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	Mustafa III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mustafa III (January 28, 1717 – January 21, 1774) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774.
		He was a son of sultan Ahmed III and was succeeded by his brother Abd-ul-Hamid I in 1774.
		Mustafa did secure the services of foreign generals to initiate a reform of the infantry and artillery.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mustafa_III (206 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com
		Mustafa IV Mustafa IV, 1778-1808, Ottoman sultan (1807-8), son of Abd al-Hamid I. He was raised to the throne by the reactionary Janissaries who had deposed Mustafa's cousin, Selim III, because they opposed his attempted reforms.
		Mustafa III Mustafa III, 1717-73, Ottoman sultan (1757-73), son of Ahmed III.
		Mustafa I Mustafa Imoostäfä´, 1591-1639?, Ottoman sultan (1617-18, 1622-23), brother and successor of Ahmed I to the throne of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
	www.encyclopedia.com /search.asp?target=@DOCTITLE+Mustafa (279 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ottoman sultan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa I Mustafa I (1592 – January 20, 1639) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1617 to 1618 and from 1622 to 1623.
		Sultan Ahmed III Ahmed III (December 30, 1637 – 1736) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of sultan Mehmed IV.
		Sultan Mustafa IV Mustafa IV (September 8, 1779 – November 15, 1808) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1807 to 1808.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ottoman-sultan (8192 words)

	Selim III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Selim III (December 24, 1761 – July 28/29, 1808) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1789–1807).
		He was a son of Mustafa III and succeeded his uncle Abd-ul-Hamid I.
		The pasha of Rustchuk, Mustafa Bayrakdar, a strong partisan of the reforms, collected an army of 40,000 men and marched on Constantinople with the purpose of reinstating Selim.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Selim_III (500 words)

	Mustafa II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Sultan Mustafa II Mustafa II (February 6, 1664 – December 28, 1703) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1695 to 1703.
		Mustafa sought to turn back the Austrian advance into his Empire and in 1697 took the field in person to reconquer Hungary.
		By the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz, Mustafa ceded Hungary and Transylvania to Austria, Morea to the Venetian Republic and withdrew Turkish forces from Polish Podolia.
	mustafa-ii.ask.dyndns.dk (145 words)

	Mustafa III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa III (January 28, 1717 - January 21, 1774) wasthe sultan of the Ottomanempire from 1757 to 1774.
		Mustafa didsecure the services of foreign generals to initiate a reform of the infantry and artillery.
		Well aware of his own military weakness, Mustafa assiduously avoidedwar and was powerless to prevent Catherine the Great 'sannexation of the Crimea.
	www.therfcc.org /mustafa-iii-52195.html (120 words)

	Mustafa III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		He was a son of sultan Ahmed III and was succeeded by his brother I in 1774.
		Unfortunately the state had declined so far that any attempts at modernisation were but a drop the ocean whilst any major plans to the administrative status quo immediately roused the Janissaries and imams to the point of rebellion.
		Mustafa secure the services of foreign generals to a reform of the infantry and artillery.
	www.freeglossary.com /Mustafa_III (569 words)

	tarih2-3
		Kara Mustafa bumbled the coordination of Ottoman defenses in the area and he was forced to relinquish control of the Ukrainian territories to the Russians in 1681.
		The new sultan, Mustafa II (Mehmed IV's son), was caught completely off guard and the poorly defended port of Azov fell to the Russians with little resistance.
		Shortly thereafter, Mustafa III died and his younger brother was crowned Sultan Abdulhamid I.
	www.stfrancis.edu /hi/tarih2-3.htm (2658 words)

	MUSTAFA III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa III (1717-1774), de 26e Sultan van het Osmaanse Rijk, volgde in 1757 zijn neef Osman III op.
		Mustafa III, de zoon van Ahmet III, voerde een oorlog met de Russen, waardoor zijn vloot vernietigd werd en de Krim van hem afgepakt werd.
		Hij was één van de eerste niet-Europese vorsten, die Europese officieren aantrok om het leger te moderniseren.
	www.thumpershollow.com /encyclopedia/M/Mustafa_III (90 words)

	Mustafa III on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		1717-73, Ottoman sultan (1757-73), son of Ahmed III.
		He succeeded his cousin Osman III to the throne of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
		The chief event of his reign was the war of 1768-74 with Russia (see Russo-Turkish Wars), which ended disastrously for Turkey (see Kuchuk Kainarji, Treaty of).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/Mustafa3.asp (451 words)

	artan abstract and paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa himself was a product of the Palace School, and after serving as the agha of the Privy Chamber, became the ser destarî (chief turban keeper) and personal companion of the sultan in 1663-4.
		Mustafa Pa?a had three sons from his previous marriage(s), in addition to which the couple are recorded, over eleven years, as bringing forth four sons of their own.
		Since the death of Mehmed III in 1603, the Ottoman rule of succession had been moving from the winner-takes-all game of the 15th and 16th centuries not into primogeniture but into seniority, and rulership was being handed over "horizontally" among siblings, reverting only when these were exhausted to a "vertical" father-to-son pattern.
	socrates.berkeley.edu /~mescha/famabstracts/artan.html (7907 words)

