward the humerus.
		Henke's triangle, a triangular area between the descending portion of the inguinal fold, the lateral portion of the inguinal fold, and the lateral border of the rectus muscle.
	www.merckmedicus.com /pp/us/hcp/thcp_dorlands_content.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/dmd-t-033.htm (2811 words)

	VI. The Arteries. 3a. 3. The Triangles of the Neck. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The Suprahyoid Triangle is limited behind by the anterior belly of the Digastricus, in front by the middle line of the neck between the mandible and the hyoid bone; below, by the body of the hyoid bone; its floor is formed by the Mylohyoideus.
		The Subclavian Triangle, the smaller division of the posterior triangle, is bounded, above, by the inferior belly of the Omohyoideus; below, by the clavicle; its base is formed by the posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoideus.
		The size of the subclavian triangle varies with the extent of attachment of the clavicular portions of the Sternocleidomastoideus and Trapezius, and also with the height at which the Omohyoideus crosses the neck.
	www.bartleby.com /107/145.html (1700 words)

	[No title]
		The anterior triangle is bordered by the Sternocleidomastoid (SCM), the Mandible and the midline.
		The muscular triangle is formed by the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, the SCM and the sternothyroid muscle.
		The posterior triangle is bordered by the SCM, the trapezius and the clavicle.
	www.med.unc.edu /~kimplera/classes/anatomy/hn2.doc (1104 words)

	Superficial dissection of the neck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Identify the boundaries of the anterior cervical triangle: superiorly the lower border of the mandible, posteriorly the sternomastoid, and anteriorly the midline of the neck.
		Identify the boundaries of the carotid triangle: superior belly of the digastric, anterior border of the sternomastoid and the poster belly of the digastric.
		The boundaries of the submandibular (digastric) triangle are:
	www.umanitoba.ca /Medicine/Anatomy/disjv13.htm (1417 words)

	Anterior Triangle of the Neck
		Notice that the lingual nerve and submandibular duct pass through a gap between the hypoglossal (hg) and mylohyoid (mh) muscles and the lingual artery passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle.
		The submental triangle is located between the two anterior digastric muscles (abd).
		The nerves that enter the carotid triangle and that lie superficial to the internal jugular vein, internal and external carotid arteries are:
	mywebpages.comcast.net /wnor/lesson5.htm (1576 words)

	Conduction system
		This landmark is delineated by the tendon of Todaro, the septal attachment of the tricuspid valve, and the mouth of the coronary sinus.
		The atrioventricular node and bundle of His are located within the triangle of Koch, which is formed by 1) the origin of the septal leaf of the tricuspid valve, the Thebesian valve, and the Eustachian valve of the vena cava and its anterior extension, known as the tendon of Todaro.
		The sides of this triangle are formed by the origin of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve, the Thebesian valve of the coronary sinus, and the tendon of Todaro.
	www.pediheart.org /practitioners/anatomy/conduction.htm (1125 words)

	CHD and Pediatric Cardiology - Contact Us
		Such abnormal positioning of the muscular outlet septum is probably the best recognised form of malalignment, but there is an equally significant variant, namely that involving malalignment between the apical muscular septum and the atrial septum.
		As indicated above, the essence of straddling and overriding of the tricuspid valve is malalignment between the leading edge of the atrial septum and the crest of the muscular ventricular septum (Figure 1 and echo 1).
		The margins of the nodal triangle, shown in green, are the leading edge of the atrial septum and the hingepoint of the inferior bridging leaflet.
	www.acc.org /community/pediatric/opinion_apr03.htm (1441 words)

	Alexis Carrel - Nobel Lecture
		The lesions consisted in the progressive disappearance of the elastic and muscular elements of the wall, of an augmentation of interstitial connective tissue and of a thickening of the intima.
		The muscular fibres of the wall had disappeared, but the diameter of the vessel was practically the same as that of the neighbouring parts of the aorta.
		It was of little importance whether the muscular fibres were preserved or not, as the vascular wall adapted itself to the pressure, and no dilatation occurred.
	www.nobel.se /medicine/laureates/1912/carrel-lecture.html (10123 words)

	McCarthy KP, Ho SY, Anderson RH. Ventricular Septal Defects: Morphology of the
		These are defects which have an exclusively muscular rim when viewed from their right ventricular aspect, and those defects which have fibrous continuity between the leaflets of the aortic and pulmonary valves.
		The atrioventricular component of the septum is itself pierced by the atrioventricular conduction axis as it passes from the apex of the triangle of Koch to reach the crest of the muscular septum.
		With defects that open to the ventricular outlet, it is the size of the muscular bar interposing between the leaflets of the aortic and tricuspid valves that is the key feature relative to the vulnerability of the conduction tissues.
	www.health.gov.mt /impaedcard/issue/issue4/0523/0523.htm (4099 words)

	Neck lecture notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Borders of the anterior triangle of the neck (Clemente plate 436 fig.
		The sympathetic trunk (on the anterior aspect of longus colli) with associated middle (at the level of the inferior thyroid artery) and inferior cervical ganglia (on the posterior aspect of the origin of the vertebral artery).
		The scalene mass and the levator scapulae arise from the posterior tubercles of the cervical vertebrae and insert into ribs 1 and 2, and the superior angle of the scapula, respectively.
	www.indstate.edu /thcme/duong/neck.html (5614 words)

