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Topic: Musket ball

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	Smoothbore Musketry - ScotWars
		The smoothbore musket was a long-ranged firearm derived from the earlier arquebus (or hackbutt) during the 16th century.
		The musket was initially heavier than the arquebus, requiring a wooden rest to aim, and had a length of 6 ft compared to the arquebus's 4 ft. Calibers of the weapons varied from 0.50 inch to 0.75 inch.
		Despite the inaccuracies of the smoothbore musket, studies were made by various nations in the 18th and 19th centuries to determine the effectiveness of a body of musketeers against the enemy.
	www.scotwars.com /html/equip_smoothbore_musketry.htm (3829 words)

	Musket ball - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A musket ball was an early form of ammunition used for loading muskets.
		Balls like these were generally made from lead, and were muzzle loaded into the barrel of the musket wrapped in a loosely-fitting paper patch filled with gunpowder on the back end.
		With the widespread adoption of the bullet cartridge and the rifle, muskets and musket balls died out of fashion for their tedious loading procedure and inaccuracy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Musket_ball (102 words)

	Musketry
		The smoothbore musket was a long-ranged firearm derived from the earlier arquebus (or hackbutt) during the 16
		The musket was initially heavier than the arquebus, requiring a wooden rest to aim, and had a length of 6 ft compared to the arquebus's 4 ft. Calibers of the weapons varied from 0.50 inch to 0.75 inch.
		The use of skirmishers during the period of the smoothbore musket to harass the enemy was not uncommon.
	www.miniaturewargames.com /musketry.htm (3745 words)

	The 1855 Rifle Musket
		For rifled small arms these spherical lead balls had to be nearly the same diameter as the bore of the gun in order for the projectile to engage the rifling lands and grooves on the inside of the barrel when the gun was fired.
		To compensate for the slightly shorter length of the 56" long Model 1855 rifle musket in hand-to-hand combat it was issued with a bayonet- 2" longer that that used with the smoothbore musket (23" long, 18" blade length).
		Such was the ultimate legacy of the M1855 rifle musket; a weapon that spanned the gap between the smoothbore musket and the rifled breechloader.
	www.eclectichistorian.net /RifleMusket/index.html (3636 words)

	[No title]
		To accomplish this object the balls ought to be made somewhat longer on one axis than on the other, in order to prevent their getting out of position before leaving the gun and to secure their passage through the air in a line exactly coincident with the axis or center of the spiral cavity.
		The other method is to fire the ball with the smaller end foremost, in which case the rotary motion is produced by the escape rearward of the gas of the powder forced into the cavity in the ball at the time of firing.
		The same balls may be used in either of these two ways; but as the balls had better be a trifle heavier at the end which is to be the forward end in firing, the balls may be made different in this respect, according to the way they are to be used.
	www.civilwarartillery.com /patents/Patents/PATENT14742.doc (1006 words)

	Musket - Surgery
		His book, “Principles of Surgery”, published in 1831, gives a comprehensive description of the wounds resulting from musket ball injury.[1] It must be said that many of the texts of the time have very similar descriptions of the injuries suggesting that many may have taken their notes from each others publications.
		In many patients, if the musket ball had not gone through the affected limb, it had lodged itself somewhere within it and had to be removed if at all possible.
		The musket ball was lodged in the cancellous bone of the lateral condyle of the femur.
	www.portfolio.mvm.ed.ac.uk /studentwebs/session6/60/surgery.htm (1407 words)

	Musket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The muzzle velocity of a smooth bore musket is in the region of 300metres/second (1,000 feet/second).
		Musketeers often held balls in their mouths to increase the speed of firing, however there is little evidence to indicate they chewed them (see below).
		At about 30 yards a musket ball will go clean through a man, even at 50 yards it may well pierce both breast and back plate of a pike man, the heavier musket balls were said to penetrate the front plat of a corselet at 100 yards.
	www.fairfax.org.uk /main/soldiers/musket.htm (877 words)