	Kerajaan Ottoman - Wikipedia
		Pendudukan Inggris di kawasan ini juga dimanfaatkan untuk mendongkrak popularitas Mustafa Kemal Pasha-yang sengaja dimunculkan sebagai pahlawan pada Perang Ana Forta (1915 M).
		Situasi ini dimanfaatkan Mustafa Kemal Pasha untuk membentuk Dewan Perwakilan Nasional - dan ia menobatkan diri sebagai ketuanya - sehingga ada 2 pemerintahan; pemerintahan khilafah di Istambul dan pemerintahan Dewan Perwakilan Nasional di Ankara.
		Setelah suasananya kondusif, Mustafa Kemal Pasha mengadakan sidang Dewan Perwakilan Nasional, dengan konsep keputusan telah di tangan.
	id.wikipedia.org /wiki/Turki_Usmani (2905 words)

	Mustafa IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa IV (September 8 1779 - November 15 1808) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1807 to 1808.
		His father was Abd-ul-Hamid I. During reign of the reformist Selim III Mustafa was looked upon favorably by sultan.
		Mustafa was put to death in the year.
	www.freeglossary.com /Mustafa_IV (623 words)

	Abd al-Hamid I
		Mustafa III - Mustafa III, 1717–73, Ottoman sultan (1757–73), son of Ahmed III.
		Mustafa IV - Mustafa IV, 1778–1808, Ottoman sultan (1807–8), son of Abd al-Hamid I. He was raised to...
		Selim III - Selim III, 1761–1808, Ottoman sultan (1789–1807), nephew and successor of Abd al-Hamid...
	www.factmonster.com /cgi-bin/id/A0802076 (182 words)

	Hotels in Turkey \| Hotels in Istanbul \| Blue Voyage Yachting and Cabin Charters \| Ottoman Period
		When Sultan Mehmed III died in 1603, he was buried in a monument-tomb built by Dalgiç Ahmet Aga at the St. Sophia Church in 1608 and his son Ahmed I (1603-1617) became the sultan.
		Mahmud I, who was throned after Ahmed III in 1730 had Architect Mehmet Aga built a fountain in Tophane in 1732 and the foundation of Nuruosmaniye Mosque was laid in 1748, but upon his death it was completed by Osman III.
		Following Osman III, Mustafa III took over and later Abdülhamid I. Following his death, Sultan Selim III, who known for his love of art, was throned in 1789.
	www.exploreturkey.com /exptur.phtml?id=31 (2191 words)

	Travel Guide To Turkey, Travel, turkey, GUIDE MARTINE,Turkey, Guide, Guide Martine, istanbul, Martine, turkey photos, ...
		Under Ahmet III, after a period of lull corresponding to the artistic Tulip Period (Lale Devri 1718-1730), war, raging again, brought victories to the enemies of the Empire.
		First attempts towards modernization were made, from the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century, by enlightened sultans such as Selim III (1789-1807) who opened new military schools and reorganized the military with the help of French instructors, but failed to replace the Janissaries who overthrew him.
		The deposition by Selim III of the pro-Russian governors of Moldovia and Walachia led to the Russo-Turkish War of 1806–1812.
	www.guide-martine.com /history7.asp (5169 words)

	Surname-i Vehbi: 169b-170a (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In the center of (170a) Prince Mehmed and Prince Mustafa appear both dressed in green kaftans with gold frogs.
		Mustafa was born (of a different mother) on 28 January 1717, less than a month after Mehmed.
		An active sultan and something of a reformer, his aspirations to revitalize the empire were thwarted by reactionary opposition and by a lack of material resources.
	www.geocities.com /surnamei_vehbi/169b-170a.html (211 words)

	OTTOMAN WEB SITE - 700th Anniversary of the OTTOMAN EMPIRE
		Sultan Selim III was born in Istanbul, on 24
		His father Sultan Mustafa III was very influenced by the oracles and as they told his son Selim will a world-conqueror he organised a feast lasted seven days with great joy.
		Sultan Selim III was very fond of literature and calligraphy; many of his works were put on the walls of mosques and convents.
	www.osmanli700.gen.tr /english/sultans/28biography.html (285 words)

	Mustafa IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa IV (1779 - 1808) de 29e Sultan van het Osmaanse Rijk volgde in 1807 zijn neef Selim III op.
		Mustafa IV was de zoon van Abdülhamit I.
		Enkele na de moord op Selim III werd hij afgezet door zijn broer Mahmut II die hem meteen liet vermoorden.
	nl.freeglossary.com /Mustafa_IV (73 words)

