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	Modest Mussorgsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Russian: Моде́ст Петро́вич Му́соргский) (March 21, 1839 – March 28, 1881; sometimes spelled Modeste Moussorgsky, and Russians often prefer to transliterate his family name now as the phonetically correct Musorgskii), was an innovative Russian composer famed for his colourful, exotic, and lush orchestral pieces dedicated to various subjects of medieval Russian history.
		Mussorgsky was born in Karevo in the province of Pskov.
		During his lifetime, Mussorgsky was but little known, was an alcoholic (note the red nose in Repin's painting), lived in dismal poverty, and shared his lodging with fellow composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, who edited many of his works when he died.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky (735 words)

	Modest Mussorgsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Russian: Моде́ст Петро́вич Му́соргский) (March 21, 1839 – March 28, 1881; sometimes spelled Modeste Moussorgsky), was an innovative Russian composer famed for his colourful, exotic, and lush orchestral pieces dedicated to various subjects of medieval Russian history.
		During his lifetime, Mussorgsky was but little known, lived in dismal poverty and shared his lodging with the fellow composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.
		The striking novelty of Mussorgsky's original compositions had not been rediscovered until the mid-20th century, when Dmitri Shostakovich reorchestrated his two operas on the Muscovite history, Boris Godunov (based on Pushkin's play of the same title) and Khovanshchina.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Mussorgsky (446 words)

	Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky
		Mussorgsky's 'Pictures at the Exhibition' is arguably the epitome of all programmatic piano music in 19th Century.
		It evinces Mussorgsky's fertile imaginations and is replete with the strikingly original and somewhat exotic melodies, in such a way that shows an affinity with Russian folksongs.
		It is a fact that Mussorgsky did not adhere to the principles of the traditional theory, but strived to relate his music to the Russian culture and life.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Strasse/9981/muss.html (786 words)

	Mussorgsky notes
		Of the five, Mussorgsky (who was "really" a military engineer and clerk, but who had taken piano lessons as a child and become quite good) is regarded today as the most important.
		Mussorgsky's inspiration for Pictures was the death of his dear friend, the architect and visual artist Victor Hartman.
		Mussorgsky imagines himself making his way down the hallway that showcased his late friend's work, with his stately procession represented by the Promenade that opens the piece and returns several times.
	www.music.pomona.edu /orchestra/mus_pict.htm (1243 words)

	Modest Mussorgsky
		Many of Mussorgsky's works were unfinished, and their editing and posthumous publication were mainly carried out by Rimsky-Korsakov, who to a greater or lesser degree 'corrected' what Mussorgsky had composed.
		It was only many years later that, with a return to the composer's original drafts, the true nature of his rough art could be properly understood, for Mussorgsky shared with some of the painters of his day a disdain for formal beauty, technical polish and other manifestations of 'art for art's sake'.
		His desire was to relate his art as closely as possible to life, especially that of the Russian masses, to nourish it on events and to employ it as a means for communicating human experience.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/mussorgsky.html (750 words)

	Composer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mussorgsky was one of the five Russian nationalist composers, roughly grouped under the influence of the unreliable Balakirev.
		Initially an army officer and later, intermittently, a civil servant, Mussorgsky left much unfinished at his death in 1881, nevertheless his influence on composers such as Janácek was considerable, not least in the association he found between speech intonations and rhythms and melody.
		Mussorgsky's 1874 suite Pictures at an Exhibition, a tribute to the versatile artist Hartman, has proved the most popular of all the composer's works, both in its original version for piano and in colourful orchestral versions, of which that by Maurice Ravel has proved the most generally acceptable.
	www.naxos.com /composer/btm.asp?fullname=Mussorgsky,+Modest+Petrovich (401 words)

	KeepMedia \| Rough Guides Music: Modest Mussorgsky
		Of all the composers in the Russian nationalist school known as "The Five" or "The Mighty Handful", Mussorgsky is arguably the greatest.
		Rimsky-Korsakov, while recognizing that Mussorgsky was "talented, original, full of so much that was new and vital", asserted that his manuscripts also revealed "absurd, disconnected harmony, ugly part-writing, sometimes strikingly illogical modulation.
		Mussorgsky was born into a land-owning family and led a rather dilettantish early life.
	keepmedia.com /pubs/RoughGuidesMusic/2001/11/01/284433?...&oliID=229 (208 words)