	TheHistoryNet \| Civil War Times \| Weaponry: The Rifle-Musket and the Minie Ball
		About 1610, the muzzleloading, smoothbore flintlock musket was invented as an improvement on the matchlock musket, a similar firearm that depended on a lit match for ignition.
		As the name muzzleloading, smoothbore flintlock musket suggests, the gun was loaded (with loose gunpowder and a round ball) at the mouth of its barrel.
		Known to common soldiers as the minié ball (which they pronounced "minnie ball"), the conical bullet could be loaded quickly and easily down a rifle's muzzle and still fit the barrel's rifling grooves tightly when fired.
	www.historynet.com /cwti/blweaponry2 (1464 words)

	Revolutionary war musket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		or Co: Colo: Sheldon; Residence: Washington Co; Observations: Hurt by a ball of musket in the thigh in the square of the mile in November of 1777; enlited of May the 7 of 1777; unloaded of November the 15 of 1780.
		or Co: Colo: J. Livingston; Residence: Champlain Lake; Observations: Hurt in thigh by the ball of musket in the Rhode-island in 1778; commissioner of November the 25 of 1775; of crazy January the 1 of 1781; received commutation that was not returned.
		Regiment; Residence: Canaan; Observations: Hurt in head and eye by a ball of musket in an action with the Indians in mohawk in oct. of 1780; average pension.
	revolutionaries.fsearch.info /revolutionary-war-musket.htm (3013 words)

	1795-1815 Napoleon Finds
		Along with musket balls the item was found at an old farm were soldiers were present during and after a battle.
		The musket ball represents like no other find warfare from the 30 year war to well into the 19.
		This group of musket balls serve as a representative for all musket balls I ever found.
	www.adventurehistory.com /selectedfinds/catalogue/17951815napoleon/index.html (403 words)

	War of 1812 - The 17th Regiment of U.S. Infantry
		The basic weapon of the infantry was the model 1795 musket and the variations that were produced untill the first significant new models were introduced in the postwar period.
		The auxiliary weapon to the musket was the bayonet.
		For drill purposes, the regular flint is removed from the musket jaws, and the wooden flint is substituted.This enables the musket to fully function(except for firing) during the drill without wearing down the steel of the battery, (a.k.a.
	www.iaw.on.ca /~jsek/us17pg4.htm (2971 words)

	Factsheets Database - The Development of the Rifle - Powered by ReviewPost
		Consequently on firing the ball bounced off the sides of the barrel when fired and the final direction on leaving the muzzle was unpredictable.
		Early muskets produced large quantities of smoke and soot, which had to be cleaned from the action and bore of the musket frequently; either the action of repeated bore scrubbing, or a deliberate attempt to create 'soot grooves' might also have led to a perceived increase in accuracy, although no-one knows for sure.
		One of the most famous was the Minié system, which relied on a conical bullet (known as a Minié ball) with a hollow at the base of the bullet that caused the base of the round to expand from the pressure of the exploding charge and grip the rifling as the round was fired.
	www.trackpads.com /factsheets/showproduct.php/product/496 (2340 words)

	Record of Civil War Veteran Disabilities
		Musket ball struck left shoulder about middle of clavicle apparently chipping a piece from lower side and lodged in axilla from which it has since been extracted.
		1862 by a musket ball striking the front of the right leg over the middle of tibia breaking that bone and lodging in the muscles behind from which it was extracted 23 days after.
		Musket ball through right hand from dorsum to palm fracturing metacarpal bone of middle finger and wounding thumb.
	www.valstar.net /~jcraig/docnotes.htm (7126 words)

