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Topic: Mycenaean language


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In the News (Sat 28 Nov 09)

  
  Greek Language - MSN Encarta
It was the language of the poets Alcaeus and Sappho and of three of the idylls of Theocritus.
The language of the Homeric poems is the result of a literary tradition that seems to have begun in the Mycenaean, come down through Aeolic and Ionic, and been given final shape in Attic; the largest element in it is Ionic.
Koine was the language of the court and of literature and commerce throughout the Hellenistic empires.
uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552508/Greek_Language.html   (1688 words)

  
 d. The Late Helladic Period: The Mycenaean Age. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
Evidence of Mycenaean presence is found in the Cyclades, Rhodes, Sicily, and Italy, although where political control ended and trade began is unknown.
The prosperity of Mycenaean Greece was due largely to an expansion of trade: Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria, and the Hittite Empire were all ruled by wealthy palace-based governments, which fostered international exchange.
A number of factors probably brought Mycenaean culture to an end, but a major one was probably the movement of the Sea Peoples, which affected the Middle East at the same time (See c.
www.bartleby.com /67/171.html   (634 words)

  
  Greek language - Biocrawler   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
Two main forms of the language have been in use since the end of the medieval Greek period: Dhimotikí (Δημοτική), the Demotic (vernacular) language, and Katharévusa (Καθαρεύουσα), an imitation of classical Greek, which was used for literary, juridic, and scientific purposes during the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Greek is the official language of the Hellenic Republic (Greece) where it is spoken by about 98.5% of the population.
Languages of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Greek_language   (2199 words)

  
 Mycenaean civilization
The Mycenaean's loved fighting and hunting wild animals like the wild boar and the wolf; they painted the walls of their palaces with war scenes rather than beautiful ladies.
The Mycenaean were widely known in ancient times for their maritime command of the Mediterranean.
Their written language, preserved on numerous clay tablets appears to be a form of archaic Greek.
library.thinkquest.org /27423/mycenaean_civilization.htm   (475 words)

  
 Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Greek (language)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
The Proto-Greek language is the common ancestor of the Greek dialects, including the Mycenean language, the classical Greek dialects Attic-Ionic, Aeolic, Doric and North-Western Greek, and ultimately the Koine and Modern Greek.
The earliest Hellenic migrants entering the Greek peninsula roughly around 2000 BC spoke the predecessor of the Mycenaean language.
Pontic Greek is a Greek language which was originally spoken on the shores of the Black Sea, the Pontus.
www.hallencyclopedia.com /Greek_(language)   (1198 words)

  
 Greek language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
Mycenaean Greek: the language of the Mycenaean civilization.
Two main forms of the language have been in use since the end of the medieval Greek period: Dhimotikí (Δημοτική), the Demotic (vernacular) language, and Katharévusa (Καθαρεύουσα), an imitation of classical Greek, which was used for literary, juridic, administrative and scientific purposes during the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Due to the language's flexibility in forming compounds and derived words, the infinitive of verbs was gradually and successfully replaced by a periphrastic subjunctive and derived nouns.
www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Greek_language   (2213 words)

  
 Ancient Greek Language
After the fall of the Mycenaean civilization, there was a period of about five hundred years when writing was either not used, or nothing has survived to the present day.
Ionic, therefore, became the primary literary language of ancient Greece until the ascendancy of Athens in the late fifth century.
Attic Greek - a subdialect of Ionic, was for centuries the language of Athens.
www.crystalinks.com /greeklanguage.html   (302 words)

  
 Learn more about Philology in the online encyclopedia.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
Philology was one of the 19th century's first scientific approaches to human language but gave way to the modern science of linguistics in the early 20th century due to the influence of Ferdinand de Saussure, who argued that the spoken language should have primacy.
Philology's interest in ancient languages led to the study of what were in the 19th century "exotic" languages for the light they could cast on problems in understanding and deciphering the origins of older texts.
Michael Ventris deciphered Linear B in the 1950s and confirmed that the Mycenaean language was early Greek.
www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/ph/philology.html   (368 words)

  
 Mycenaean civilization
The Mycenaean period fell between the arrival of the Greeks in the Aegean around 1600 BC and the collapse of their Bronze Age civilization around 1100 BC.
Around 1400 BC the Mycenaeans extended their control to Crete, center of the Minoan civilization, and adopted a form the Minoan script called Linear A to write their early form of Greek.
Mycenaeans were buried in a sitting position, and some of the nobility underwent mummification.
www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/History/Mycenaean.html   (826 words)

