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Topic: Mycobacterium xenopi

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Mycobacterium

Scotochromogenic

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Xenopus laevis

Binomial nomenclature

Bacterium

1965

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	Mycobacterium xenopi Definition / Mycobacterium xenopi Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium xenopi is a slow-growing scotochromogenicScotochromogenic bacteria develop pigment in the dark or in the light.
		Mycobacterium xenopi is a water related mycobacterium, recognised as a human pathogen with low pathogenicity in 1965.
		Mycobacterium xenopi is a slow-growing, scotochromogenic acid-fast bacillus with optimal growth at approximately 43°C (10).
	www.elresearch.com /Mycobacterium_xenopi (204 words)

	Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
		A case of Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described and the clinical experience of others in the United States with this organism is reviewed.
		Because M xenopi has been found in hot water systems by others and is an organism more susceptible to the traditional antituberculosis antibiotics, recognition and distinction of this organism from the more resistant and difficult to treat Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in the patients with AIDS may be important.
	www.aegis.org /aidsline/1984/oct/M84A0126.html (328 words)

	eMedicine - Mycobacterium Xenopi : Article Excerpt by: Sailaja Kolli, MD
		M xenopi, a slow-growing, nontuberculous mycobacterium, is often considered to be a saprophyte or an environmental contaminant.
		M xenopi colonization occurs from ingestion or inhalation of, or cutaneous exposure to, organisms in water, soil, or airborne particles.
		Most M xenopi infections occur in the lungs, usually in patients with preexisting lung disease or with predisposing conditions (eg, extrapulmonary malignancy, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, HIV infection).
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/mycobacterium-xenopi.htm (441 words)

	Mycobacterium xenopi in HIV-infected patients: an emerging pathogen.
		Mycobacterium xenopi in HIV-infected patients: an emerging pathogen.
		BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium xenopi is associated with pulmonary disease in patients with loss of local or general host defence.
		OBJECTIVES: To determine the occurrence of M. xenopi in our hospital during 1987-1992 and 1993-1996, as well as the association of M. xenopi with HIV infection in 1993-1996; to evaluate the clinical significance of M. xenopi in HIV-seropositive patients.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1999/feb/A9920963.html (472 words)

	Jacques Grosset, M.D.
		Mycobacterium xenopi spinal infections after discovertebral surgery: investigation and screening of a large outbreak.
		Mycobacterium avium complex common-source or cross-infection in AIDS patients attending the same day-care facility.
		Post-surgical outcome of 57 patients with Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /DOM/TB_Lab/faculty/grosset.html (5815 words)

	CHEST: Increasing Incidence of Mycobacterium xenopi at Bellevue Hospital - ): An Emerging Pathogen or a Product of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In our case, we found that the dramatic surge in M xenopi isolates identified at Bellevue Hospital was predominately due to more-sensitive laboratory techniques and was not truly the harbinger of an emerging pathogen.
		Treatment of M xenopi disease may present a problem because of its variable in vitro susceptibility to antimycobacterial agents.[19,20] Therapy always should be guided by organism sensitivities.
		Mycobacterium xenopi infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_5_118/ai_67708339/pg_3 (1277 words)

	CHEST: Increasing Incidence of Mycobacterium xenopi at Bellevue Hospital - ): An Emerging Pathogen or a Product of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Measurements and results: We recovered 29 M xenopi isolates from 1975 to 1990, 12 isolates from 1991 to 1994, and 381 isolates from 1995 to 1998.
		At Bellevue Hospital Center, we observed a striking increase in M xenopi isolates: from 29 isolates (1975 to 1990) to 12 isolates (1990 to 1994), to 381 isolates (1995 to 1998).
		M xenopi was isolated in 34 patients receiving treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and was considered colonization.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_5_118/ai_67708339 (1189 words)