	Matchlock Musket, Suhl appr. 1630
		In February 1599 the dutch army regulations limited the weight of the musket to about 6,5 kg, which was still fairly heavy and requiret the use of a musket rest or forquette.
		During the first quarter of the 17th century large bulks of muskets were manufactured in the german towns of Suhl and Essen, in the dutch cities of Amsterdam, Utrecht, Dortrecht and ’s-Gravenhagen (the Hague).
		As musket balls were shot with a comparable large windage between the inner diameter of the barrel and the diameter of the ball, it frequently happened, that when the musketeers had to shoot downhill, the bullets starting rolling out of the barrel because of the missing wad.
	www.engerisser.de /Bewaffnung/weapons/Matchlockmusket.html (1229 words)

	History on NRO Weekend
		Muskets were not accurate, and musketmen were not even expected to aim at particular targets.
		Several volleys of disciplined musket fire, followed by a screaming bayonet charge (the Brown Bess had a 17-inch bayonet), were often sufficient to carry the day for the British — as at Lexington, Manhattan or Camden.
		While muskets were easy to use, the Kentucky rifle was effective only in the hands of a skilled marksman, who could hit a target the size of a man's head from 200 yards away.
	www.nationalreview.com /weekend/history/history-kopel070100.shtml (1338 words)

	J. Stanage - The Rifle-Musket vs. The Smoothbore Musket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Of these cartridges, A and B were used in the smoothbore muskets, C was used in a rifled version of the same muskets and D was used in the Springfield, the Enfield and many other arms of that same caliber.
		This indicates that for all practical purposes the smoothbore musket is ineffective at 300 yards and greater.
		The smoothbore with only ball is obviously worse than the rifle musket, while the smoothbore with buck and ball is better than the rifle musket at 100 yards and is better than the smoothbore with ball alone at 200 yards.
	www.iusb.edu /~journal/2000/stanage.html (3543 words)

	58 Springfield Rifle Musket
		The muzzle loading 58 caliber rifled musket was the primary weapon of the American Civil War.
		The 56 inch long musket (40" long barrel) was nearly as tall as the average man of the era.
		Shooting a rifle musket can be fun with instant gratification of the smoke cloud, but requires a safe place with a hill as a backstop.
	www.hackman-adams.com /guns/58musket.htm (1143 words)

	Shooting the Minié ball and Rifled Musket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The two brothers in arms, the rifled musket and the minié ball, should trigger one of the greatest changes of battle tactics of all time.
		The minié ball is a undersized conical with a hollow base made to slip down the barrel quite easily.
		Wrapped in a paper cartridge which contained both the powder and ball it could be loaded at high speed without having to literally hammer the bullet down the bore which was common when using oversized conicals and patched roundballs.
	www.svartkrutt.net /engminie.html (899 words)

	eBay Guides - musket ball characteristics
		This commentary refers mainly to round musket balls rather than the conical or hollow based bullets used in rifled muskets from the Crimea to Gettysburg.
		It is extremely useful to photograph musket balls with a clearly marked rule or a common coin so that sizes may be estimated.
		Undamaged musket balls are said by U.S. Civil War collectors to be dropped, that is lost or unused, as opposed to those fired.
	reviews.ebay.com /musket-ball-characteristics_W0QQugidZ10000000000937374 (536 words)

	Spinal Cord - Abstract of article: Admiral Lord Nelson's death: known and unknown - A historical review of the anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(3) Investigating the course of the musket ball on a cadaver by RP (one of the authors).
		Assuming the left pulmonary artery was injured, anatomical studies based on atlases and dissection on a cadaver failed to support a simple straight-line course of the musket ball that could have divided the artery and damage the spinal cord on its path forward.
		The question remains open as to how the musket ball following a relatively straight-line trajectory by entering the body at the acromion, could have divided the left pulmonary artery and damaged the spinal cord later in its course.
	www.nature.com /sc/journal/v43/n10/abs/3101850a.html (263 words)