  
 Mycenaean civilization. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
The great Mycenaean cities—Mycenae, Tiryns, Pylos, Thebes, Orchomenos—were noted for their heavy, complex fortifications and the massive, cyclopean quality of their masonry, while Minoan cities were totally unfortified.
Mycenaean palaces were built around great halls called megara rather than around an open space as in Crete.
Their written language, preserved on numerous clay tablets from Pylos, Mycenae, and Knossos, appears to be a form of archaic Greek linguistically related to ancient Cypriot.
www.bartleby.com /65/my/Mycenaea.html   (466 words)

  
 Greek Language - MSN Encarta
The Doric dialect, originally spoken in northern Greece, largely supplanted the Arcado-Cyprian dialect in the Pelopónnisos and came to be spoken also in the southern Cyclades (Kikládhes), on the island of Crete, and in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor, Sicily, and Italy.
Aeolic was spoken principally in the districts of Aeolis, Thessaly (Thessalia), and Boeotia.
Throughout the Byzantine period and the years of Ottoman domination, the Greek literary language remained largely static; the main literature produced was hagiography, theological works, and religious poetry.
encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552508/Greek_Language.html   (1735 words)

  
 Craig Welch: Phaistos disk
This was the high point of Mycenaean civilization which was somewhat short lived with wholesale destruction of their city fortresses around 1200 b.c., part of a larger social upheaval and destruction throughout the Aegean, Anatolia and Palestine.
A resident people from the Caucassus, the Mycenaeans (so named after their chief citidel) speak a language which we later know from their records in Linear B. Linear B itself is an adaptation of an earlier syllabic script in use at the time of the Minoan overlords and found in their cities.
The Mycenaean language deciphered from Linear B by Michael Ventris and John Chadwick is a Greek dialect with traces of the Aeolic and Arcadian dialects and apparently precedes the traditional arrival of the Dorians.
www-personal.umich.edu /~artsfx/notes2.html   (1633 words)

  
 [No title]
Mycenaean civilization was past its zenith by the middle of the 13th century.
In addition to confirming that the language spoken by Mycenaeans was Greek, the Linear B tablets also provide valuable evidence about the character of the economy, the names of towns under the control of a palace, the names of gods, and the character of the administrative and political structure.
The Greeks themselves connected the destruction of Mycenaean centers with an invasion of the Dorians (a new wave of Greek immigrants.) In Greek legends, the Dorians are described as the descendants of Heracles; thus the "invasion" is referred to as the Return of the Heraclidae.
campus.lakeforest.edu /academics/greece/BrzMyc.html   (6690 words)

  
 Minoan civilization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A short time after the LMIB/LMII catastrophe, around 1420 BC, the island was conquered by the Mycenaeans, who adapted Linear B Minoan script for their Mycenaean language, a form of Greek.
Sometimes the Minoan language is referred to as Eteocretan, although this presents confusion between the language written in Linear A scripts and the language written in a Euboean-derived alphabet only after the Greek Dark Ages.
While the Eteocretan language is often suspected to be a descendant of the Minoan language, there is nothing substantial yet to prove this theory.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Minoan_civilization   (4819 words)

  
 History of the Greek Language
The history of the Greek Language begins, as far as the surviving texts are concerned, with the Mycenaean civilization at least as early as the thirteenth century BCE.
In the late ninth to early eighth century BCE ascript based on the Phoenician syllabary was introduced, with unneeded consonant symbols being reused to represent the Greek vowels.
Even today the language question still presents problems, yet the continuing growth of educational institutions as well as journalism and the broadcast media have begun to affect a solution.
greek-language.com /historyofgreek   (847 words)

  
 Top 20 Encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
Mycenaean civilization was dominated by a warrior aristocracy.
Around 1400 BC the Mycenaeans extended their control to Crete, center of the Minoan civilization, and adopted a form the Minoan script called Linear A to write their early form of Greek.
Mycenaeans were buried in a sitting position, and some of the nobility underwent mummification.
encyc.connectonline.com /index.php/History_of_Greece   (5551 words)

  
 Greek
The earliest written evidence of Greek is found in Mycenaean Greek documents found on Crete and later on the Greek mainland which were written in the Linear B syllabary.
Mycenaean Greek, was the language of the Mycenaean civilization (16th century BC onward).
Greek is considered to be a Category II language in terms of difficulty for speakers of English.
www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/february/greek.html   (1163 words)