	Written Quiz - Anterior Triangle of the Neck
		The triangle in which the superior branch of the ansa cervicalis separates from the hypoglossal nerve is the:
		A 50-year-old woman is brought to the operating room for a biopsy of a suspicious looking nevus (mole) which is found along the anterior border of her sternocleidomastoid muscle at about its midlength.
		Subsequent tests show that a large vessel passing between the anterior and middle scalene muscles is being occluded by hypertrophy (enlargement) of the muscles due to the excercise.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/quizzes/written/session37.html (839 words)

	eMedicine - Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma : Article by Amit Dwivedi, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The anterior triangle is subdivided by the digastric muscle and the superior belly of the omohyoid into the submental triangle, the digastric triangle, the carotid triangle, and the muscular triangle.
		The digastric triangle boundaries are, anteroinferiorly, the anterior belly of the digastric; posteroinferiorly, the posterior belly of the digastric and the stylohyoid; and superiorly (base), the base of the mandible and a line joining the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process.
		The carotid triangle boundaries are, superiorly, the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the stylohyoid; anteroinferiorly, the superior belly of the omohyoid; and posteriorly, the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic760.htm (4361 words)

	AANS.org \| Education and Meetings \| AANS Scientific Journals \| Neurosurgical Focus
		The floor of this triangle consists of the posterior arch of the atlas and the posterior atlantooccipital membrane.
		In the atlantoaxial region, the obliquus capitis inferior and the semispinalis and splenius cervicis muscles delineate the inferior suboccipital triangle.
		The C-1 nerve is located in the depth of the superior suboccipital triangle and within the sulcus of the VA of the posterior arch of the atlas, where it divides into anterior and posterior rami.
	aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/dec96/1-6-p2.asp?... (6179 words)

	muscular dystrophy - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about muscular dystrophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Muscle fibres degenerate, to be replaced by fatty tissue, although the nerve supply remains unimpaired.
		The commonest form, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, strikes boys (1 in 3,000), usually before the age of four.
		Muscular Disruption Units (scale of effect of Tasers)
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /muscular%20dystrophy (169 words)

	Review of Anatomy: The Neck
		There are also muscular attachments from the hyoid to the tongue, mandible, and styloid.
		The anterior triangle which contains most of the vital structures, can be divided into smaller triangles by muscles.
		The anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric form the submandibular triangle.
	www.bcm.tmc.edu /oto/studs/anat/neck.html (680 words)

	sBMJ \| Picture Quiz: Know your anatomy--the femoral triangle
		The femoral triangle is the name given to an area of the anterior aspect of the thigh formed as different muscles and ligaments cross each other producing an inverted triangular shape (fig 2).
		Looking at the triangle from above, the medial border of the sartorius forms the lateral border of the triangle, the inguinal ligament forms the superior border, and the medial border of the adductor longus forms its medial border.
		The floor of the femoral triangle is muscular and roughly concave or gutter shaped, formed, from medial to lateral, by the adductor longus, part of the adductor brevis, the pectineus, and the iliopsoas.
	www.studentbmj.com /issues/03/09/education/318.php (745 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		rius, [TA] superior lumbar triangle: an inconstant triangle or rhombus bounded by the twelfth rib and the serratus posterior inferior, erector spinae, and internal oblique muscles, and overlapped by the latissimus dorsi and the external oblique, with the thoracolumbar fascia as its floor.
		re, pontocerebellar triangle: the angular depression between the inferior border of the pons, the interior cerebellar peduncle, and the flocculus of the cerebellum.
		re, [TA] submandibular triangle: the triangular region of the neck bounded by the mandible, the stylohyoid muscle and posterior belly of the digastric muscle, and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
	www.merckmedicus.com /pp/us/hcp/thcp_dorlands_content.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/dmd-t-036.htm (1875 words)

	eMedicine - Bundle Branch Block, Left : Article Excerpt by: Christopher Mart, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This area is located at the apex of the triangle of Koch, which is formed by the tricuspid annulus, the tendon of Todaro, and the ostium of the coronary sinus.
		The blood supply to the AV node is the AV nodal artery, which is a branch of the right coronary artery in 85-90% of individuals and a branch of the left circumflex coronary artery in 10-15% of individuals.
		At the apex of the triangle of Koch, the compact AV node becomes the penetrating bundle of His, which penetrates the central fibrous body at the attachment of the tendon of Todaro, runs between the membranous septum and the muscular septum, and bifurcates at the crest of the muscular ventricular septum.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/byname/bundle-branch-block-left.htm (691 words)

