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Topic: Myrinet

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	Myrinet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Myrinet physically consists of two fibre optic cables, upstream and downstream, connected to the host computers with a single connector.
		Myrinet's throughput is close to the theoretical maximum of the physical layer.
		However, for supercomputing, the low latency of Myrinet is even more important than its throughput performance, since, according to Amdahl's law, a high-performance parallel system tends to be bottlenecked by its slowest sequential process, which is often the latency of transmission of messages across the network in all but the most embarrassingly parallel supercomputer workloads.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Myrinet (343 words)

	Myrinet -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet has much less protocol overhead than standards such as (A type of networking technology for local area networks; coaxial cable carries radio frequency signals between computers at a rate of 10 megabits per second) Ethernet, and therefore provides better throughput, less interference, and less latency while using the host CPU.
		Although it can be used as a traditional networking system, Myrinet is often used directly by programs that "know" about it, thereby bypassing a call into the ((computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services) operating system.
		Myrinet physically consists of two (Click link for more info and facts about fibre optic) fibre optic cables, upstream and downstream, connected to the host computers with a single connector.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/my/myrinet.htm (298 words)

	General (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet is a high-performance, packet-communication and switching technology used to interconnect clusters of workstations, PCs, or single-board computers.
		Myrinet inserts STOP and GO control bytes into the opposite channel of a link to stop or restart data transmission on the sender side.
		Besides, Myrinet exhibits a very low bit-error rate, less than one bit error per day in a network of hundreds of hosts, and is highly robust with respect to host, switch, and cable faults.
	www.cs.unm.edu /~leon/projects/myri_measures/node12.html (334 words)

	CS Systems Administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet is a packet-communication and switching technology designed to interconnect clusters of workstations, PCs or servers.
		Because of the configuration on CS, it is necessary to use one machine in labs 422 and 465 with a two myrinet interfaces to route traffic to the older switches.
		Myrinet has the capability to encapsulate other types of packets such as IP, without adaptation layer.
	cs.gmu.edu /sysadmin/myrinet.html (349 words)

	1U rack mount cluster chassis servers MyriNet clustering connectivity
		Myrinet is a cost-effective, high-performance, packet-communication and switching technology that is widely used to interconnect clusters of workstations, PCs, servers, or single-board computers.
		Myrinet packets may be of any length, and thus can encapsulate other types of packets, including IP packets, without an adaptation layer.
		Based on field experience accumulated for all Myrinet components shipped during the past four years, the MTBF of Myrinet switches exceeds one-million hours, and the MTBF of Myrinet interfaces is in the range of several million hours.
	www.clusteron.com /myri.htm (736 words)

	LinuxElectrons - Myricom Introduces New Myrinet Switches for Large Clusters
		These switches are based on a new, 32-port, Myrinet crossbar-switch chip, which is also slated for use in other Myricom Myrinet-switch products and in OEM blade systems.
		Myrinet clusters are used for computationally demanding scientific and engineering applications, and for data-intensive web and database applications.
		There are many thousands of Myrinet clusters in use in more than 50 countries, including several systems with more than 2000 processors.
	www.linuxelectrons.com /article.php/2004062413182885 (471 words)

	An Isotach Implementation for Myrinet
		Myrinet [2] is a local area network based on technology developed for massively parallel processors.
		It is inappropriate to use Myrinet flow control to prevent receive buffers from overflowing; this could block packets inside the network for relatively long periods of time, causing other routes to become unavailable.
		Myrinet messaging layers are required to put a 16-bit message type field at the beginning of every message.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~regehr/papers/masters/CS-97-12.html (11526 words)

	Myrinet Diagnostic Tools for Cplant$^{TM}$
		Included in the myrinet diagnostic tools for Cplant are a set of ``ping'' utilities (vroute, vrouted, vping, do-ping, get-ping, req), aroute, rroute, Perl scripts (mach2.pl, all2.pl, one2all.pl, su.pl) for doing global connectivity tests based on these, and a route crawler (troute, getroute, crawl), useful in diagnosing problems with myrinet switches.
		Because of the main reliance of Sandia's Cplant installations on myrinet messaging, developers of Cplant have originated and maintained a set of myrinet diagnostic tools which work specifically in the context of the rtscts module.
		Note that since myrinet is source routed and normally little effort is spent in maintaining symmetry of routes send and ack routes generally differ.
	www.cs.sandia.gov /cplant/doc/myri-diag/myri.html (2154 words)

	Myrinet Overview
		Myrinet is a cost-effective, high-performance, packet-communication and switching technology that is widely used to interconnect clusters of workstations, PCs, servers, blade servers, or single-board computers.
		This use of CMOS technology is one reason why Myrinet performance has advanced and will continue to advance in step with advances in the hosts, without changes to the network architecture and software interfaces.
		Myrinet exhibits a very low bit-error rate, and is highly robust with respect to host, switch, and cable faults.
	www.myri.com /myrinet/overview (862 words)

