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Topic: Mycobacterium leprae

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	Final Report No.14 - Leprosy: mechanisms of nerve invasion by Mycobacterium leprae, key molecules identified
		leprae’s attachment to the basal lamina that surrounds the Schwann cell-axon unit.
		Using a combination of antibodies directed against different isoforms of laminin, recombinant fragments of the laminin alpha2 chain and dy/dy mice, the nerves of which are devoid of laminin alpha2, it was shown that it is the C-terminal portion, the so-called G domain, of the laminin alpha2 chain that mediates M.
		Molecular mechanism of Mycobacterium leprae invasion of Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve
	www.who.int /tdr/research/finalreps/no14.htm (521 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mycobacterium leprae, also known as Hansen’s bacillus, is the bacterium that causes leprosy (Hansen's disease).
		Leprae is a gram-positive aerobic rod surrounded by the characteristic waxy coating unique to mycobacteria.
		leprae is sensitive to dapsone (diaminodiphenylsulfone, the first effective treatment which was discovered for leprosy in the 1940's), but resistance against this antibiotic has developed over time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mycobacterium_leprae (306 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae*
		The bacteria grow intracellularly and clinical manifestations of the disease are caused primarily by the hosts' cell mediated immune response to the bacteria.
		M. leprae is not cytotoxic to the cells it infects, and establishes colonies in the peripheral nerves and skin (primarily).
		M. leprae has never been grown in any artificial medium but does grow in the footpad of the mouse or in armadillos.
	medinfo.ufl.edu /year2/mmid/bms5300/bugs/myclepr.html (447 words)

	Lactobacillus acidophilus
		It was first detected in 1873 by a Norwegian physician named Gerhard Hansen and is sometimes called Hansen's bacillus in his honor.
		leprae's general morphology and staining characteristics are similar to other mycobacteria.
		The accuracy of the content of this reports is not guaranteed and it is recommended that you seek other sources of information to verify the content.
	web.umr.edu /~microbio/BIO221_1998/M_leprae.html (341 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Leprosy, sometimes known as hansens disease, is an infectious disease caused by infection by mycobacterium leprae, an aerobic, acid fast,...
		Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacterium that causes most cases of tuberculosis....
		Mycobacterium bovis is a type of bacterium that causes tuberculosis in cattle....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/my/mycobacterium_leprae.htm (553 words)

	Mycobacterium - MicrobeWiki
		The genome of Mycobacterium leprae is 3,268,203 base pairs long, with only 1,604 predicted protein-coding regions, and a G+C content of about 57.8%.
		leprae was once approximately the size of other mycobacteria, it has significantly downsized and degraded to its current state.
		leprae are hardly typical of the genus, and are consequently called 'wayward sons of honorable parents.' In recent years, with the ushering in of the antibiotic age, when penicillin is used to treat everything, new, drug-resistant forms of these pathogens have begun to emerge allowing both diseases to become serious threats to humanity once again.
	microbewiki.kenyon.edu /index.php/Mycobacterium (1243 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Leprosy is a disfiguring disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae).
		Rambukkana, A., and Yamada, H. Role of alpha-dystroglycan as a Schwann cell receptor for Mycobacterium leprae.
		Rambukkana, A., Zanazzi, G., Tapinos, N., and Salzer, J. Contact-dependant demyelination by Mycobacterium leprae in the absence of immune cells.
	ctl.unbc.ca /outloud/docs/marko (567 words)

	mycobacterium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The genome of Mycobacterium leprae is 3,268,203 base pairs long, with only 1,604 predicted protein-coding regions, and a G+C content of about 57.8%.
		leprae, suggests that it has lost many of its metabolic capabilities, and is now an obligate parasite, dependent on its host for most of its nutritional needs.
		leprae are hardly typical of the genus, and are consequently called 'wayward sons of honorable parents.' In recent years, with the ushering in of the antibiotic age, when penicillin is used to treat everything, new, drug-resistant forms of these pathogens have begun to emerge allowing both diseases to become serious threats to humanity once again.
	biology.kenyon.edu /Microbial_Biorealm/bacteria/gram-positive/mycobacteria/mycobacteria.htm (1229 words)

	Leprosy \| 4 Mycobacterium leprae
		Mycobacterium leprae is an obligate intracellular, slow-growing acid fast bacillus (0,5 x 3-8 µm).
		The disease caused by Mycobacterium lepraemurium is sometimes used as a model for human leprosy.
		One major component of the BM in muscle is laminin-2, which is composed of a heavy chain laminin a2 and two light chains, b1 and laminin g1.
	www.itg.be /itg/DistanceLearning/LectureNotesVandenEndenE/22_Leprosyp4.htm (380 words)