  
 The Mycenaeans
The excavation of exceptionally wealthy graves, and the size and spacing of palace foundations, indicates that the Mycenaeans formed an elite and a chieftan-level society (one organized around the judicial and executive authority of a single figure, with varying degrees of power) by the late Bronze Age (ca.
Mycenaean palatial society was at its zenith in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries B.C. At some point in the middle of the fourteenth century, Mycenaeans, whose society stressed military excellence, conquered Knossos and the rest of Crete.
Nevertheless, the Mycenaeans seemingly were able to avoid entanglement in the conflicts of the superpowers of the eastern Mediterranean, such as the Hittites and the Egyptians.
www.gogreece.com /learn/history/mycenaeans.html   (403 words)

  
 The Greek Language As Historical Tradition
There is a break in the evolution of the language from the 12th to the 8th century BC because the Mycenaean civilization was destroyed by the Dorian invasions.
Byzantine Greek was the official language of the Byzantine Empire and is considered to be an early version of the Modern Greek language.
After the Hellenes gained their independence from the Ottoman Turks, the intellectuals felt that the original language had evolved and was no longer true ort pure.
www.helleniccomserve.com /alexandrougreeklanghistory.html   (1248 words)

  
 Mycenaean language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
The most ancient form of the Greek language was that used in Mycenae and on Crete in the 16-11 centuries BC, until the Doric invasion.
The only source of its studies is the Linear B script invented on Crete in the 14th century BC, and later spread to the continental Greece.
In the beginning of this century Ventris and Chadwick managed to decipher the syllabic alphabet, and stated that it was used by Hellenic speakers.
members.tripod.com /~babaev/tree/mycena.html   (177 words)

  
 GREEK, Ancient
Number of Speakers: In Mycenaean times, the number of speakers of Greek, by modern standards, was probably somewhat small, though no doubt numbering in the several tens of thousands.
In the Classical period, the numbers were considerably higher; Athens, the largest city at the time, for instance, had a population of some 60,000 adult males at the height of its power and influence in the 5th and 4th centuries BC, suggesting a total population at a given moment of at least 300,000.
What might be (somewhat artificially) characterized as a standard form of the Koine was the language used for the Septuagint and the Greek New Testament, and as the medium for a vast array of literary, philosophical, religious, historical, and scientific documents from the Hellenistic period.
www.ling.ohio-state.edu /~bjoseph/articles/gancient.htm   (4337 words)

  
 Language Log: Conservapedia
The Egyptian language is a member of the Afro-Asiatic family of languages and is related to Berber and Semitic.
The picture-based language was not as easy to use as the alphabet-based Phoenician language later adopted by the Greeks and Romans.
Although Egyptian is one of the oldest languages, it is certainly not obsolete.
itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/004258.html   (949 words)

  
 4: The Mycenaean Palaces   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
It is clearly visible from the palace and seems to have fulfilled the same function in relation to the late Mycenaean rulers of Pylos that the shaft graves incorporated within the circuit wall fulfilled in relation to the late rulers of Mycenae.
This is evident from the fact that the tholos continued in use from the early Mycenaean period almost to its end, and from the fact that it lay on a direct alignment through a monumental gate in the fortification wall to an older entrance into the palace structure itself.
Termed by some a Mycenaean "koine," an area of shared culture, by others a Mycenaean "empire," it is clear that the Mycenaeans had supplanted the Minoans as the major power in the Aegean region.
classics.uc.edu /prmainland/Lectures/JohnBennet/mycpal04.html   (814 words)

  
 The Linear B Tablets and Mycenaean Organization
In a number of cases where words are unintelligible, their lack of "meaning" is explained by the decipherers as being due to the fact that the word in question is a proper name, either of a person or of a place.
The skeptics argue that this is a further instance of the decipherers' refusal to admit that Linear B is in fact not Greek at all.
Slaves of a divinity are the most common form at Pylos, but it is possible that a "god's slave" had a status quite different from that of other slaves, since s/he could have leases on land and appears to have lived in much the same fashion as ordinary free persons.
projectsx.dartmouth.edu /history/bronze_age/lessons/les/25.html   (2791 words)

  
 Ancient Greek History   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
This era is referred to as the Hellenistic Period because the citizens' knowledge of the language and culture was growing.
It is believed that the attack was due to the Mycenaeans desire to have control over the Mediterranean trade routes that the Minoans had access to.
The Mycenaeans are often referred to as the "earliest Greeks" because they are known as the first to speak the Greek language.
www.personal.psu.edu /crm5047/assignment_7/sar_history.html   (1642 words)

  
 Indo-European Chronology: the 2nd period
Mycenaean language was an archaic form of Greek.
The Luwian language spread in southern and south-western regions of the Hittite Empire.
In the described period the political and cultural center of the Kingdom was gradually moving to the south, and that explains the increasing importance of Luwian in texts and inscriptions.
indoeuro.bizland.com /project/chron/chron1.html   (3355 words)

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