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Topic: Mutually intelligible languages

Related Topics

Tone (linguistics)

Aromanian language

Languages in the United Kingdom

Languedocian

Dialect continuum

Stress (linguistics)

Occitan

Romance languages

Gascon language

Breton language

Standard Swedish

Lowland Scots

Yiddish language

Welsh

List of languages by total speakers

	Mutually intelligible languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mutual intelligibility can be asymmetric between the languages, with speakers of one understanding more of the other than speakers of the other understand of the first.
		Languages mutually intelligible but not genetically related may be creoles and parent languages, or geographically adjacent variants of two unrelated languages.
		Slavic languages written in Cyrillic alphabet are intelligible to a medium degree.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mutually_intelligible_languages (1478 words)

	Hindustani language:
		Urdu is the national language of Pakistan and the official language of the state of Jammu and Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh, as well as an officially recognized regional language in India.
		The term became transferred to the court language of the Mughal aristocracy, whose dialect was based on the upper-class dialect of Delhi.
		Standard Hindi, the official language of India, is based on the Khariboli dialect of the Delhi region and differs from Urdu in that it is usually written in the indigenous Devanagari script of India and it is much less Persianized than Urdu.
	wikipedia.openfun.org /wiki/Hindustani_language (1149 words)

	ASCAC - BILINGUALISM & THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHILD
		As stated earlier, when this type of mutual intelligibility occurs it is a function of bilingualism a That is, it could well be the case that one is or both of the speakers are using a second language.
		It should also be made clear here that, just as mutual intelligibility is evidence of a language in common, but not evidence that the mother tongue of two speakers in one and the same, mutual un-intelligibility is not evidence that the "native" language or mother tongue of two speakers is not the same.
		Languages are akin or genetically related that have a "common origin" and a systematic, rule governed and predictable patterning in their morphosyntax.
	www.ascac.org /papers/bilingualism.html (5869 words)

	Ethnologue report for Nepal
		The Khaling dialect of Bahing is distinct from the Khaling language.
		227,918 all Gurung languages in Nepal (1991 census).
		Dialects: 71% to 78% intelligibility of Nubri, 66% of Kyerung; 60% to 66% of Lhasa Tibetan; 22% to 25% of Northern Ghale, 22% of Southern Ghale, 23% to 27% of Kutang Ghale, 14% to 16% of Eastern Gorkha Tamang, 14% of Western Gurung, 15% of Banspur Tamang.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Nepal (4990 words)

	Native American Languages
		When such correspondences are discovered, the languages being compared are judged to have a historical connection, either genetic--because of descent from a common ancestor--or through language contact and the consequent "borrowing" of words.
		While most languages have accusative case systems like that of English (opposing grammatical categories of subject and object), active systems in which the same morpheme is used to indicate the object of a transitive verb and the subject of a stative verb are not uncommon.
		Alaskan languages and some as far south as California have Russian loans, for instance, dating from the time of extensive trade with Russia, and borrowings from Spanish are common throughout California, the Southwest, and, of course, Latin America.
	www.indians.org /welker/americas.htm (1965 words)

	HLW: Introduction: Dialects and Languages
		Mutual intelligibility is also not easy to measure, and it is often based on the impressions of speakers and hearers, how much they understand when they encounter members of the other group or how long it takes them to get accustomed to the speech of the other group.
		These "languages" are all related to one another, and speakers from some pairs of countries within these, for example, Sweden and Denmark, have little difficulty understanding one another, despite the obvious differences, especially in pronunciation.
		Thus on grounds of mutual intelligibility, we might consider Swedish and Danish to be dialects of a single language.
	www.indiana.edu /~hlw/Introduction/dialects.html (3345 words)

	Requests for new languages/China - Meta
		What make Chinese looks to be a single language is that Chinese languages are written in the same set of ideograms, although some characters can only be found in one or several language.
		The rest of the world consider Chinese as a collection of related languages, using the same criteria as in classifying the languages for the rest of the world: mutual intelligibility.
		Even if all the four languages are written using the same Han script, traditional or simplified, there may be more cognates, but the written scripts are still not mutually intelligible.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/China (2002 words)

	BBC Education - Languages
		Albanian, the country's official language, is spoken by almost 98% of the population of Albania.
		There are two main spoken dialects of Albanian, southern Tosk and northern Gheg, and they are mutually intelligible.
		Minority languages that make up the remaining 2% are Greek (around 60,000 speakers), Romani (the same number), and in lesser numbers, Bulgarian and Serb.
	www.bbc.co.uk /languages/european_languages/countries/albania.shtml (57 words)