	Rednova NEWS \| Infections Due to Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Isolation of the mycobacterium from representative specimens and their rapid identification is very important as the treatment strategy for tuberculosis and other mycobacterioses is different.
		Charactcrization of Mycobacterium paratiiherciilosis and organisation of Mycobacterium avium complex by restriction polymorphism of rRNA gene region.
		Telithromycin is active against Mycobacterium avium in mice despite lacking significant activity in standard in vitro and macrophage assays and is assosiated with low frequency of resistance during treatment.
	www.rednova.com /modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&id=105719 (7410 words)

	Patent 6,645,505
		Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv is a slow growing organism and is highly virulent.
		Once the identity of the cloned fragments was confirmed, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv whiB genes were used as probe to check whether similar genes were present in the Mycobacterium bovis BCG or not.
		Electro-competent Mycobacterium bovis BCG cells were prepared using the art known in the literature and transformed with lptg of purified vector DNA.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents100/Yr2003/Nov2003/111103/6645505_Tuberculosis111103.htm (2263 words)

	Oxidative Stress Response and Characterization of the oxyR-ahpC and furA-katG Loci in Mycobacterium marinum -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosome and evidence that phagosomal maturation is inhibited.
		Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a natural mutant with an inactivated oxidative-stress regulatory gene: implications for sensitivity to isoniazid.
		Intracellular trafficking in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages.
	intl-jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/180/18/4856 (5179 words)

	Laboratory and clinical evaluation of Mycobacterium xenopi isolates.
		Relative growth rates of 10 M. xenopi and 11 MAC isolates were measured at 25 degrees C, 36 degrees C, and 42 degrees C in Middlebrook broth processed using the BACTEC TB System.
		Ten M. xenopi were tested for p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone inhibition at 36 degrees C and 42 degrees C. Reevaluation of 81 isolates previously identified as MAC by biochemical tests alone revealed that two were M. xenopi.
		The most reliable characteristics distinguishing M. xenopi from MAC were the presence of X-colonies (M. xenopi 97% vs MAC 1%), positive 3-day arylsulfatase (M. xenopi 88% vs MAC 1%), growth at 25 degrees C (M. xenopi 0% vs MAC 100%), and AccuProbe MAC test results (M. xenopi 0% hybridized).
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1996/jan/M9610521.html (451 words)

	An unusual cause for a colonic stricture: a case of Mycobacterium xenopi mimicking malignancy -- Rees et al. 79 (938): ...
		An unusual cause for a colonic stricture: a case of Mycobacterium xenopi mimicking malignancy
		Mycobacterium xenopi is an uncommon cause of human infection
		Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection in an HIV infected patient under highly active retroviral treatment.
	www.postgradmedj.com /cgi/content/full/79/938/705 (773 words)

	Mycobacterium xenopi -- Salazar-Schicchi et al. 57 (7): 658 -- Thorax
		M xenopi is usually a non-pathogenic coloniser of airways that
		Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection in an HIV infected patient under highly active antiretroviral treatment.
		Mycobacterium xenopi infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
	thorax.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/7/658 (571 words)

	M.celatum is a slow growing nonphotochromogenic mycobacteria which
		Mycobacterium celatum as a cause of disseminated infection in an AIDS patient
		Mycobacterium celatum is a recently discovered microorganism causing disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients and could be misidentified (2).
		Pneumonia nad bactermia due to Mycobacterium celatum masquerading as Mycobacterium xenopi in patients with AIDS: An underdiagnosed preblem?.
	www.uclm.es /PROFESORADO/RICARDO/webmj/CELATEUR.html (1189 words)

	Increasing Incidence of Mycobacterium xenopi at Bellevue Hospital : An Emerging Pathogen or a Product of Improved ...
		Increasing Incidence of Mycobacterium xenopi at Bellevue Hospital
		Schwabacher H. A strain of mycobacterium isolated from skin lesions of a cold-blooded animal, Xenopus laevis, and its relation to atypical acid-fast bacilli.
		Parrot, RG, Grosset, JH (1988) Post-surgical outcome of 57 patients with Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection.
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/118/5/1365 (2863 words)