	Selim, III Biography / Biography of Selim, III Biography Biography
		Selim III (1761-1808), the twenty-eighth Ottoman sultan, was a late-18th-century reformer who sought to end the stagnation and decay weakening the empire.
		Born on Dec. 24, 1761, Selim was the son of Mustafa III and successor to his uncle Abdul Hamid I, who died April 7, 1789.
		Mustafa gained nothing, however; he was replaced by Mahmud II.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-selim-iii/index.html (824 words)

	Mustafa
		Mustafa suffered several routs during his retreat through Hungary and, having reached Belgrade, was ordered to commit suicide by the sultan.
		Mustafa I - Mustafa I, 1591–1639?, Ottoman sultan (1617–18, 1622–23), brother and successor...
		Mustafa II - Mustafa II, 1664–1703, Ottoman sultan (1695–1703), nephew and successor of Ahmed II.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0834595.html (267 words)

	Abdul Hamid I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		He was a son of sultan Ahmed III and succeeded his brother Mustafa III on January 21, 1774.
		Abdul Hamid spent the first forty-three years of his life imprisoned by his older brother, Mustafa.
		The social isolation he experienced, while he was imprisoned, made it extremely easy for his advisors to manipulate him.
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Abd-ul-Hamid_I (522 words)

	Articles - Mustafa IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafa IV (September 8, 1779 â“ November 15, 1808) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1807 to 1808.
		During the reign of the reformist Selim III, Mustafa was looked upon favorably by the sultan.
		Mustafa was put to death later in the year.
	www.lastring.com /articles/Mustafa_IV (221 words)

	OTTOMAN WEB SITE - 700th Anniversary of the OTTOMAN EMPIRE
		Sultan Ahmed III was born on the 30
		Sultan Ahmed is brother of Sultan Mustafa II.
		Abdulhamid I, Mustafa III, Sulryman, Bayezid, Mehmed, Ibrahim, Numan, Selim, Ali, Isa, Murad, Seyfeddin, Abdulmecid, Abdulmelik.
	www.osmanli700.gen.tr /english/sultans/23biography.html (227 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Ottoman Sultans
		In that year the Ottoman Empire was formally abolished; in the following year the Republic of Turkey was created.
		Muhammad IV Süleyman II Ahmed II Mustafa II Ahmed III
		Muhammad VI 1) Murad II abdicated in favor of his son Muhammad II, but returned to the throne to defeat a threat by a European army.
	encarta.msn.com /media_701500809/Ottoman_Sultans.html (88 words)

	mustafaIII.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Mustafá sustituyó a Osmán III conservando al Gran Visir Raghib Pasha, siendo el responsable de diversas reformas, desafortunadamente murió en 1763, haciéndose cargo del gobierno el propio Mustafá III.
		Mustafá III era un hombre muy instruido y religioso, estaba interesado en la astrología, fue un gran poeta, también investigó la historia de los otomanos y del Islam.
		Mustafá III fue asesinado en 1774 siendo sustituido por su hermano más joven Abdulhamid I.
	www.galeon.com /otomanos/mustafaIII.htm (204 words)

	ABDüLHAMIT I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Abdül-Hamid I (1725-1789), de 27e Sultan van het Osmaanse Rijk, volgde in 1774 zijn broer Mustafa III op en zette zijn politiek tegen Rusland voort.
		De inwendige ontbinding van het rijk met zijn vrijwel onafhankelijke stadhouders maakte onder deze sultan verdere voortgang.
		Abdül-Hamid I werd opgevolgd door zijn neef Selim III.
	www.thumpershollow.com /encyclopedia/A/Abd%FClhamit_I (68 words)

	GOLD COINS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND TURKISH REPUBLIC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The weight and devices of the sultani remained essentially unchanged for more than two centuries until the reign of Mustafa II, when the tughra or imperial monogram was added.
		With the reign of Mustafa III, the practice was introduced of indicating both the sultan's accession date and the year of his reign.
		In the fourth year of Abdülmecid's reign, all the different types of gold coins then in circulation in the empire were abolished and replaced with a standardized system of "Mecidiye" coinage consisting of coins worth 500, 250, 100, 50, and 25 kurush each.
	www.sadberkhanimmuzesi.org.tr /english/sanat/altinlar.htm (171 words)

	Proiecte Nationale
		Pendant les règnes des sultans Mustafa III et Selim III, sur les monnaies frappées à Istanbul (Kostantiniye) le nom de la ville est remplacé par Islâmbol.
		Dix paras frappés pour Mustafa III portent l’année de la frappe tandis que pour le reste des 14 on ne peut pas préciser, à cause de l’usure, si on a frappe l’année ou bien le sigle.
		Pendant le règne de Selim III le système de numérotage des années du règne est courant.
	www.cimec.ro /Numismatica/E_Bibliografie/UnTresor.htm (2812 words)

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