	Linguistics
		Language is said to be lateralized and processed in the left hemisphere of the brain.
		A non-standard dialect is associated with covert prestige and is an ethnic or regional dialect of a language.
		The Dravidian languages of Tamil and Telugu are spoken in southeastern India and Sri Lanka.
	www.ielanguages.com /linguist.html (8142 words)

	RewesLet15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The island languages of the United Kingdom go one step further; they are not mutually intelligible even among themselves.
		You have to be a native to the language to speak Irish or Welsh, tongues extremely difficult even for the Irish and the Welsh.
		Another group of mutually intelligible languages is the Slavic linguistic family.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /rolfruhig/1OldRLs/rl14.html (2711 words)

	Luo/ Acholi/ Lango Language Page - Handbook of African Language Resources (ASC)(MSU) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Luo, Acholi, and Lango are three mutually intelligible languages of the Southern Luo group and the Western Nilotic branch of Eastern Sudanic.
		Luo is spoken in Kenya and Tanzania; Lango and Acholi are spoken in Uganda.
		Although technically these are mutually intelligible, three sets of language materials are suggested because of differing orthographic and political traditions.
	www.isp.msu.edu /AfrLang/Luo_root.html (224 words)

	Tenser, said the Tensor: March 7, 2005 - March 13, 2005 Archives
		However, selecting languages is very hard to do without biasing the sample—for example, in practice you're often limited to written sources, which restricts you to descriptive grammars written in a language you can read and that your library has a copy of.
		Name a group of non-mutually intelligible languages that are often called "dialects".
		Name a group of several mutually intelligible dialects that are often called "languages".
	tenser.typepad.com /tenser_said_the_tensor/2005/week10 (635 words)

	The Tribune - Magazine section - Saturday Extra - Roots
		For, between 1930 and 1947, Urdu was the language of education and administration and even those who learnt Hindi or Punjabi wrote in the Arabic-Persian script of Urdu.
		In a world that had approximately 6,000 languages to be proud of, present trends indicate that every two weeks, one language dies.
		A language is ‘dead’ when the people who use it are wiped out or it goes through a process of cultural assimilation once its users stop using it for various reasons.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2005/20050827/saturday/roots.htm (339 words)

	Norwegian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		NORSK, North Germanic language of the West Scandinavian branch, existing in two distinct and rival norms--Dano-Norwegian (Bokmål, or Riksmål) and New Norwegian (Nynorsk).
		New Norwegian was created by the language scholar Ivar Aasen during the mid-19th century, primarily from the dialects of the western rural districts, in order to carry on the tradition of Old Norse.
		Both of these mutually intelligible languages are used in government and education, and plans have been made to bring them closer together gradually into a common Norwegian language, Samnorsk, though resistance to these plans has been vigorous.
	www.flw.com /languages/Norweigan.htm (148 words)

	Eng 311 S G
		Because of cultural or political purposes, two mutually intelligible languages may be considered separate when used in different countries, such as is the case in Norway and Denmark, where the language are known as Danish and Norwegian.
		It meets the linguistic definition of a dialect, which is a language form that has been present for more than 200 years; it is mutually understood by a group of people, and it has a consistent morphological and syntactic structure.
		Research on the language of ex-slaves showed that some of the most prominent features of the modern dialect were not present inn the 19th century.
	buckhoff.topcities.com /English311studyguide.htm (7157 words)

	ipedia.com: Demographics of Pakistan Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		English is the official language, being widely used within the government, by the civil service and the officer ranks of the military.
		Numerous other languages are spoken by relatively small numbers of people, especially in some of the more remote and isolated places in, for example, the Northern Areas of Pakistan [1].
		Punjabi, Hindko and Seraiki, all mutually intelligible, are classified by linguists as dialects of Lahnda [1], also spelled as Lehnda.
	www.ipedia.com /demographics_of_pakistan.html (559 words)

	New Language On the Rise - Mark Hucko Slovio Project
		Mark Hucko is developing new written and a spoken language named Slovio which with no training or learning can be understood by over 400 million people on this planet.
		This particular new easy language is unlike other planned languages, is based on a limited number of widely spoken related natural languages what makes it instantly aplicable and understandible to all Slavic population.
		Because Slovio is based mainly on mutually intelligible Slavic languages, as soon as one learns Slovio it should be possible to communicate with over 400 million people around the world, in such countries as: Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia, Macedonia, Bosnia, Slovenia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldavia, Serbia, Montenegro, etc.
	challenge.visualessence.nl /C1339780254/E640601083 (223 words)

	are the Arabic languages mutually intelligible? \| Antimoon Forum
		The common everyday language of the street and of the home is not intelligible across the entire Arab world.
		Their native language differs from MSA in that the grammar is usually simpler and, more significantly, the vocabulary is also different.
		There is some mutual intelligibility in the dialectical forms, but someone from Morroco and someone from Syria would most likely choose to speak MSA to each other.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/2004/5664.htm (1085 words)