	Mussorgsky - Pictures at an Exhibition - A Good-Music-Guide Review
		Mussorgsky combines the two paintings into one piece of music where he depicts a conversation between the two.
		Mussorgsky's music depicts the witch flying through the air in her mortar in which she grinds human bones.
		Mussorgsky's original piano version of Pictures was not even published until 5 years after his death, and remained almost unknown until Ravel's masterful orchestration of it in 1922.
	www.good-music-guide.com /reviews/057_mussorgsky_pictures.htm (1094 words)

	classical music - andante - mussorgsky reconsidered
		Mussorgsky (Russians pronounce it with the accent on the first syllable) does not derive from the Russian word musor, meaning "rubbish," as many have long wished to believe, in part because it makes such a good story — especially considering the brilliant alcoholic Russian composer's messy life and death.
		When he was finally persuaded to enter the hospital in early 1881, homeless and distraught, Mussorgsky bribed one of the orderlies to bring him a forbidden bottle of wine or cognac, which precipitated his death on March 28, just two weeks after the assassination of Tsar Alexander II.
		For Brown, the songs "are sufficient certainly to warrant Mussorgsky a place not only among the most original of all songwriters, but among the greatest," and help to compensate for the unfortunately small body of work that the composer left us.
	www.andante.com /article/article.cfm?id=19352 (1365 words)

	The Mighty Five - Musorgsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mussorgsky was then introduced to Balakirev, who was more than happy to meet the young man who had a tremendous talent on the Piano.
		Mussorgsky was born in 1839 in Karevo in Pskov.
		However, Mussorgsky had a number of health issues during his lifetime, and in 1858 he had a nervous crisis and was forced to resign his army commission.
	it.stlawu.edu /~rkreuzer/pbearse/mussorgsky.htm (548 words)

	Mussorgsky English
		odest Mussorgsky was born in Karevo on March 9 (21) 1839 and he died in Saint Petersburg on March 16 (28) 1881 Mussorgsky was educated privately and at a military academy in Saint Petersburg.
		odest Mussorgsky was one of the so-called "mighty five" composers that came together in St Petersburg in the 1860's to create music with a truly Russian voice which would speak in loud contrast to the European popular styles of the day.
		Mussorgsky composed it for piano, and it is a tour-de-force for any pianist.
	www.maurice-abravanel.com /mussorgsky_english.html (569 words)

	Classical musical midi, a good place to read a composers biography with a list classical midi files for download.
		Mussorgsky was the son of a landowner but had peasant blood, his father's grandmother having been a serf.
		Mussorgsky, having decided to devote himself to music, had quit the army three years earlier and since 1863 had been working as a civil servant in the Ministry of Communications.
		Mussorgsky's importance and influence on later composers are quite out of proportion to his relatively small output.
	www.classicalmidi.co.uk /modest.htm (1550 words)

	Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		At the age of 19, an ardent idealist, Mussorgsky resigned his commission for a life of "meaningful endeavor"--music.
		Mussorgsky was already writing Khovanshchina, another historical opera, and soon started the lighthearted Fair at Sorochinsk.
		Mussorgsky's music is distinctly Russian, yet it rarely relies directly on folk-song quotation.
	russia-in-us.com /Music/Opera/mussorgsky.html (404 words)

	Mussorgsky/Ravel: Pictures at an Exhibition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		One of Modest Mussorgsky's closest companions was Victor Hartmann, an architect and occasional painter.
		Mussorgsky was devastated by Hartmann's untimely death at age 39.
		However, Mussorgsky's collection has a little-known secret: of the ten pictures illustrated, only three actually appeared in the exhibition that he attended: The Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks (from a costume design), Baba Yaga's Hut, and The Great Gate of Kiev (from a design that was never built).
	fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu /geoff/prognotes/mussorgsky/pictures.html (476 words)

	MUSSORGSKY Pictures at an Exhibition BMG CLASSICS 82876 59423 2 [PG]: Classical CD Reviews- August 2004 MusicWeb(UK) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Thus it is often the case that, when selecting recordings of Mussorgsky’s work, it is important to know who orchestrated the work as each individual piece can sound quite different.
		The work was written for one of Mussorgsky’s closets friends, Victor Hartmann, an architect and painter who died suddenly at the age of 39.
		In 1874 an exhibition was organized to honor Hartmann, and Mussorgsky wrote the piano suite to sonically describe ten of Hartmann’s images, as well as the "Promenade" theme which takes the "viewer" from one "picture" to the next.
	www.musicweb-international.com /classrev/2004/Aug04/Mussorgsky_BMG.htm (886 words)

	Los Angeles Philharmonic Association - Piece Detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mussorgsky himself left a summary of the events depicted in his music: “Subterranean din of supernatural voices.
		But Rimsky, for all his virtues, was not Mussorgsky, and his version is not so much a re-orchestration as it is a re-composition (one unsympathetic critic has called it a “bowdlerization”).
		Mussorgsky’s “Original” Version (1867) After the familiar Rimsky version, Mussorgsky’s own music arrives like a snarling, tawny beast—there is something wild about this music, and that wildness is the source of both its strength and (for Rimsky) its weakness.
	www.laphil.org /resources/piece_detail.cfm?id=645 (801 words)