	Myrinet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet is the present market leader in fast cluster networks.
		The Myricom company which sells Myrinet started in 1994 with its first Myrinet implementation, [25], as an alternative for Ethernet to connect the nodes in a cluster.
		Since then hardware upgrades and software improvements have made Myrinet the network of choice for many cluster builders and until recently there was hardly an alternative when a fast, low-latency network was required.
	www.top500.org /ORSC/2004/myrinet.html (458 words)

	Scyld and Myrinet (Was: Distribution) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I'd > like to experiment with it, but I've been holding off because we have > Myrinet (and Myrinet is odd enough with it's resource sharing issues that I > doubt I'm able to hack on it myself).
		Myrinet support is currently only in the custom distribution versions.
		A neat feature of our internal version is that it's possible to have Myrinet as the only network interface, and the cluster installation and administration is unchanged from the Ethernet version.
	www.scyld.com /pipermail/beowulf/2000-December/001495.html (238 words)

	Start the GM Myrinet Drivers
		IP over myrinet is started by default, using '10.1.X.Y' where X and Y are the last two parts of the IP of the primary interface.
		If the Myrinet LAN card is replaced, software has been checked and the errors persist it is possible that the motherboard PCI bus is at fault.
		The ``mesh_mapper'' tool can be used to generate a myrinet map and routes for most myrinet mesh topologies, such as the Antarctica cluster.
	www.cs.sandia.gov /cit/docs/howtos_and_other_docs/myrinet/README.myrinet.html (3308 words)

	Linux Networx Myricom Myrinet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet was used to connect LANL's Pink, a 1024-node (2048 processor) dual Pentium 4 Linux Networx system.
		Myrinet is a cost-effective, high-performance, packet-communication and switching technology that is widely used to interconnect clusters.
		Conventional networks such as Ethernet can be used to build clusters, but do not provide the performance or features required for high-performance or high-availability clustering.
	www.linuxnetworx.com /products/myrinet.php (210 words)

	SCI, VIA, Gigabit Ethernet performance evaluation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myrinet Gigabit and GiganetVIA links are strictly point to point while SCI links can be rings of multiple nodes that are possibly connected to a switch for expansion.
		Myrinet is a cost-effective, high-performance, packet-communication and switching technology that is widely used to
		Myrinet packets may be of any length, and thus can encapsulate other types of packets, including IP packets, without an
	grappew2k.imag.fr /evalRezo.html (2707 words)

	PM installation manual (in English)
		Myrinet 11 iobase(fe000000) irq(a) vmem(d0804000) myri_pm_init: register myri as major(120) myri_pm_attach myri: clockval = 50e450e4, cpu = 401, delay = 1e, board = ffff, sram = 40000
		Port number of the Myrinet switch to which the node is connected.
		The loop-back test sends messages to itself, the messages are returned by a Myrinet switch to the sender node.
	parallel.rz.uni-mannheim.de /Comyc/score/pm/install.html (685 words)

	myrinet vs gigabit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The cost of a 100 nodes cluster with Myrinet is about ($1200 x 100) + $50000 = $170000.
		That means higher latency, lower bandwidth and high CPU load (I hope the 0-copy IP stack that Linux folks are testing would change that).
		Myrinet provides IP, but MPI over GM (OS by-pass) is certainly more attracting for parallel computation.
	www.scyld.com /pipermail/beowulf/2001-February/002356.html (356 words)

	SCore PM vs Myricom GM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Myricom is a U.S company which produces the Myricom products such as the Myrinet PCI 64 bit 2Gbit cards and switches.
		Myrinet products are open architecture in the sense that Myricom provide information for anyone to write their own Myrinet drivers, and several drivers for Myrinet hardware have been produced independently of the Myricom GM driver.
		The performance difference between GM and PM is not great and, at the date of writing this, Myricom will produce a zero copy capable driver to equal the PM driver quite soon.
	cluster.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /guide-st-andrews/node11.html (454 words)

	Myrinet reliability? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I was actually present at that meeting - the paper is by the ParaStation group at U of Karlsruhe, they have a commercial MPI-over-Myrinet implementation.
		There was some heated discussion about the claim of transmission errors in Myrinet after the presentation.
		I just notice that they seem to be plenty of systems using Myrinet and GM, and few seem to be affected by problems.
	www.beowulf.org /pipermail/test/2000-January/000115.html (285 words)

	Myrinet vs. Dolphin
		We are currently using the M2M-PCI64A Myrinet equipment, which is not the most current equipment from Myricom.
		The bad part is that the while the Myrinet 2000 equipment is backward compatible with the older version, they are no longer selling the older equipment, so I'm forced to pay for new, bleeding edge technology when I'll only be getting the performance of the older technology.
		They just keep selling newer and better hardware for the same price, which is good if you want to buy a new system, but for upgrading our current cluster, it's not good.
	www.beowulf.org /archive/2001-January/001861.html (855 words)

