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	Multiple myeloma - Medical Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Multiple myeloma (also known as myeloma or plasma cell myeloma) is a hematologic cancer, meaning it develops in the blood.
		Although the peak age of onset of multiple myeloma is 65 to 70 years of age, recent statistics indicate both increasing incidence and earlier age of onset.
		Among African Americans, myeloma is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer death.
	www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Multiple_myeloma.html (240 words)

	Multiple myeloma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Multiple myeloma (also known as MM, myeloma, plasma cell myeloma, or as Kahler's disease after Otto Kahler) is a presently incurable hematological malignancy of plasma cells, the cells of the immune system that produce antibodies.
		Additional findings are: a raised calcium (when myeloma cells are breaking down bone, releasing calcium into the bloodstream) and decreased renal function, which may be due to paraprotein deposition in the kidney).
		Myeloma deposits appear as "lytic lesions" (with local disappearance of normal bone due to resorption), and on the skull X-ray as "punched-out lesions".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Myeloma (1376 words)

	BestDoctors.com: Condition Summary: Multiple Myeloma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Myeloma arises in the bone marrow of patients when a single cell or clone of plasma cells begins to grow uncontrollably and produce an overabundance of one type of antibody or monoclonal antibody.
		The cause or causes of myeloma are unknown.
		The characteristic hallmark of myeloma is the overproduction of the monoclonal antibody or protein; however, not all individuals with a monoclonal antibody have myeloma.
	www.bestdoctors.com /en/conditions/m/myeloma/myeloma_092900.htm (1943 words)

	Definition
		Myeloma cells are identical and produce the same immunoglobulin protein, called monoclonal (M) protein or paraprotein, in large quantities.
		Myeloma is often referred to by the particular type of immunoglobulin or light chain (kappa or lambda type) produced by the cancerous plasma cell.
		Because the peak age for multiple myeloma is among the elderly it is thought that susceptibility may increase with the aging process and the consequent reduction in immune surveillance of evolving cancer, or that myeloma may result from a lifelong accumulation of toxic insults or antigenic challenges.
	www.multiplemyeloma.org /about_myeloma (2002 words)

	Multiple Myeloma- Health Encyclopedia and Reference
		Multiple Myeloma is a malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow.
		Multiple myeloma is a malignant disorder of the plasma cells, a type of white blood cell found in many tissues of the body but mainly in the bone marrow.
		Frequently the first sign of multiple myeloma is bone pain due to the presence of many malignant cells in the bone marrow.
	www.healthcentral.com /encyclopedia/408/621/Multiple_Myeloma.html (877 words)

	Society : Disease Information - Myeloma
		Myeloma may be called by several names, including plasma cell dyscrasia, plasma cell myeloma, myelomatosis and multiple myeloma.
		Myeloma results from an acquired injury to the DNA of a single cell in the lymphocyte development sequence that leads to the formation of plasma cells.
		Myeloma may be discovered during a routine medical examination, before patients have symptoms of the disease.
	www.leukemia-lymphoma.org /all_page?item_id=7032 (1296 words)

	Multiple myeloma -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Symptoms can include: (Physical discomfort (as mild sickness or depression)) malaise, (A deficiency of red blood cells) anemia, (The pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms) infections (due to decreased immunity) and (Breaking of hard tissue such as bone) fractures (due to breakdown of bone by malignant cells).
		Often, the diagnosis of multiple myeloma is made incidentally during routine (A serologic analysis of a sample of blood) blood tests for other conditions.
		The paraprotein is a deviant (A class of proteins produced in lymph tissue in vertebrates and that function as antibodies in the immune response) immunoglobulin produced by the tumour clone.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mu/multiple_myeloma.htm (943 words)

	Home \| aHealthyme.com
		Multiple myeloma is a cancer in which antibody-producing plasma cells grow in an uncontrolled and invasive (malignant) manner.
		Multiple myeloma is a disease in which malignant plasma cells spread through the bone marrow and hard outer portions of the large bones of the body.
		Since all of the multiple myeloma M-proteins in the blood and urine are identical, electrophoresis of blood and urine from a patient with multiple myeloma shows a large M-protein spike, corresponding to the high concentration of monoclonal Ig.
	www.ahealthyme.com /article/gale/100083713 (3236 words)