	Russian Music, Mussorgsky
		But Mussorgsky the composer displays his nostalgia for "old" Russia by giving more grandiose music to the people and to Prince Ivan Khovansky, the Streltsy leader, than he does to the reformists.
		Mussorgsky, who died in 1881 at 42, left only a vocal line and a piano score for most of the opera.
		Mussorgsky's personal sympathy for the downtrodden Russian populace leads him to compose sweeping laments for the chorus, which are highly evocative of Russian Orthodox Church hymns.
	www.cdi.org /russia/Johnson/5607-10.cfm (938 words)

	Images for Pictures at an Exhibition
		In 1874 Modest Mussorgsky composed his famous Pictures at an Exhibition, based on ten drawings and watercolors produced by his recently deceased friend, the architect and artist Victor Hartmann.
		This is the sketch that inspired Mussorgsky's Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks.
		Mussorgsky based the tenth movement of his suite on two pencil drawings in his own collection.
	www.stmoroky.com /reviews/gallery/pictures/hartmann.htm (1103 words)

	Berlioz & Mussorgsky - Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The piece by Mussorgsky that we are going to listen to tells a very different story than the Berlioz piece.
		Mussorgsky had visited a gallery where they were showing paintings of a Russian artist.
		Mussorgsky got the clever idea of turning the whole experience into a composition.
	www.under.org /apprec/Lesson_27/lesson_27c.htm (208 words)

	Mussorgsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		he death in 1873 of Mussorgsky's friend Victor Hartmann was the stimulus for the initial creation of what was to become one of the most vividly colourful works in the orchestral repertoire.
		Mussorgsky was immediately inspired to compose a personal survey of favourites among the displayed exhibits and had the ingenious idea of linking the musical vignettes with a Promenade theme, representing his own involvement.
		When Mussorgsky died in 1881 he left much music either unfinished or in a format which seemed to contemporary ears to have a primitive starkness.
	www.pluto.no /OFO/CD/Mussorgsky_Pictures.html (791 words)

	Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky Biography / Biography of Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky Biography Biography
		Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839-1881) is generally acclaimed the finest of the group of Russian composers known as the Mighty Five.
		Without Modest Mussorgsky the notion of the Russian 19th century as one of musical realism would be unsupportable.
		Mussorgsky was born on March 9, 1839, in the village of Karevo in the Pskov district.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-modest-petrovich-mussorgsky/index.html (249 words)

	Directory - Arts: Music: Composition: Composers: M: Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich
		Mussorgsky: Piano Works, Including Pictures at an Exhibition · cached · A personal review of some recordings.
		Pictures at an Exhibition by Modest Mussorgsky · iweb · cached · Explanation of the interaction between the music and the Hartman paintings.
		Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839-1881) · cached · Brief biographical sketch, caricature, summaries of operas, piano works, and vocal music, and Naxos discography.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=129844 (261 words)

	Classical Notes - Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition, Classical Classics, Peter Gutmann
		Yet, his soul was far less complacent than one would expect from a life-long bureaucrat - he lived in a commune and the radical ideology he absorbed there infused his music, as he devoted himself to seeking truth in art by crafting a natural style without classical artifice.
		Even the subject of the towering finale that so fired Mussorgsky's imagination to depict a triumphant procession passing through a mammoth gate to honor the czar is but a brick archway decorated with wrought iron, tiles and stained glass, with a few well-dressed people loitering by and a horse-drawn cart about to enter.
		Alcoholism and severe depression not only cut short Mussorgsky's life but plagued his most creative years and prevented him from advocating his work, which succumbed to the dismissive attitude of the cultural gatekeepers.
	www.classicalnotes.net /classics/pix.html (1575 words)

	Modest Mussorgsky @ Soundbug
		He was a member of The Five, the group of composers under the leadership of Mily Balakirev dedicated to producing a distinctly Russian kind of music.
		Mussorgsky is best remembered today for his orchestral work St. John's Night on the Bare Mountain (commonly known as Night on Bald Mountain and popularized particularly by its appearance in Disney's Fantasia), and his cycle of piano pieces, Pictures at an Exhibition, written in commemoration of his friend, the architect Viktor Hartmann.
		Mussorgsky died on March 28, 1881 and was interred in Tikhvin Cemetery at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery, in St. Petersburg, Russia.
	www.soundbug.com /artist/1756 (224 words)

	Mussorgsky - Pictures at an Exhibition [SA]: Classical CD Reviews- April 2003 MusicWeb(UK) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As a young army officer, Mussorgsky had ambitions to become a musician and, though completely untrained, tried his hand at various compositions, eventually falling under the influence of Balakirev, and later, the hugely influential polymath, Vladimir Stasov, who was to become Mussorgsky’s first biographer.
		Mussorgsky’s friends looked upon him as someone with genuine talent and almost revolutionary originality, but also as something of a bungler who couldn’t organise himself to bring all his innovative ideas to fruition.
		Mussorgsky wrote "Pictures at an Exhibition" as a set of piano pieces to describe the works of his artist friend Viktor Hartman who had recently died.
	www.musicweb-international.com /classrev/2003/May03/muss_arloff.htm (1191 words)

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