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	Improvisation and Jan Broeckx Godfried-Willem Raes
		Western music history, in the too narrow sense of the history of musical artefacts as taken as an object of study in traditional musicology and music- philosophy, came to an end, because the object of its prime concern became less and less a substantial part of new contemporary music creation.
		The reduction of music to a sake of aural perception is therefore a paradigm to be rejected.
		Improvisation in an artistic sense means the artistic interaction with the world of sound, realised in a game of creative generation and actualisation of new sound-figures and relations between sound-figures organised within a pragmatic-syntactic context, a process.
	www.logosfoundation.org /g_texts/improvisation-broeckx.html (3342 words)

	Musical improvisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Musical improvisation is the spontaneous creative process of a making music while it is being performed.
		Improvisation exists in almost all music - whilst the term is most frequently associated with melodic improvisation as found in jazz, spontaneous real time variation in performance of tempo and dynamics within a classical performance may also be considered as improvisation.
		Improvisation by any of the musicians follows, and this is typically the longest section of a song as each musician improvises their own melody over the harmonic and rhythmic foundation of the head.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Musical_improvisation (1326 words)

	Teaching Large Ensemble Music Improvisation
		Unlike traditional jazz improvisation musical training, where there are considerations of pitch, interval and harmony, these “rules” enable members of the ensemble to actively listen and respond to each other with great focus through an enhanced mutual awareness.
		Conversely, the concept of musical ritual in its pure sense, where there is no division between priesthood and laity, performers and audience, but rather a communion of participants with the music functioning as a catalyst for that communion, will be most likely the music of tomorrow's society.
		This pedagogy of free improvisation is not solely about the music -- it's about the ritual of communion between the participants in the group, with the audience as co-listener (and ultimately then, in their co-discovery, co-creator) and their collective expression, un-concealment and discovery of musical informants in-the-moment.
	radicalpedagogy.icaap.org /content/issue4_1/01_Allen.html (3358 words)

	Improvisation
		Musical improvisation requires musical thoughts, the knowledge of the "language" of music, and the physical ability to play an instrument.
		This answer actually yields a clue into why improvisation seems so difficult to grasp, especially among players who haven’t experienced musical improvisation in their backgrounds (and also haven’t yet realized that access to improvisation has been there all along – they just didn’t know it).
		That is why I consider improvisation to be an essential skill in reaching a level of contentment as a musician, because improvisation requires you to know music.
	www.wholemusiclearning.com /IMPRintro.htm (1008 words)

	Milestones of the Millenium: Improvisation
		Sometimes, a composer was required to improvise a passage of an otherwise notated composition, as was the case with the 1808 premiere of Beethoven's Choral Fantasy, Op.
		As master improviser and Harvard Professor Robert Levin points out, a cadenza is a musical freeze frame in the midst of a concerto.
		Improvisation is music at its most spontaneous, unexpected and exciting.
	www.npr.org /programs/specials/milestones/991124.motm.improv.html (532 words)

	Improvisation Music Methodology - Godfried-Willem RAES
		Improvisation teaching methods aiming at free improvisation are not frequently described in articles and books - especially not elaborate methods.
		An improvising amateur orchestra, the 'Filharmonie van Gent', was formed and was active during the period of 1974 to 1985.
		Improvisation as party-time, during which individuals are left released from some social taboos.
	www.logosfoundation.org /g_texts/improvisation-methodology.html (2757 words)

	Musical Improvisation in the Eighteenth Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Perhaps one cause of the loss of improvisation was the loss of a system of musical shorthand that made instant composition easy: figured bass notation.
		The standard musical shorthand in the eighteenth century was figured bass, or thorough-bass.
		For music students who do not read German, Heinichen's work is clearly explained (and partially translated) by George J. Buelow, in his Thorough-Bass Accompaniment According to Johann David Heinichen, rev. ed., Studies in Musicology, No. 84 (Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1986).
	www.wright.edu /~martin.maner/improv01.html (241 words)