	Stages II-III Multiple Myeloma
		Because the plasma cells of multiple myeloma are initially sensitive to treatment with chemotherapy, many new chemotherapy drugs have been evaluated for the treatment of multiple myeloma over the last several years.
		While aggressive treatment with combinations of chemotherapy drugs is able to kill more myeloma cells resulting in a greater number of remissions, the more aggressive combination chemotherapy regimens have, in general, not improved the average duration of a patient’s survival with multiple myeloma.
		Osteolytic lesions are caused by the rapid growth of myeloma cells, which push aside normal bone-forming cells, preventing them from repairing general wear and tear of the bones. Under normal circumstances, cells called osteoclasts destroy dead and dying bone.
	patient.cancerconsultants.com /treatment.aspx?id=832 (4452 words)

	Recurrent Multiple Myeloma
		Recurrent myeloma is multiple myeloma that has persisted or returned (recurred/relapsed) following treatment with radiation, chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplant.Historically, patients with resistant or relapsed multiple myeloma were treated with additional chemotherapy using drugs to which the patient had not been previously exposed and/or radiation therapy.
		The treatment of multiple myeloma is focused on treating the underlying disease (the increased number of abnormal plasma cells).
		Bone complications: In 70% of multiple myeloma cases, the bones develop multiple holes, which explains why the disease is referred to as “multiple” myeloma.
	patient.cancerconsultants.com /treatment.aspx?id=837 (3578 words)

	Sloan-Kettering - Multiple Myeloma
		Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the bone marrow that arises when plasma cells -- white blood cells that produce infection-fighting antibodies -- become malignant and invade the marrow.
		Once the diagnosis of multiple myeloma has been made, it is necessary to determine what is the stage of the patient's disease -- meaning to determine how much disease is present and how or whether the disease has affected the function of bones or bone marrow.
		Patients who have multiple myeloma should be regularly and closely monitored for changes in the status of their disease.
	www.mskcc.org /mskcc/html/3371.cfm (290 words)

	Multiple Myeloma
		Linda M. Pottern, M.P.H., Ph.D. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells that are usually found in the bone marrow.
		Multiple myeloma is one of the few cancers that occurs twice as frequently in fls as in whites.
		The occurrence of multiple myeloma among siblings, spouses, and family members of myeloma patients suggests that genetic factors and common environmental exposures play a role in the development of this cancer (Riedel et al., 1992).
	rex.nci.nih.gov /NCI_Pub_Interface/raterisk/risks167.html (696 words)

	eMedicine - Multiple Myeloma : Article by Sara Grethlein, MD
		First described in 1848, multiple myeloma is a disease characterized by a proliferation of malignant plasma cells and a subsequent overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein.
		Also, the level of myeloma protein (ie, M protein level), as documented by the immunoglobulin level, can be useful as a marker to assess the patient's response to therapy.
		Smoldering myeloma is the same as indolent myeloma except patients with smoldering myeloma have less than 30% plasma cells in their bone marrow and they have no bone disease.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic1521.htm (6767 words)

	Knowing Your Treatment Options
		Treatment of myeloma can be a complex process because many variables must be taken into account, such as the patient's overall state of health, other medical issues/diseases, and how well the disease is currently controlled, as well as the type, number, and response to previous therapy.
		Some myeloma groups consider a decrease in M protein between 25% and 50% to be a minimal response whereas others consider this to be stable disease.
		Progressive disease refers to active myeloma that is worsening (ie, increasing M protein and worsening organ or tissue impairment [end organ damage]).
	www.multiplemyeloma.org /treatments (2121 words)

	Multiple myeloma
		Multiple myeloma is a cancer of your plasma cells.
		This condition, like multiple myeloma, is marked by the presence of M proteins — produced by abnormal plasma cells — in your blood.
		Radiation therapy may be used to target myeloma cells in a specific area — for instance, to more quickly shrink a tumor that's causing pain or destroying a bone.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00415.html (2582 words)

	Multiple Myeloma - Hematology - Medstudents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The cells in Multiple Myeloma are often immature, may have the appearance of plasmablasts and produce low amounts of clonal immunoglobulin.
		The myeloma cells are aneuploid and their chromosomes have many numerical and structural abnormalites that seems to prevent the differentiation and death of these cells, which continue to proliferate and acumulate in the bone marrow.
		Interleukin-6 is essenciatial for the survival and growth of myeloma cells, which express specific receptors for this cytokine, and also prevents spontaneous or dexamethasone induced apoptosis.
	www.medstudents.com.br /hemat/hemat6.htm (2204 words)