	Dapsone resistance in Mycobacterium leprae. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Dapsone resistance in Mycobacterium leprae.Development and application of simple molecular tests to assess drug-related mutations in M. leprae could establish current levels of drug resistance in leprosy as a reference point for future monitoring of drug resistance at the global level.
		The folP1 gene of Mycobacterium leprae, which encodes dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), was studied for the presence of mutations associated with resistance to dapsone (DDS).
		DNA sequencing of strains of M. leprae resistant to 0.01 g% DDS in the mouse diet revealed that 13 of 14 strains contained either the 53 or 55 folP1 mutation.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/8571371.html (172 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae -- categorie:bacterie Mycobacterium leprae of bacil van... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium leprae -- categorie:bacterie Mycobacterium leprae of bacil van...
		categorie:bacterie Mycobacterium leprae of bacil van Hansen genoemd naar de Noorse arts Armauer Hansen die deze in 1873 ontdekte.
		Deze ziektekiem valt onder de Mycobacterium genus en veroorzaakt de ziekte lepra.
	mycobacterium-leprae.nl.tracking24.net (59 words)

	Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA by polymerase chain reaction in the blood ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In spite of the PCR sensitivity to detect the presence of the M. leprae in a subclinical stage, this molecular approach did not seem to be a valuable tool to screen household contacts, since we determined a spurious association of the PCR positivity and further development of leprosy.
		Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
		leprae infection that is obviously modulated by environmental factors influencing the outcome of leprosy.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762004000500009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en (2354 words)

	Localization of Mycobacterium leprae to Endothelial Cells of Epineurial and Perineurial Blood Vessels and Lymphatics -- ...
		Infection of peripheral nerve by Mycobacterium leprae, the histopathological
		leprae in the lumen of a lymphatic vessel, adherent to the endothelium.
		leprae, in a blood vessel adjacent to another nerve, the lumen is narrowed due to a marked increase in endothelial cytoplasmic thickness, and in nuclear size.
	ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/154/5/1611 (3634 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae - TheBestLinks.com - Bacterium, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, 1873, Leprosy, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium leprae - TheBestLinks.com - Bacterium, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, 1873, Leprosy,...
		Mycobacterium leprae, Bacterium, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, 1873...

Mycobacterium leprae, also known as Hansen’s bacillus, is the bacterium that causes leprosy (now called Hansen's disease).

www.thebestlinks.com /Mycobacterium_leprae.html (172 words)

	Tuberculosis
		Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiologic agent of tuberculosis in humans.
		Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.TB.) was the cause of the "White Plague" of the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe.
		Mycobacterium species, along with members of a related genus Nocardia, are classified as acid-fast bacteria due to their impermeability by certain dyes and stains.
	textbookofbacteriology.net /tuberculosis.html (3017 words)

	Genome Biology \| Full text \| The genome of Mycobacterium leprae: a minimal mycobacterial gene set
		Mycobacterium leprae, 'Hansen's Bacillus', was the first human pathogenic bacterium to be identified, predating the discovery of the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) by a decade.
		The sequencing of Mycobacterium smegmatis [5], the laboratory model strain used for studying mycobacterial physiology and genetics, and of the phylogenetically related Corynebacterium glutamicum [5] and Corynebacterium diphtheriae [8], are also under way.
		Russell DG: Mycobacterium and the seduction of the macrophage.
	genomebiology.com /2001/2/8/reviews/1023 (3418 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepraemurium infections in domestic and wild animals
		Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepraemurium infections in domestic and wild animals
		Mycobacterium leprae, the aetiological agent of leprosy in humans, gives rise to a chronic granulomatous disease that affects primarily the skin and peripheral nerves, and secondarily some internal organs such as the testis and the eye; viscera are seldom involved.
		Murine leprosy is a leprosy-like disease of rats and mice, caused by Mycobacterium lepraemurium.
	www.oie.int /eng/publicat/rt/2001/A_R2019.htm (306 words)

	Mycobacterium leprae
		Mycobacterium leprae / genetics; Mycobacterium leprae / isolation and purification
		The Mycobacterium leprae TN genome page is provided by TIGR (The Institute of Genome Research) as part of their Comprehensive Microbial Resource, a tool that allows the researcher to access all of the bacterial genome sequences completed to date.
		Gene pairs for Mycobacterium leprae TN is provided by The Institute of Genome Research (TIGR) as part of their "Predicting operons in microbial genomes" resource.
	bioresearch.ac.uk /browse/mesh/D009166.html (774 words)