	THERAMONITOR.COM: Music Therapy - Improvisation
		Improvisation in music therapy is defined as a process in which the client makes up music while singing or playing, extemporaneously creating a melody, rhythm, song, or instrumental piece.
		Music therapy is a systematic process; it is not a series of random events.
		Improvisation is a generative and creative process of musical intervention.
	www.theramonitor.com /music/mImprov.html (805 words)

	CHI 97: A Computer Participant in Musical Improvisation
		Musical improvisation is a collaborative activity analogous to conversation.
		ImprovisationBuilder, a Smalltalk-80 framework for interactive music [24, 25], distinguishes itself by its representation of the improvisational structure and its ability to adjust to the human performer's changing roles during performance.
		HarmonyGenerator is a subclass of Composer that constructs musical phrases in the manner of a jazz pianist.
	sigchi.org /chi97/proceedings/paper/wfw.htm (4970 words)

	Encouraging Hands Music School - Improvisation Toolbelt
		Remember that music is like an ocean and there is a constant flow of waves which you could think of as being the harmonies and scales intersecting and blending with each other.
		Music, all music has dance in it and your job as musician is to find and release the dance in any piece that you are playing.
		No matter what the style of music, at the bed rock is the pulse and the pulse is the beat or rhythm and this is the journey that music is. We are not bound to one location, with music we can ride in our spaceship through the universe, travel anywhere we want to go.
	www.encouraginghands.com /articles_toolbelt.htm (5651 words)

	Music Star \| Good Reasons For Musical Improvisation - Editorial
		Personal musical expression in an improvisation is unique and demonstrates the individual's characteristics, and the style of the musician shows appreciation for the listeners and their taste and character.
		According to a listener's experience, the musical sympathy engendered by an original and genuine feeling presented by an improvised song, is more easily and more frequently possible than with a "patchwork of music".
		The MUSICAL IMPROVISATION is in the world of music only ONE of several expressions of such art, but for musicians it deserves a much higher attention, because of the "personal note" it gives to the musician.
	www.musicstar.ca /article.php?id=13 (235 words)

	Kanack School of Music
		Musical Improvisation for Children is a revolutionary development in the field of music education.
		The book begins with an introduction to the philosophies of her method, then guides the parent or teacher through a series of improvisational games to play with the child.
		Though this book was written with two to five years-olds in mind, it serves as an excellent introduction to creative musical expression at any age.
	kanackschoolofmusic.com /cad_musicalimprovisation.html (96 words)

	Arts Praxis - A Model for Teaching Creative Vocal Jazz Improvisation - NYU Steinhardt's Music and Performing Arts ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Improvisation in Western classical music, as well as in other art musics of the world, such as Indian and Persian, requires that a vast repertoire of stylistically appropriate rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic patterns be internalized.
		And despite the many valid criticisms of the National Standards (Thibeault, 2003), the fact that school music teachers and students at all levels are trying to improvise, or at the least questioning why their music educations have failed to prepare them to do so, is a good outcome.
		Improvisation is a skill that most musicians wish they had in order to free themselves from the tyranny of the written page.
	steinhardt.nyu.edu /music/page.php?page_id=1003 (2401 words)

	April conference at Illinois to focus on improvisation in music
		Ethnomusicologist Bruno Nettl, an emeritus professor in the UI School of Music, is the organizer of "Improvisation: New Directions in the Study of Musical Improvisation," an interdisciplinary and intercultural conference that will be held on campus April 1-4.
		“My parents were in the field of classical music, and father had a student who went to India in 1935,” said Nettl, an emeritus professor in the School of Music at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
		The four-day event, “Improvisation: New Directions in the Study of Musical Improvisation,” takes place in various campus locations and venues, and will feature lectures, panel discussions, lecture-demonstrations and concerts by musicians and scholars from Illinois and elsewhere.
	www.news.uiuc.edu /news/04/0316improvisation.html (540 words)