	Battle of Fallen Timbers - Final NPS Report
		Musket ammunition was issued in the form of paper tubes containing the powder charge, ball and/or buckshot.
		Nass 1985) In this instance, a likely explanation is that some combatants carried a ball (or musket cartridge) between the teeth as an "emergency" round or chewed at a ball to prevent dryness in the mouth while in a hot and stressful situation.
		Spent US musket balls occur from E 1150 to E 1500 (450m/410yds) and are of greatest concentration in the area E 1225 to 1425.
	www.heidelberg.edu /FallenTimbers/NPSreport/NPSreport17.12-98.html (3204 words)

	tactics and weapons of the American revolution
		By far, the most common weapon was the smoothbore flintlock musket, of a large caliber,.62 to.75 inch bore, or equal to 16 to 11 gauge shotguns.
		The French musket (the Charleyville), supplied to the Americans, was 69 caliber and fired a 65 caliber ball.
		Since the ball is undersized, and the paper cartridge is just dropped into the barrel, the ball might come out spinning as the gases behind it escaped unevenly.
	www.doublegv.com /ggv/battles/tactics.html (1301 words)

	Alexandria Archaeology Museum - The Wickham Musket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The musket was found in the privy with its muzzle down and broken at the wrist.
		Priming powder was still in the pan, and x-rays revealed a.69 caliber musket ball with wadding and a powder charge in the barrel.
		The musket was carefully reassembled with replacement parts of grey painted wood and wax, clearly distinguishable from the original wood and metal.
	oha.ci.alexandria.va.us /archaeology/ar-exhibits-wickham.html (520 words)

	Armi Sport Reproduction Muskets from Thunder Ridge
		The model 1861 Springfield rifled musket was the principal firearm of the Civil War.
		The nipple protector was a standard issue with each Enfield musket or rifle, being designed to give protection to one of the most important parts, the nipple.
		The C.S. Richmond Musket was manufactured from 1861 to 1865 by The Richmond Armory in Richmond, Virginia.
	thunder-ridge-muzzleloading.com /cwmuskets.htm (793 words)

	Technology and the Change Process
		A musket ball, not a bullet, was rammed down this smooth barrel from the top with relatively little resistance.
		When the weapon was fired, the ball careened down the barrel, ricocheting from one side to another.
		The rifle ball was wrapped in paraffin-soaked cloth, which held it against the sides of the barrel.
	www.syfrcorp.com /presentations/TechChangeProcess.html (2491 words)

	Excerpt: The Revolution in Warfare
		Since muskets were effective for only a hundred yards, the enemy could do little about it, and Napoleon won most of his later battles in this way.
		Although the combination of field fortifications and the Minié ball immensely increased the power of the defense, commanders had no method to reach a decision except the line of battle, and they continued to employ it, though attacks failed five times out of six.
		Rifles were more accurate and longer ranged than muskets, but had not become standard military weapons because the rifling in the barrel quickly became fouled by gunpowder.
	www.bevinalexander.com /excerpts/civil-war/revolution-in-warfare.htm (857 words)

	Titleist: Principles of Aerodynamics: Common Myths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Truth #1, taken from Intro to Aerodynamics I: When a golf ball or any other solid object moves through the atmosphere, a thin layer of air (the boundary layer) sticks to it and is dragged along with it.
		While the smooth ball doesn't generate as much lift as the dimpled one, it does create a substantial amount - equivalent to about 1/3 to 1/2 of its own weight for much of the speed range.
		While the improved lift on a dimpled ball is part of the reason for the extra distance, that's not the whole story.
	www.titleist.com /technology/details.asp?id=20 (634 words)

	Musket has history -and a mystery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The five-foot-long weapon has a fitting for a bayonet, which is missing, and a musket ball is lodged in the barrel, Musser said.
		The musket does hold a possible clue: Musser said that after he cleaned centuries of grime from the weapon, the name Josiah Hillman appeared on the stock.
		Also, though, the musket ball could hold clues, based on its composition, etc. They likely could tell where it was from.
	freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1723448/posts (3051 words)

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