	The Mycobacterium xenopi GyrA protein splicing element: characterization of a minimal intein -- Telenti et al. 179 ...
		The Mycobacterium xenopi GyrA protein splicing element: characterization of a minimal intein -- Telenti et al.
		The Mycobacterium xenopi GyrA protein splicing element: characterization of a minimal intein
		The 198-amino-acid in-frame insertion in the gyrA gene of Mycobacterium
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/179/20/6378 (351 words)

	[No title]
		_Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum_ Bacteremia in an AIDS Patient To the Editor: _Mycobacterium avium_ complex is the most common nontuberculous mycobacterium that causes disseminated infection in HIV-positive patients (1).
		xenopi _are significantly more frequent in these patients (2,3,9), HIV infection is likely a predisposing condition for all nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.
		He is receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, and his CD4-cell count is 128/µL. nonchromogenicum_, a slow-growing nonpigmented (Runyon's group III) mycobacterium, belongs to the _M.
	ftp.cdc.gov /pub/EID/vol4no1/ascii/mayo.txt (1052 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		More particularly, the present invention identifies the nucleotide sequence of ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer region) of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium vaccae, Mycobacterium flavescens, Mycobacterium asiaticum, Mycobacterium porcinum, Mycobacterium acapulcensis and Mycobacterium diernhoferi, and using the nucleotide sequences, it provides oligonucleotide primers or probes used for detection and identification of mycobacteria.
		Each primer of about 20 bp was designed from DNA sequences of ITS of Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium vaccae, Mycobacterium flavescens, Mycobacterium asiaticum, Mycobacterium porcinum, Mycobacterium acapulcensis and Mycobacterium diernhoferi, obtained in Example 4, and compared with DNA sequences of ITS of other mycobacteria obtained from GenBank by multi- alignment and blast.
		An oligonucleotide for detection and identification of Mycobacterium xenopi set in forth in one of SEQ ID NOs: 124 to 133.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/73436.001207&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4360 words)

	AEGiS-08IAC: Frequency and clinical features of pulmonary infections with Mycobacterium xenopi (M. xenopi) in AIDS ...
		METHODS: Charts of 948 HIV-infected patients from 1987-1991 were evaluated for the isolation of M. xenopi in clinical and/or postmortem specimens and related to clinical data.
		xenopi infections were separated into three groups: 1) primary pulmonary disease (PD), 2) disseminated disease with (DD+) or without pulmonary involvement (DD-), 3) colonization without disease (CO).
		CONCLUSIONS: M. xenopi infection is a rare complication in severely immunosuppressed AIDS patients and involves the lungs frequently.
	www.aegis.com /conferences/iac/1992/PuB7037.html (355 words)

	M5 Abstracts 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		M 5 Evaluation of an In-house PCR for Identification of Mycobacterium xenopi in Culture Positive Specimens.
		xenopi isolates and the in-house PCR detected 30 of these for a sensitivity of 96.8% (30/31).
		xenopi isolates from positive MGIT culture material may be a sensitive and time effective alternative to traditional biochemical and nHPLC identification.
	www.cacmid.ca /abstracts_01/m5.htm (315 words)

	Mycobacterium xenopi spinal infections after discovertebral surgery: investigation and screening of a large outbreak. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium xenopi spinal infections were diagnosed in 1993 in patients who had undergone surgical microdiscectomy for disc hernia, by
		Several cases were recorded in the 4 years after implementation of effective control measures because of the long time between discectomy and case detection.
		The national health authorities decided to launch a retrospective investigation in patients who were exposed to M xenopi contamination in that hospital.
	pagesperso.laposte.net /chirurgie/text/intraoperative_xenopi.html (402 words)

	Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Identification of Mycobacteria Using Genus-Specific Amplification of the 16S-23S rRNA ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		kansasii or Mycobacterium gastri clustered in one RFLP genotype (Fig.
		Ribosomal internal transcribed spacers are identical among Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex isolates from AIDS patients, but vary among isolates from elderly pulmonary disease patients.
		Molecular basis for cross-reactivity between a strain of Mycobacterium terrae and DNA probes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
	intl-jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/3/1094 (5357 words)

	References
		Mycobacterium xenopi infection masquerading as pulmonary tuberculosis in two patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
		Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection: Evaluation with CT. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1998; 22: 225-228.
		Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare pulmonary infection in patients without predisposing lung disease.
	www.medscape.com /content/2003/00/45/75/457548/457548_ref.html (532 words)

	Erp, an extracellular protein family specific to mycobacteria -- de Mendonça-Lima et al. 147 (8): 2315 -- ...
		Armitige, L. Y., Chinnaswamy, J., Wanger, A. and Norris, S. Disruption of the genes encoding antigen 85A and antigen 85B of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv: effect on growth in culture and macrophages.
		Attenuation of virulence by disruption of Mycobacterium tuberculosis erp gene.
		Cherayil, B. and Young, R. A 28 kDa protein from Mycobacterium leprae is a target of the human antibody response in lepromatous leprosy.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/147/8/2315 (2514 words)

	Mycobacterium xenopi and Drinking Water Biofilms -- Dailloux et al. 69 (11): 6946 -- Applied and Environmental ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mycobacterium xenopi and Drinking Water Biofilms -- Dailloux et al.
		xenopi organisms in the outlet water (in CFU per 100 ml) or the biofilm (in CFU per square centimeter) from Propella reactor B. The evolution of M.
		Mycobacterium fortuitum may form a dense biofilm within 48 h.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/11/6946 (1504 words)

	The Body: Lung Resection Can Benefit Patients With Mycobacteria xenopi Infection
		Lung surgery is often beneficial for patients with drug-resistant Mycobacteria xenopi infections, researchers in France report.
		The new techniques are needed since the "results of medical therapy for Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection remain unreliable," Lang-Lazdunski and co-authors said.
		xenopi, a nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause illness in elderly patients or in those with compromised immune systems.
	www.thebody.com /cdc/news_updates_archive/feb22_02/lung_surgery.html (306 words)

	Comparative Evaluation of the New Version of the INNO-LiPA Mycobacteria and GenoType Mycobacterium Assays for ...
		one Mycobacterium terrae (ATCC 15755), one Mycobacterium gastri
		Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare directly from primary BACTEC cultures by using acridinium-ester-labeled DNA probes.
		Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium avium recovered from AIDS patients in the Caribbean as studied by a consensus IS1245-RFLP method and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/42/7/3083 (3379 words)

	[Osteoarticular Mycobacterium xenopi infection]
		BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium xenopi is a potential pathogen for man and can cause bone and joint infections, particularly spondylodiscitis.
		The strain was isolated from a discovertebral biopsy and was resistant to several antibiotics.
		To our knowledge, this is the first report of cervical spondylodiscitis dut to Mycobacterium xenopi in an HIV+ patient.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1999/jan/A9910296.html (373 words)

	Efficacies of Clarithromycin Regimens against Mycobacterium xenopi in Mice -- Lounis et al. 45 (11): 3229 -- ...
		Efficacies of Clarithromycin Regimens against Mycobacterium xenopi in Mice -- Lounis et al.
		xenopi is rather low (5, 7), and it is active against M.
		Successful treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a natural killer cell-deficient patient with clarithromycin, rifabutin, and sparfloxacin.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/45/11/3229 (1345 words)

	HIV Infection/Disease Pulmonary Disease
		Role of Mycobacterium xenopi disease in patients with HIV infection at the time of
		Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection in an HIV infected patient under
		Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection in an HIV infected patient under highly
	www.medadvocates.org /diseases/hiv/systemicdisorders/respiratory/mxenopi.html (76 words)

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