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Topic: Mussolini

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Benito Mussolini

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March on Rome

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Tea With Mussolini

Birth of the Italian Republic

Alessandra Mussolini

Romano Mussolini

Claretta Petacci

Galeazzo Ciano

	Benito Mussolini: First World War
		Mussolini was active in the socialist movement but moved to right in 1914 when the Italian government failed to support the Triple Alliance.
		Mussolini headed a coalition of fascists and nationalists and parliamentary government continued until the murder of the socialist leader, Giacomo Matteotti in 1924.
		Mussolini, with mistress, Clara Petacci, and twelve members of his Cabinet, were executed by partisans in a village on Lake Como yesterday afternoon, after being arrested in an attempt to cross the Swiss frontier.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWmussolini.htm (3055 words)

	Mussolini - MSN Encarta
		However, Mussolini’s overriding ambition was to seize power, and the opportunity came in the form of the Italian political crises of 1922.
		Mussolini thus began his rule as the legal head of government even though the Fascist party had never obtained more than 15 percent of the national vote.
		All of this was possible, Mussolini claimed, because he had overcome the class conflicts and ideological schisms of the liberal era, and had unified the Italian people behind him.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761553773_2/Mussolini.html (1502 words)

	Benito Mussolini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mussolini was born in a small village named Predappio in the province of Forlì, in Emilia-Romagna.
		It is generally believed that Mussolini and Petacci were killed in the afternoon of April 28, in the village of Giulino di Mezzegra, by "Colonnello Valerio", the partisan commander charged by the CLN (National Liberation Committee) with the task of executing the death sentence issued against Mussolini.
		Mussolini's granddaughter Alessandra, daughter of Romano Mussolini, is currently a deputy in the Republican Chamber and Member of the European Parliament for the right party Alternativa Sociale.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benito_Mussolini (2977 words)

	Benito Mussolini killer file (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini uses his charisma and talent at public speaking to popularise the movement as the bastion of Italian nationalism and a bulkhead against the communist "threat".
		Mussolini is appointed prime minister of a coalition government and begins transforming Italy into a fascist regime, where the individual belongs to the state.
		Mussolini announces the Italian victory to a jubilant crowd of 400,000 in Rome on 9 May. In 1937, following a failed assassination attempt on the Italian colonial governor, 30,000 Ethiopians are executed.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/mussolini.html (2555 words)

	Mussolini - MSN Encarta
		Benito Mussolini (1883-1945), founder of Fascism and prime minister and dictator of Italy (1922-1943).
		Mussolini was born in Predappio, a small town in north central Italy, near the city of Forlì.
		Most socialists, including Mussolini at the time, wanted the country to remain neutral on the grounds that the war was imperialistic and contrary to workers’ interests.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761553773 (751 words)

	Mussolini, Benito. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Mussolini was called Duce [leader] by his followers; his official title was “head of the government,” and he held, besides the premiership, as many portfolios as he saw fit.
		Mussolini was at first cool to Adolf Hitler and opposed his designs on Austria.
		Mussolini’s body was later removed, and in 1957 it was placed in his family’s vault.
	www.bartleby.com /65/mu/Mussolin.html (760 words)

	Lecture 9: The Age of Anxiety, Europe in the 1920s (2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini absorbed the writings of Georges Sorel (1847-1922), a French syndicalist philosopher who argued that true socialism could only appear after a period of violent revolution at the hands of a disciplined proletariat.
		Mussolini was influenced by all these theorists but spent his early years as a traveling schoolteacher and journalist.
		Mussolini understood that there was a need for a complete revolution of values to replace those of decadent and bankrupt bourgeois civilization.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/lecture9.html (2831 words)

	Mussolini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini was born in Varano di Costa in Romagna, Italy.
		News soon spread and Mussolini was blamed for the kidnapping, and upon discovery of Matteoti's body in August, the murder as well.
		Mussolini declared that Italy's population should increase from 40 million to 60 million by the 1950's and to encourage as such, bachelors were heavily taxed and large families were rewarded.
	barney.gonzaga.edu /~sbennet3/mead/lessonplans/miniunit/Mussolini.htm (1969 words)

