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Topic: Muzafer Sherif

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	sherif - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		In 1936 Turkish-American psychologist Muzafer Sherif conducted a study of how norms (rules of behavior) develop in small groups.
		Muzafer Sherif (born July 29, 1906, in Odemis, İzmir, Turkey – died October 16, 1988, in Fairbanks, Alaska) was one of the founders of social psychology
		Sherif" may refer to: A sherif, commonly known as Ashraf, is someone who is descended from Muhammad by way of his daughter Fatima.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /sherif.html (137 words)

	Muzafer Sherif
		Muzafer Sherif (born July 29, 1906 in Odemis, Izmir, Turkey - October 16, 1988 in Fairbanks, Alaska) was one of the founders of social psychology.
		In the 1954, Muzafer and Carolyn Sherif studied the origin of prejudice in social groups.
		Sherif died of a heart attack at the age of 82.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/m/mu/muzafer_sherif.html (190 words)

	Brainboost - Muzafer Sherif (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Muzafer Sherif`s light dot experiment, which measured to what extent a participant, when asked to solve a difficult problem, would compare - and adapt - his answer to that of his fellow participants (a kind of conformity called informational social influence);..
		A profile social psychologist Muzafer Sherif is presented along with an overview of his theory on Realistic Conflict Theory, a form of stereotyping..
		Http://muskingum.edu/~psychology/psycweb/history/sherif.htm - Muzafer Sherif is n van de grondleggers van de sociale psychologie: "The research of Sherif built a base for most of the understanding we have today about the nature of groups and its members..
	www.brainboost.com /search.asp?Q=Muzafer+Sherif&lfmq=1 (234 words)

	Carolyn Wood Sherif
		Sherif's interest in psychology was a result of this experience, the sudden attitude changes that she saw in others as a result of the war, and her own desire to make positive changes in the world.
		Sherif believed that although the children received outside care throughout their lives, the time that they spent with their mother and father probably exceeded the time spent by other mothers who were active in hobbies and almost all contemporary fathers (1983).
		Sherif believed that both the social science definition of social power which relates to the control of resources, and humans; and the social psychological definition of social power, which focuses on social persuasion were too narrow and too broad to adequately address gender identity as relates to social power alone (1982).
	www.webster.edu /~woolflm/carolynwoodsherif.htm (4075 words)

	Sherif (1936): Group Norms and Conformity \| in Chapter 15: Social \| from Psychology: An Introduction by Russ Dewey
		Muzafer Sherif conducted a classic study on conformity in 1936.
		Sherif put subjects in a dark room and told them to watch a pinpoint of light and report how far it moved.
		Sherif's experiment showed group norms are established through interaction of individuals and the leveling-off of extreme opinions.
	www.psywww.com /intropsych/ch15_social/sherif_1936_group_norms_and_conformity.html (416 words)

	Tarih, Felsefe ve Psikoloji
		Sherif goes on to describe the processes of in-group loyalty and out-group destructiveness that were to preoccupy him for many years, and then concluded, “at that early age, I decided to devote my life to studying and understanding the causes of these things.
		Sherif’s writings about his studies on inter-group conflict and co-operation were less explicitly embedded in the political and historical context in terms of theoretical construction and expressions (Billig, 1976; Cherry, 1995).
		Sherif remained a foreign national and there was concern about whether he would be allowed to stay in the country as such and whether he could sign a loyalty oath.
	www.geocities.com /tfpsikoloji/asliturk/01.htm (2990 words)

	Muzafer Sherif, 82, Psychologist Who Studied Hostility of Groups - New York Times
		Muzafer Sherif, a social psychologist who was the author of 17 books, died of a heart attack Oct. 16 at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital in Fairbanks, Alaska.
		Sherif was widely known for what Roger Brown, a social psychologist at Harvard University, calls ''the most successful field experiment ever conducted on intergroup conflict.'' In the experiment, Mr.
		Sherif was educated at the University of Instanbul, Harvard University and Columbia University, from which he received his Ph.D. in 1935.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE3DC1230F934A15753C1A96E948260 (434 words)

	Club dell'Aggiornamento
		Muzafer Sherif, "The psychology of slogans." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1937, 32, 450-461.
		Muzafer Sherif, "The necessity of considering current issues as part and parcel of persistent major problems." International Journal of Opinion and Attitude Research, 1948, 2, 63-68.
		Muzafer Sherif, Daniel Taub, and Carl I. Hovland, "Assimilation and contrast effects of anchoring stimuli on judgments." Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1958, 55, 150-155.
	www.psicopolis.com /arcipelago/clubsegnala48.htm (5295 words)