	Univ of Michigan - Topographical Anatomy Tables
		a triangle in the upper chest region that is bounded medially by the clavicle, superiorly by the deltoid m.
		deltopectoral triangle is pierced by the cephalic vein on its course from the upper limb to join the axillary vein in the axilla
		a musculo-fascial triangle on the anterior surface of the thigh; its boundaries are: superior - inguinal ligament, lateral - sartorius m., medial - medial edge of the adductor longus m.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/anatomytables/topogr_alpha.html (3854 words)

	eMedicine - Supraomohyoid Neck Dissection : Article by Antonio Riera March, MD, FACS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Submandibular triangle: The inferior border of the mandible and the 2 bellies of the digastric muscle delineate the submandibular triangle.
		Submental triangle: The anterior belly of the digastric muscle, the hyoid bone, and the midline of the neck delineate the submental triangle.
		This triangle is limited by the anterior margin of the trapezius muscle, the posterior border of the SCM muscle, and the middle third of the clavicle.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic504.htm (9729 words)

	[No title]
		(UG) UROGENITAL TRIANGLE The urogenital triangle is the anterior division of the perineum.
		The 7 layers from inferior to superior are skin, superficial fatty layer, superficial membranous layer, superficial muscular layer, perineal membrane (inferior fascia of UG diaphragm), deep muscular layer, deep fascia.
		No, the answer is C. The UG diaphragm is the deep muscular layer consisting of sphincter urethrae and the paired deep transverse perineus muscles.
	kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/anatomy/tk14.wbc (1262 words)

	Bikram Yoga Portsmouth, NH
		Triangle works every muscle, tendon, joint and internal organ in the body.
		The whole torso should be stretching out in a forty-five degree angle like a canon, in line with the straight leg, and arms should be up and down perpendicular to the floor.
		During the Triangle posture, the lower portion of the body becomes a solid base with upper body twisting.
	www.bikramyogaportsmouth.com /posturegallery/triangle.htm (212 words)

	McCarthy KP, Ho SY, Anderson RH. Categorisation of ventricular septal defects: review
		The hallmark of this defect is obstruction of the subpulmonary outflow tract produced by the “squeeze” between the deviated outlet septum and the hypertropied septoparietal trabeculations.
		Because of this, the atrioventricular node is no longer found at the apex of the triangle of Koch, but is abnormally positioned, being formed at the point where the muscular ventricular septum meets the atrioventricular junction (Fig.
		Anatomy of the muscular subpulmonary infundibulum with regard to the Ross procedure.
	www.health.gov.mt /impaedcard/issue/issue3/2440/2440.htm (3755 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The anterior triangle is bordered by the SCM, the mandible, and the median line of the neck.
		To further subdivide the anterior triangle, the omohyoid and the digastric define the borders between the muscular, carotid, submandibular, and submental triangles.
		The carotid triangle contains the carotid sheath and its contents, the the external carotid artery, the hypoglossal nerve, the ansa cervicalis, the accessory nerve, the thyroid, the larynx, the pharynx, deep cervical lymph nodes, and branches of the cervical plexus.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~spark/notes/M1/anatomy/20011201-ana-post_tri_neck.doc (1024 words)

	Posterior Triangle of the Neck
		Superficial Neck; Posterior Triangle of the Neck; Muscular Triangle of the Neck
		They are used clinically in describing the locations of injuries, lesions, etc. We will define the boundaries of each triangle in lecture but you will not be tested on the boundaries of the triangles, only on the locations and the contents of the triangles.
		in the posterior cervical triangle and between the paired sternocleidomastoid mm.
	anatomy.uams.edu /AnatomyHTML/posteriortriangle.html (2777 words)

	Predator 2099 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		He has a triangle with the point down and a wheel attached to the point in stead of legs.
		He has a pink diamond in the middle of the triangle with blades around it.
		His body except his his face and his triangle are camouflaged with red,green,light green, and brown.
	www.tidalpassages.com /minds-eye/95/Predator%202099.htm (140 words)

	CASE REPORT - LUMBAR HERNIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		On examination there was a single oval swelling of 10 x 6 cms arising from the superior lumbar triangle with an expansile impulse on coughing.
		Herniation through inferior triangle is more common, probably due to variable attachment of external oblique and latissimus dorsi to iliac crest.
		Congenital lumbar hernia at the triangle of Petit.
	www.bhj.org /journal/2000_4204_oct00/CASE_635.HTM (667 words)

	Lab Manual - Perineum & External Genitalia
		Remove the muscular fascia; dissect and identify the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles.
		Reflect the bulbospongiosus muscle from the perineal body on one side, carefully lifting it from the surface of the vestibular bulb, and noting the manner in which the muscle ends at the base of the shaft of the clitoris.
		Reflect the bulbospongiosus muscle from the midline, noting the manner in which the muscle covers the bulb of the corpus spongiosum and encircles the root of the penis.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/pelvis/perineum.html (1315 words)

	eMedicine - Radical Neck Dissection : Article by Antonio Riera March, MD, FACS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The borders of the anterior cervical triangle are the inferior border of the mandible, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and the midline of the neck.
		The anterior cervical triangle is further subdivided into 4 smaller triangles: the submandibular triangle, submental triangle, muscular triangle, and carotid triangle.
		The posterior cervical triangle also is referred to as the lateral cervical triangle and is limited by the anterior margin of the trapezius muscle, the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and the middle third of the clavicle.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic502.htm (9916 words)

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