	Benito Mussolini
		Benito Mussolini was born on July 29th, 1883 in the town of Varnano dei Costa near the village of Predappio.
		Mussolini achieved the rank of Corporal, the same rank as Adolf Hitler, but was discharged in 1917 due to shrapnel wounds while in a trench.
		Although Mussolini quenched his thirst for power, he was still enraged by the treatment Italy received for their part in defeating the Germans and Austrians in World War I. He had visions of a new Roman Empire and he could see the day when the Mediterranean Sea became the "Mare Nostrum"(Our Sea).
	www.comandosupremo.com /Mussolini.html (1242 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: History (Loco Motive) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thus was born the myth of fascist efficiency, with the train as its symbol.
		The myth of Mussolini's punctual trains lives on, albeit with a different slant: rather than serving as a fictitious symbol of the benefits of fascism, it is now offered as a sardonic example that something good can result even from the worst of circumstances.
		Mussolini may have done many brutal and tyrannical things; he may have destroyed human freedom in Italy; he may have murdered and tortured citizens whose only crime was to oppose Mussolini; but 'one had to admit' one thing about the Dictator: he 'made the trains run on time.'
	www.snopes.com /history/govern/trains.htm (468 words)

	Channel 4 - Real Lives - Benito Mussolini
		Mussolini's rule was brutally authoritarian: the parliament was packed with Fascists, opposition newspapers were banned, and opponents of the regime were beaten up.
		Although Mussolini was the senior Fascist, he soon recognised Hitler as the dominant figure on the European stage.
		Mussolini remains a figure of contradictions: the socialist who became a Fascist; the buffoon who loved dressing up but was terrified of people laughing at him; the family man who nevertheless kept several mistresses; the supporter of the racist Hitler who enjoyed fl jazz music; the moderniser who used images of antiquity.
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/R/real_lives/mussolini.html (810 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Mussolini: What is Fascism, 1932
		Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) over the course of his lifetime went from Socialism - he was editor of Avanti, a socialist newspaper - to the leadership of a new political movement called "fascism" [after "fasces", the symbol of bound sticks used a totem of power in ancient Rome].
		Mussolini came to power after the "March on Rome" in 1922, and was appointed Prime Minister by King Victor Emmanuel.
		In 1932 Mussolini wrote (with the help of Giovanni Gentile) and entry for the Italian Encyclopedia on the definition of fascism.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/mussolini-fascism.html (744 words)

	GI -- World War II Commemoration
		Mussolini was born in Predappio, near Forli, in Romagna, on July 29, 1883.
		Mussolini played up to his financial backers at first by transferring a number of industries from public to private ownership.
		Clearly the subordinate partner, Mussolini followed the Nazis in adopting a racial policy that led to persecution of the Jews and the creation of apartheid in the Italian empire.
	gi.grolier.com /wwii/wwii_mussolini.html (1568 words)

	The World at War: Benito Mussolini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini's rise to power was rapid; his Fascist Party Blackshirts marched into Rome in 1922, a year before Hitler's failed first attempt to seize power, the Munich Beer Hall Putch, landed the German in prison.
		Perhaps Mussolini thought that Italy would be the next target for Nazi aggression, if he did not help Hitler win; or he may have just been moved to grab a piece of France before it was too late.
		Mussolini was deposed by a revolt within his own Fascist Grand Council, and Victor Emmanuael III, the King of Italy, who had been reduced to a figurehead by Mussolini, appointed Marshal Badoglio to be the new Prime Minister.
	www.euronet.nl /users/wilfried/ww2/mussolin.htm (710 words)

	Execution of Mussolini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Also, it is of interest as my Dad said he heard about Mussolini's capture and he and some buddies jumped in a truck and drove over to Milan to see the grissly scene.
		Mussolini spent his last 7 days in power in Milan, which was the site of his rise to power.
		She met up with Mussolini after his capture and was at his side when he was gunned down.
	members.aol.com /Custermen85/ILDUCE/Mussolini.htm (2224 words)

	Mussolini's Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Born in 1883 in the Romagna, known for its rebellious spirit, Mussolini was the son of a radical-socialist lower middle class craftsman.
		Mussolini volunteered for combat and was severely wounded in January 1917 during a training mission.
		Mussolini left Milan for Rome on Oct. 30, 1922, to be sworn in as the head of the Italian government.
	www.appstate.edu /~brantzrw/history3134/MUSSOLINI.HTML (3771 words)