	Musical Forms
		The improvised singing was relied upon in Stage musicals in its early years, started by the Syrian artist Abu-Khalil Al-Qabbani, followed by the Egyptian singer Salama Al- Hijazi (1917) and the Tunisian singer Muhammad Al-Aqrabi (1967).
		In Musical Composition forms, a primary one is the “Noubah” in the Arab Maghrib (Arabs of North Africa).
		In the old days, it used to be the improvisation of the lead musician, then, followed by the rest of the group, and this style has died out in the modern times.
	www.classicalarabicmusic.com /musical_forms.htm (4130 words)

	Improvisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Improvisation is the art of acting and reacting, in the moment, to one's surroundings.
		Techniques of improvisation are widely trained in the entertainment arts, for example, music, theatre and dance.
		Singing Improvisation is a mixture of Musical improvisation and Improvisational theater.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Improvisation (1360 words)

	Musical Improvisation & Music Theory (jazz, blues,...)
		Listen to different styles of music, and ask "What makes each musical style sound distinctive?" In each style, what are the characteristic combinations of tempo, rhythms, melodies, harmonies, chord progressions, instruments, playing/singing styles, and...
		Usually, the music we enjoy is an in-between mix, with some confirmation of expectations along with pleasant surprises, in a blend that is interesting but not frustrating.
		To improvise, during the C-chord part of a 12-bar chord progression you can play mainly the red notes (the chord notes for a C-chord) mixed with some other white notes (that aren't in a C-chord) for variety, plus occasional fl notes.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/education/teach/music.htm (2752 words)

	FREE COLLECTIVE IMPROVISATION
		But whilst I was able to pursue such things as an undergraduate music student at Sussex University in the anarcho-hippy twilight of the mid-seventies, such practices now seem altogether too dreamy for the hard-headed, management-directed teaching practices of higher education today, with their assessment criteria, aims and objectives.
		However good or bad an improviser is, their contribution comes not so much from being in control of their instrument, as from their determination to make, with maximum precision, the sound that the music requires at any one time, and the more skilled they are, the more precise that contribution will be.
		Free collective improvisation at Thames Valley University has attracted the rebellious (typically anarchists of one sort or the other) and the religious, because both understood the course as an extraordinary alternative to the rest of their studies, since it promised a unique forum for interpersonal confrontation and ethical debate.
	hjem.get2net.dk /intuitive/fci.htm (4549 words)

	Musical Improvisation Basics Executive Luxury Guide
		Music is way more than just the notes you play, and note selection tends to be the very thing that stops people in their tracks.
		I think it was John Cage (a rather famous composer) that used the New York skyline as the basis for a piece of music.
		We call it music, ever noticed how vividly music triggers memory?The music start and instantly we remember who we were with, where we were, what we were doing.
	www.artspace2000.com /executive_match/Luxury_Guide/music/58283.php (1320 words)

	Musical Improvisation
		Music is a natural expression of feelings with our voice or on a musical instrument or on any object that allows us to produce pleasant sounds.
		There is no previous experience of playing a musical instrument needed, but if you do play music, you might enjoy to bring your instrument and use it in a new way.
		He teaches and performs African drumming and music improvisation in the Nature Art Centre, Ballybane, Ballydehob, West-Cork as well as in art venues, schools, corporate events and festivals in the local community and the whole of Ireland.
	users.skynet.be /fa411931/fest/musicimprov.html (288 words)

	Musical Improvisation, San Diego, CA, April 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Critical Studies and Experimental Practices program in the Music Department at the University of California, San Diego invites proposals for papers and workshops to be presented at a one-day symposium on musical improvisation.
		We encourage papers and workshops dealing with improvisation as it occurs in any musical tradition, and we welcome proposals from musicologists, ethnomusicologists, and musicians, and also from scholars in other disciplines such as cultural studies, sociology, women's studies and literature.
		We are interested not only in performative notions of improvisation but also the cultural contexts that influence and shape improvised traditions.
	www.sun.rhbnc.ac.uk /Music/Conferences/99-4-iab.html (264 words)