	Multiple Myeloma - Cancer information on MedicineNet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Myeloma cells tend to collect in the bone marrow and in the hard, outer part of the bones.
		This fact is important because the diagnosis and treatment of plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma are different from the diagnosis and treatment of bone cancer.
		Myeloma cells prevent the bone marrow from forming normal plasma cells and other white blood cells that are important to the immune system.
	www.medicinenet.com /multiple_myeloma/article.htm (854 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Multiple myeloma
		Multiple myeloma is a disorder in which plasma cells are produced in an uncontrolled and invasive (malignant) fashion.
		Multiple myeloma tends to be a disease of the elderly.
		Although the exact cause of multiple myeloma has not been determined, researchers believe that there may be a link between exposure to certain environmental substances and the development of multiple myeloma.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0009/ai_2601000915 (1042 words)

	eMedicine - Multiple Myeloma : Article by Steven M Sorenson, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The osteoblastic response in myeloma tends to be suppressed, resulting in the severe demineralization and bone destruction characteristic of the disease.
		Since myeloma is a disease of the medullary compartment of the bone, more subtle lesions can be detected by the appearance of endosteal scalloping seen as slight undulation to the inner cortical margin of bone.
		A rare form of myeloma known as POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome may demonstrate sclerotic lesions on radiographs, but this is responsible for fewer than 1% of myeloma cases.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic460.htm (3220 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Multiple myeloma
		Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells in bone marrow.
		Multiple myeloma is characterized by the excessive growth and malfunction of plasma cells in the bone marrow.
		The average (median) survival of people with multiple myeloma is about 3 years, but this depends on the patient's age and the stage of disease.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000583.htm (628 words)

	Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy: Treating the World’s Multiple Myeloma Patients
		At the Myeloma Institute we treat more patients with Multiple Myeloma than anywhere else in the world, and have one of the most active bone marrow transplantation centers for patients with numerous forms of cancer.
		The Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, evolving from the breakthrough advances of the UAMS myeloma program, is committed to accelerating curative therapies for multiple myeloma and related disease entities through innovative clinical and basic science research and outstanding patient care.
		View a Sampling of Abstracts from the Myeloma Institute Accepted for Presentation at the 47th annual meeting of ASH.
	myeloma.uams.edu (374 words)

	Multiple Myeloma Resources Directory - CancerIndex
		Multiple myeloma (also known as myelomatosis or myeloma) is a cancer in which there is abnormal growth in the number of plasma cells in the bone-marrow and blood.
		Midwest Myeloma Exchange and Email List A myeloma organization located in and serving the major medical centers in the midwestern United States, linking patients, caregivers, and medical professionals throughout the world through a free myeloma email discussion group.
		Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (USA) MMRF was founded in 1996 by Kathy Giusti who was diagnosed with multiple myleoma at age 37.
	www.cancerindex.org /clinks2v.htm (743 words)

	Center of Excellence for Lymphoma and Myeloma
		From the bedside we put together a series of treatment plans for patients at every stage of the disease that were the framework for perhaps the largest myeloma program on the east coast.
		And back to the bench, his team learned how to grow myeloma cells in the lab and studied the mechanism by which myeloma cells die.
		This transition solidified the establishment of The Center of Excellence for Myeloma and Lymphoma.
	www.myelomacenter.org /index.php?p=michaeli (1449 words)

	Multiple Myeloma
		Multiple Myeloma is part of a spectrum of diseases labeled Plasma Cell Dyscrasia.
		Over the past few years we have come to the realization that multiple myeloma is not a curable disease with the current technology, more over, what we have learned from the better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease is a complex redundant system.
		The myeloma program news letter provides patients, families, and physicians with an update relative to the different new developments in the field of multiple myeloma, and plasma cell dyscrasia.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /myeloma (699 words)

	Toronto & District Multiple Myeloma Support Group
		The Toronto and District Multiple Myeloma Support Group is comprised of multiple myeloma survivors and their primary caregivers and grew out of a need for information and mutual support in dealing with this unusual disease.
		The Purpose Of The Toronto and District Multiple Myeloma Support Group is to explore and discuss the wide range of treatment options and to give myeloma survivors and their loved ones the support and information they need to live longer, stronger lives.
		The course of treatment is very much dependent on the specifics of the patients physical, emotional and family situations and the variant of myeloma involved.
	www.toronto.myeloma.org (226 words)

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