	Overview of the Czech Language to Help You Learn Czech
		The Czech language is spoken in the Czech Republic.
		Historians are not sure when the Slavic dialects became separate languages, but there are indications that Czech, Slovak, and Moravian were spoken as separate languages in the 8th century.
		Czechs are quite formal in their use of language, especially when addressing one another.
	www.transparent.com /languagepages/czech/overview.htm (541 words)

	Northern Europe - Wikitravel
		The culture of Scandinavian countries are very close and the languages mutually intelligible.
		The Finno-Ugric language of Finland is entirely unrelated with Scandinavian language, although most people in Finland also speak some Swedish, as the country is officially bilingual and all Finns learn Swedish in school.
		The language of Iceland is actually Old Norse (spoken in Scandinavia 1000 years ago and also closely related to Old English), other than a few words that are now spelled differently.
	wikitravel.org /en/Northern_Europe (318 words)

	Thai-Lao/Isan vs. Lao languages
		My wife is Isan, and as she describes it, Isan and Lao are mutually intelligible, but not identical.
		An Isann person was denied the right to use his or her language in classrooms in Siam/Thailand.
		It wasn't until she actually studied Lao language forms for a MA in Linguistics did she begin to feel some form of pride and satisfaction in the Lao language.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/54/230.html (973 words)

	Category:Languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This category deals with articles on human languages.
		This is different from programming languages or other types of formal languages.
		There are 30 subcategories shown below (more may be shown on subsequent pages).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Languages (96 words)

	4.6 THE WESTERN DESERT
		The Western Desert languages form a large family of languages that extends from Port Augusta in South Australia in the east, to the Kimberley and Port Hedland in the west.
		The former is a common term for 'strangers from the east' in the north-western desert languages, while the latter refers to 'strangers from the north'.
		Marsh (1990 p.c.), in a discussion of one such communilect at Jigalong, Martu Wangka, observes that it is a variant made up of two mutually intelligible languages, '"'not 'mixed-up', but drawing synonyms and linguistic variations from more than one source'"'.
	coombs.anu.edu.au /WWWVLPages/AborigPages/LANG/WA/4_6.htm (1557 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The archaeological ruins known as "Great Zimbabwe" have been radiocarbon dated to approximately 600 A.D. It is believed that the ancestors of modern day Shona built Great Zimbabwe and hundreds of other stone walled sites in Zimbabwe.
		It was not until the late 19th century that the peoples speaking several mutually intelligible languages were united under the Shona name.
		There are five main language clusters: Korekore, Zeseru, Manyika, Ndau, and Karanga.
	www.zambuko.com /mbirapage/resource_guide/pages/culture/shona_intro.html (435 words)

	Global Language Issues \| Quechua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Quechua has perhaps the largest number of speakers of any indigenous language of the Americas, being spoken by 10 million people in five South American countries (Ecuador, Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, and Colombia).
		Although it was not the ethnic language of the Inkas, it was used to administer the Inkan empire, making it a lingua franca, or bridge language, for people speaking many distinct and not mutually intelligible ethnic languages.
		His micro-linguistic focus will be on the very explicit grammatical system that Quechua has for indicating the speaker's validation of his or her message, for example, as being either hearsay (secondhand information) or based on firsthand knowledge.
	hum.lss.wisc.edu /~jrvalent/glolangiss/Quechua.htm (259 words)

	Scandinavia - Wikitravel
		The culture of these countries are very close and the languages mutually intelligible.
		The Finno-Ugric language of Finland is entirely unrelated with Scandinavian language, although most people in Finland also speak Swedish, as Finland formerly was part of the Swedish kingdom (until 1809).
		The language of Iceland is actually Old Norse (spoken in Scandinavia 1000 years ago and also related to Old English).
	wikitravel.org /en/Scandinavia (221 words)

	About Slovakia
		The majority of the population speak Slovak as their first language, but widespread fluency in Czech is a legacy of the period of federation.
		As members of the West Slavic language group, these closely related and mutually intelligible languages use the Roman rather than the Cyrillic alphabet.
		Slovak as a literary language dates to the 19th century.
	www.interpreta.sk /slovakia.html (338 words)

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