	Muzafer_Sherif - The Wordbook Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Muzafer Sherif (born July 29, 1906, in Odemis, ?zmir, Turkey - died October 16, 1988, in Fairbanks, Alaska) was one of the founders of social psychology.
		In 1954, Muzafer and Carolyn Sherif studied the origin of prejudice in social groups in a classic study called the Robbers Cave Experiment.
		Both frightening and hopeful, Muzafer Sherif's experimental findings expose how susceptible humans are to the hostile troop behavior observed in chimpanzees and other primates, and how easily in-groups can be formed.
	www.thewordbook.com /Muzafer_Sherif (955 words)

	Muzafer Sherif: Superordinate Goals in the Reduction of Intergroup Conflict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		It is summarized in Sherif and Sherif, op.
		The 1953 research is summarized in Muzafer Sherif, B. Jack White, and O. Harvey, "Status in Experimentally Produced Groups," American Journal of Sociology, LX (1955), 370-79.
		The 1954 experiment was summarized in Muzafer Sherif, O. Harvey, B. Jack White, William R. Hood, and Carolyn W. Sherif, "Experimental Study of Positive and Negative Intergroup Attitudes between Experimentally Produced Groups: Robbers Cave Study" (Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma, 1954).
	arnie.pec.brocku.ca /~lward/Sherif/Sherif_1958a.html (4235 words)

	Conformity
		Sherif switched out the participants and found that even after a whole change the group norm did not change.
		He disagreed with the conclusion made by Sherif that we are all mindlessly conforming to society.
		He contended that Sherif's experiment was ambiguous and that people would not go along with the social norm if it was obviously wrong.
	www.uark.edu /misc/lampinen/PSYC2003_SOCIALINFLUENCE.html (907 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Informational social influence was first documented in Muzafer Sherif's (1936) autokinetic experiment.
		Sherif suggested that this was a simulation for how social norms develop in a society, providing a common frame of reference for people.
		He conducted a modification of Sherif's study, assuming that when the situation was very clear, conformity would be drastically reduced.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Conformity_(psychology) (1033 words)

	Classics in the History of Psychology -- Sherif et al. (1954/1961) Chapter 1
		In line with the hypothesis, it was found that individuals tended to overestimate the performance of subjects with whom they had close positive ties and correspondingly to underestimate the future performance of those with whom they had an antagonistic relationship.
		Sherif, M. An experimental approach to the study of attitudes, Sociometry, 1937, 1, 90-98.
		Sherif, M. and Sherif, C. Groups in Harmony and Tension, New York: Harper, 1953, Chapters 9 and 10.
	psychclassics.yorku.ca /Sherif/chap1.htm (7932 words)

	Psychology History
		Muzafer Sherif, one of the founders of social psychology, stands out as one of the main forces behind its growth in the in the 30's (Baron, Byrne 1997).
		Sherif focused his studies mainly on understanding group processes and succeeded in making significant contributions to the field of social psychology.
		Sherif died on October 16, 1988 of a heart attack while in Fairbanks, Alaska at the age of 82 (Trosky, 1989; Harvey, 1989).
	www.muskingum.edu /~psych/psycweb/history/sherif.htm (1240 words)

	In-Group :: Out-Group
		Sherif's subjects were eleven-year-old boys who did not know each other before the experiment began.
		Sherif took the boys for an extended stay at a summer camp, where they soon began to form friendship cliques.
		Sherif's experiment shows clearly how loyalty contributes to the maintenance of group boundaries, how conflict between groups heightens these loyalties, and how in-group feelings lessen and disappear once the members of different groups unite in pursuit of common goals.
	web.missouri.edu /~hartmanj/rs150/inoutgroup.html (2621 words)

	Social Psychology - MSN Encarta
		The subjects in his laboratory observed a visual illusion: A fixed point of light in a darkened room appeared to move.
		Eventually, the subjects within each group converged on a common perception and adopted their group's emerging norm as their own (see the accompanying chart entitled “Formation of Social Norms”).
		Sherif’s pioneering experiment—one of the first to study a social phenomenon in the laboratory—showed that people often rely on the judgments of others when they find themselves in a state of uncertainty.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761551794_2/Social_Psychology.html (1767 words)

	Every Group Needs a Deviant
		For example, some thirty years ago social psychologist Muzafer Sherif conducted what has become a classic study of 10-year old boys at a summer camp.
		Sherif’s study dealt with a number of important group processes.
		And for it he recruited about 100 boys, all of whom were the “cream of the crop” back in their respective communities and elementary schools.
	www.love-shy.com /Gilmartin/Chapter03/deviant.html (690 words)