	Indie Music Forums :: Good Reasons For Musical Improvisation
		I would take it further than just a person's musical abilities becoming audible and tangible through improvisation and say that a persons spiritual fortitude becomes audible and tangible as well.
		While I do feel inhibited in some crowds (or in the presence of some people who do not give off the energetic vibe that they are open to such experimentation), I have let loose infront of audiences and recieved a positive response.
		This is not the only form of improvisation that I know holds great merit.
	www.musicforte.com /forums/viewtopic.php?p=9011 (534 words)

	:: Musical Improv Comedy ::
		Simple building blocks are combined with performance tips to bring your musical improvisation to its highest level.
		The included CD provides 47 tracks of examples, exercises and practice accompaniments, featuring Michael at the piano and cast members from ImprovOlympic West's Opening Night: The Improvised Musical.
		Study musical improv with Michael at The Second City Los Angeles.
	www.musicalimprov.com (129 words)

	Musical Improvisation On Your Cellphones
		In "Cellphone software allows a musical jam," the New Scientist writes that English engineers have found a way for groups of people to collectively create music using their cellphones.
		Unlike a musical stave's horizontal sequence of notes, the daisy's circular design "reinforces the looping nature of the music," says Bryan-Kinns.
		As the arm passes over coloured shapes placed on the dotted petals, musical sound samples -- such as piano, flute or snare drum -- are played.
	www.primidi.com /2003/10/31.html (296 words)

	The Improvisation of Musical Dialogue - Cambridge University Press
		He offers the radical thesis that it is improvisation that is primary in the moment of music making.
		Succinct and lucid, the book brings together a wide range of musical examples from classical music, jazz, early music and other genres.
		It will be a provocative read for philosophers of art and musicologists and, because it eschews technicality, should appeal to general readers, especially those who perform.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0511058012 (195 words)

	guitar chords, music scales, piano chords and keyboard charts
		Since no music sight reading is required, musicians and students of all levels can benefit from its use.
		It is completely unique and represents a brave new world in terms of music logic and formatting.
		or improvising over most styles of music using scales and chords.
	www.mamimusic.com (1033 words)

	Craig Rusbult (about the author)
		I enrolled in the History of Science program at the University of Wisconsin, but never felt like a historian.
		teaching experience: in classes (mostly chemistry and physics, plus tennis, juggling, learning skills, and music theory and improvisation), summer "chemistry camps" and by tutoring (in physics, chemistry, and calculus);
		Tools for Physics and Musical Improvisation and Juggling.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/education/rusbult.htm (426 words)

	Essential Musical Intelligence: Training (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Day 2 and 3: Exploring the breath/energy realm through EMI: intensive practice of breathing exercises (pranayama) to prepare you to go deeper in your musical healing process; finding your inner breath/pulse; learning to choose specific types of music to balance the 5 breath-energy currents and the 5 elements associated with chakras; chakra awakening and tuning.
		Day 1 and 2: Enhancing Intuition/Intellect through EMI: Exploring the realm beyond mind through EMI; guided imagery and music; musical tantra (resolving emotional polarities through musical improvisation); activating the musical giving-and-receiving feeback loop to facilitate healing (including healing at a distance), opening to abundance through EMI.
		Day 4 and 5: Healing the Wounds of Early Trauma/abuse through EMI — exploring blocks to creativity through EMI, creating your own safe place song, using the EMI giving-and-receiving feedback loop to uproot and transform polarized subpersonalities, advanced guided imagery and music techniques to explore and transform somatic issues related to past traumas.
	www.essentialmusicalintelligence.com /training.htm (429 words)

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