	Infolep
		Mycobacterium leprae was discovered in 1873 when Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen demonstrated that rod-shaped bodies were directly related to the nodules of leprosy patients.
		However, further scientific research on the mycobacterium has been hampered by the fact that, up to now, it has not been possible to culture the bacterium on an artificial medium.
		Most of these organisms are inhabitants of soil, with the exception of two of the major pathogens: Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
	www.leprastichting.nl /infolep/pagina.asp?pagkey=35227 (111 words)

	Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium leprae from Patients with Leprosy -- Maeda et al. 45 (12): 3635 -- Antimicrobial ...
		leprae, mutations at positions 53 and 55, which were found to be associated with dapsone resistance, were detected (the numbering system of reference 9 was used).
		Diaminodiphenylsulfone resistance of Mycobacterium leprae due to mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene.
		A Mycobacterium leprae isolate resistant to dapsone, rifampin, ofloxacin and sparfloxacin.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/45/12/3635 (1866 words)

	Lepra - BOND: British Overseas NGOs for Development.
		Lepra je jednou z prvých chorôb cloveka, ktorých pôvodca bol objavený.
		LEPRA India is dedicated to improve public health status of the community through implementing control programmes for leprosy and other allied diseases,
		Lepra eli spitaali on vaikuttanut syvästi maailman kulttuureihin Keskiajalla lepra oli ilmoitusvelvollisuuden alainen ja velvollisuus kuului
	lepra.yournetpath.com (196 words)

	CRISP - Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects, Abstract Display (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Abstract: DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Mycobacterium leprae is unique among bacterial pathogens in its ability to invade the peripheral nervous system and to cause nerve damage, which accounts for the disabilities in leprosy patients.
		The PI and colleagues have recently shown that laminin-2 is an initial neural target of M. leprae; since the laminin-2 isoform completely surrounds the Schwann cell-axon units, the PI proposes that M. leprae should bind to laminin-2 before inducing nerve damage in early infection.
		The main theme of the application is to systematically identify the laminin-binding components of M. leprae that mediate the initial interaction with peripheral nerves and characterize their capacity to induce nerve damage.
	crisp.cit.nih.gov /crisp/CRISP_LIB.getdoc?textkey=6532788&p_grant_num=5R01AI045816-04&p_query=&ticket=2988899&p_audit_session_id=14614905&p_keywords= (361 words)

	Lepra (Diagnosen) Gesundheitsportal Medinfo
		Lepra ist eine der ältesten Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, die durch das Mycobacterium leprae verursacht wird.
		Lepra kommt weltweit, vor allem aber in tropischen und subtropischen Ländern vor.
		Lepra ist eine progrediente, chronische Infektionskrankheit, die durch das Mycobacterium leprae verursacht wird.
	www.medinfo.de /index.asp?r=1052&thema=Aussatz (666 words)

	Association of Mycobacterium leprae with Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro
		Leprae colonizes endothelial cells of epineural blood vessels even in sites of minimal infection, suggesting that interaction between these cells and M.
		Leprae also appear to be ingested more slowly, and to a more limited degree.
		leprae binding to endothelial cells and the impact of intracellular infection by M.
	info.med.yale.edu /labinvest/abstracts/00months/0005May/0005_663.html (272 words)

	Biological Characteristics
		Leprosy is cause by infection with an intercellular pathogen known as Mycobacterium leprae.
		Therefore, innoculation of the foot pad of the mouse and the armadillo are the main mechanisms for research.
		It is thought that they are a good host for Mycobacterium leprae because of their low body temperature.
	www.stanford.edu /class/humbio103/ParaSites2005/Leprosy/bio.htm (406 words)

	Mycobacterium bovis BCG but not Mycobacterium leprae Induces TN
		Mycobacterium bovis BCG but not Mycobacterium leprae Induces TN Mycobacterium bovis BCG but not Mycobacterium leprae Induces TNF-
		leprae and BCG was observed in more than 80% of the cells after 24 h of exposure.
		leprae and heat-killed BCG gave similar results, indicate that the differences observed were not due to differences in viability but in intrinsic properties between M.
	memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br /967/4225.html (628 words)

	Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Bactérienne
		This work is complementary to the Mycobacterium bovis genome sequencing project that we are pursuing in collaboration with the Pathogen Genome Sequencing Unit at the Sanger Centre directed by Bart Barrell and Glyn Hewinson at the United Kingdom's Veterinary Laboratories Agency.
		Mycobacterium microti, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, was originally isolated from voles in the UK in the 1930's and causes tuberculosis in rodents.
		Mycobacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen that causes Buruli ulcer, a chronic, necrotic skin lesion in humans, and has rapidly emerged as an important cause of morbidity around the world.
	www.pasteur.fr /recherche/unites/Lgmb/mycogenomics.html (3762 words)

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