	W. A. Bousfield & Muzafer Sherif: Hunger as a Factor in Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		This document is reproduced with the permission of the Sherif estate and represents an official communication of The Mead Project.
		Citation: W. Bousfeld and Muzafer Sherif, "Hunger as a factor in learning." American Journal of Psychology, 1932, 44, 552-554.
		It is conventional to speak of the reflex as if it were a simple, point-to-point correlation between the stimulus and the response.
	spartan.ac.brocku.ca /~lward/Sherif/Sherif_1932.html (768 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions
		Muzafer Sherif's theory on Social Judgment tries to explain where people's attitudes originate.
		Sherif was only interested in studying attitudes, not opinions.
		Sherif's view of an attitude consists of three distinct "zones." The latitude of acceptance, any ideas or concepts you generally agree with, the latitude of rejection, any ideas or concepts you generally disagree with, and the latitude of noncommitment, any ideas or concepts you don't have opinions on.
	www.ryanbuck.com /Secondary/FAQS.htm (2286 words)

	Group (sociology) - Psychology Wiki - a Wikia wiki
		These are groups to which the individual does not have real membership, but to which he conceptually relates him/herself, and from which he might accept goals and values as a part of his/her self identity.
		Muzafer Sherif (1916-1982) was a founder of the discipline of social psychology.
		The two most common causes of a malfunctioning group are the addition of too many individuals, and the failure of the leader to enforce a common purpose, though malfunctions may occur due to a failure of any of the other elements (i.e., confusions status or of norms).
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Group_(sociology) (4292 words)

	ISPG: Women in Psychology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Carolyn Sherif’s research focused on the self-system, intergroup conflict and cooperation, and social judgment.
		Carolyn Sherif’s dedication to women’s professional concerns and the need for scientific interest in women’s status came to the forefront in the 1970s.
		She often recalled the importance of her participation in the first graduate seminar on the psychology of women at Penn State in 1972 as a factor in crystallizing her research and professional commitment to these concerns.
	psych.la.psu.edu /shields/home/WomenInPsyclgy.html (629 words)

	ESPN.com - E-Ticket: Hooping with the Enemy
		Muzafer Sherif coined the term "superordinate goals" to describe the process by which two competing groups develop goals that "are compelling but cannot be achieved by the efforts of one group alone."
		Sherif stumbled upon the idea while doing experiments with boys at a summer camp.
		Sherif noted a sharp decrease in name-calling and derogation of the out-group after the superordinate goal was achieved.
	sports.espn.go.com /espn/eticket/story?page=playingforpeacesider (1837 words)

	Social Judgement
		Sherif is a psycologist at the University of Oklahoma.
		Sherif says that if we are to understand a person's attitude structure, we need to locate each of these latitudes.
		Muzafer Sherif's social judgement theory can be recognized by every person, but it isn't something that every person is constantly thinking about.
	oak.cats.ohiou.edu /~kc502498/sj.htm (544 words)

	UPNE - The Robbers Cave Experiment: Muzafer Sherif
		MUZAFER SHERIF was professor emeritus of sociology at Penn. O.J. HARVEY is professor of psychology at the University of Colorado where he has taught since 1958.
		JACK WHITE was professor of psychology at the University of Utah.
		CAROLYN W. SHERIF was professor of psychology at Penn State.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~upne/0-8195-5103-1.html (424 words)

	Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism and Racism
		One of the major proponents of this approach was Muzafer Sherif.
		To demonstrate his point, Sherif arbitrarily divided children in a summer camp into two groups, asking each to choose a name.
		Sherif, O.J. Harvey, B.J. White, W.R. Hood and C.W. Sherif, Intergroup Conflict and Cooperation: The Robber's Cave Experiment (Norman, Okla, 1961).
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw97-8/nadler.html (2486 words)

	References
		Eiser, J. Richard, " Attitudinal Judgment: The To and Fro of Assimilation-Contrast," in Social Judgment and Intergroup Relations: Essays in Honor of Muzafer Sherif, 1992, pp.
		Granberg and Sarup, "Muzafer Sherif: Portrait of a Passionate Intellectual," in Social Judgment and Intergroup Relations: Essays in Honor of Muzafer Sherif, 1992, pp.
		Sherif and Sherif, "Attitude as the Individual's Own Categories: The Social Judgment-Involvement Approach to Attitude and Attitude Change," in Attitude, Ego Involvement, and Change, 1967, pp.105-139
	www.ciadvertising.org /sa/spring_04/adv382j/besho/references_copy(1).htm (134 words)

	persuasion
		Sherif did a study on early psychophysical research in which persons ere tested on their ability to judge physical stimuli.
		Sherif's research shows that people make judgments on the basis of anchors or reference points.
		We know from Sherif's work that individuals judge the favorability of a message based on their own internal ego-involvement.
	zimmer.csufresno.edu /~johnca/spch100/persuasion.htm (2927 words)

	Conformity
		In Sherif's experiment, several subjects were placed together in a room with a stationary light.
		The power of social norms was demonstrated even more strikingly when the subjects continued to adhere to the norm later when they were retested individually.
		Sherif's experiment demonstrates one of the important conditions that produces conformity: ambiguity.
	psychology.jrank.org /pages/142/Conformity.html (798 words)

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