	Mussolini
		Although Mussolini quenched his thirst for power, he was still enraged by the treatment Italy received for their part in defeating the Germans and Austrians in World War I. He had visions of a new Roman Empire and he could see the day when the Mediteranean Sea became the "Mare Nostrum"(Our Sea).
		In July 1943, Mussolini was deposed by a revolt within his own Fascist Grand Council, and Victor Emmanuael III, the King of Italy, reduced to a figurehead by Mussolini, appointed Marshall Badoglio to be the new Prime Minister of Italy.
		Mussolini was arrested but later rescued by German paratroopers in a mountaintop resort where he was imprisoned.
	www.488thportbattalion.org /mussolini.html (1094 words)

	Mussolini, Benito -> The Fascist Leader on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini was called Duce [leader] by his followers; his official title was “head of the government,” and he held, besides the premiership, as many portfolios as he saw fit.
		Alessandra Mussolini Alessandra Mussolini, petite-fille du dictateur italien Benito Mussolini, a annoncé samedi qu'elle al.
		Alessandra Mussolini et Gianfranco Fini le 1er janvier 2003 Alessandra Mussolini, petite-fille du dictateur italien Benito.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Mussolin_TheFascistLeader.asp (717 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Left-wing Fascism: An Intellectual Disorder by John J. Ray
		Mussolini's disagreement with Lenin in this matter therefore meant that Mussolini and his Fascist friends greeted with considerable glee the terrible economic disaster (with national income at one third of the 1913 level) that emerged in Russia after the Bolshevik takeover.
		Mussolini was very proud of these working-class roots and it was a great recreation of his, even after coming to power, to take drives in the country with his wife and stop at various farmhouses on the way for a chat with the family there.
		Mussolini also disliked the population drift from rural areas into the big cities and in 1930 passed a law to put a stop to it unless official permission was granted (Smith, 1967, p.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=4087 (6851 words)

	MODERN LEFTISM AS RECYCLED FASCISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Like many other Marxists of his time (See Gregor, 1979), Mussolini tempered his view of the importance of class-solidarity with the recognition that both Marx and Engels had in their lifetimes lent their support to a number of wars between nations (Engels in particular was a pretty virulent German nationalist!).
		Mussolini's disagreement with Lenin in this matter therefore meant that Mussolini and his Fascist friends greeted with considerable glee the terrible economic disaster (with national income at one third of the 1913 level) that emerged in Russia after the Bolshevik takeover.
		Mussolini was of course acutely aware of both streams of syndicalist thinking and it was a great convenience to him to be able to present himself as both a modern Leftist and as a supporter of the church.
	jonjayray.netfirms.com /musso.html (12601 words)

	Mussolini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Indeed, Mussolini as dictator, was indicative of a strong leadership.
		Perhaps, Mussolini was an opportunist in the sense that he appealed to the irrational passions of the discontented in order to gain power.
		Mussolini could not stand stagnation, for stagnation would lead to imminent destruction; therefore, activity, often violence, was used to created change.
	www.udel.edu /POSCISR/mwh/333/disc10/Mussotxt.htm (347 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Left-wing Fascism: An Intellectual Disorder by John J. Ray
		Mussolini was very proud of these working-class roots and it was a great recreation of his, even after coming to power, to take drives in the country with his wife and stop at various farmhouses on the way for a chat with the family there.
		Mussolini initially expressed his sympathies for these upheavals but soon saw that they were reducing Italy to a form of anarchy that was helping no-one.
		Mussolini also disliked the population drift from rural areas into the big cities and in 1930 passed a law to put a stop to it unless official permission was granted (Smith, 1967, p.
	frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=4087 (6841 words)

	History: Brief Look at Benito Mussolini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mussolini was jailed in 1911 for his opposition to Italy’s war in Libya.
		Although Mussolini was given extraordinary powers to return order to Italy he governed constitutionally until 1924 after the violence of the 1924 elections resulting in the death of Socialist party deputy Giacomo Mattoetti.
		Because Mussolini was not militarily prepared she did not enter WWII until 1940 after the Germans had overrun France.
	cyberessays.com /History/71.htm (881 words)

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