	Rodney Freier - Myrinet Synchronized Multichannel API
		While using myrinet hardware in this way requires no less an investment in special purpose hardware than a hardware shared memory implementation, and though the hardware shared memory approach would involve much less software engineering, this approach uses hardware we already have.
		Since each host can have more than one myrinet interface, I assume that each process uses the first unit (unit 0) on their respective hosts, and that Host A's unit is given the interface id 0, and Host B's unit is given the interface id 1.
		The values given in the plot below are average latencies for one new channel to become visible to the reader; the minimum latency tends to be ~15% less than this average, and the maximum measured latency was almost always less than three times the average.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~freier/netapiwork/msmapi.html (2643 words)

	Myrinet Software and Customer Support
		The software for the previous generation of 16-port Myrinet-1280 (M2, 2nd generation Myrinet) switches is elsewhere.
		From: Douglas Johnson Subject: Myrinet and GM mailing list Greetings, The Ohio Supercomputer Center sponsors a Myrinet and GM mailing list to discuss the use of myrinet cards in beowulf clusters, development of the GM driver, and development and use of the ch_gm device in MPICH (MPICH-GM).
		Conservative Computer, Inc., maintains a web page, http://www.conservativecomputer.com/myrinet/, for "Myrinet Experiences." Of particular interest is a tabulation of the PCI performance, as measured by the gm_debug utility, of a variety of hosts, chip sets, and mother boards.
	www.jlab.org /hpc/clusters/intel/gm-doc.html (1422 words)

	Myricom Introduces New Myrinet Switches for Large Clusters
		ARCADIA, Calif., June 24 /PRNewswire/ -- Myricom (http://www.myri.com) announced today at the International Supercomputer Conference in Heidelberg a new series of Myrinet switches with up to 1280 fiber ports in a 14U rackmount enclosure.
		About Myricom Myricom, Inc., a privately held California Corporation founded in 1994, created Myrinet, the leading high-speed network for connecting computers to form clusters.
		In addition to direct sales, Myricom supplies Myrinet products and software to IBM, HP, Dell, NEC, Sun, Linux Networx, Cray, and many other OEM and system-integration companies.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/06-24-2004/0002199337&EDATE= (512 words)

	Enterprise IT Planet Product Guide - Myrinet (Myricom, Inc)
		Created by Myricom, Myrinet is fundamentally a networking communication (packet communication and switching) scheme which seeks to boost network messaging performance between clustered host computers.
		At the center of the Myrinet system is the switch enclosure, which houses a fully bisectioned port cluster for up to 256 host computers (enclosures can also be "chained" together by utilizing part of the enclosure's capacity for inter-switch link line cards, also available from Myricom).
		New to the Myrinet family are 10 Gigabit capable switches (Myri-10G) and NICs.
	products.enterpriseitplanet.com /networking/nos/1088185776.html (904 words)

	Comparing Gigabit Ethernet against Myrinet for cluster computing
		Since our network design goal is to facilitate the performance of real applications, we evaluated the performance of myrinet and gigabit ethernet technologies in the context of working algorithms using modeling and simulation tools developed for this work.
		The simplicity in the myrinet switch results in low per-connection cost; however, it is also the reason for its lack of manageability and robustness in large systems.
		Our simulation studies show that it performed as well as myrinet when messages are smaller than 256 bytes, and progressively better when message sizes increased beyond 512 bytes.
	www.osc.edu /~pw/avici (991 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Fifteen of the top 100 systems are Beowulf-style Myrinet clusters, led by a 768- node, 1536-processor system at the Forecast System Laboratory, NOAA, ranking #8 at 3337 Gflops.
		According to the classification used by the TOP500 authors, there are 93 clusters (18.6%) in the November 2002 list, up from 80 clusters in the June 2002 list, 43 clusters in the November 2001 list, and 33 clusters in the June 2001 list.
		To see the benefits of Myrinet versus Ethernet for the relatively tightly coupled LINPACK computation, compare Platinum with the otherwise identical ethernet clusters ranking #221 - #224 in the November 2002 TOP500.
	www.math.uic.edu /~hanson/mcs572/myrinet03clusters.txt (1246 words)

	IBM Personal computing support - Nortel Networks Switch Module, IBM Optical Passthru Module, Myrinet cluster Ethernet, ...
		The Myrinet cluster expansion card is a host adapter used in high performance computing environments.
		Myrinet cluster Ethernet adapter is supported on the following IBM platforms.
		Myrinet cluster Ethernet adapter is supported by the following operating systems.
	www-306.ibm.com /pc/support/site.wss/document.do?lndocid=MIGR-52842 (1087 words)

	Myrinet hardware reliability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We're experiencing very high failure rates on Myrinet switch ports (average 3 per month) and on Myrinet NICs to a lesser extent (about 1 per month).
		There is no pattern in the failures, and they are entirely unrelated to usage levels; seldom used nodes are just as likely to have failures as heavily used nodes.
		We have another small IBM cluster with Myrinet 2000 (16 port switch with copper cables), and this has run solidly for nearly 2 years with not one Myrinet hardware fault.
	www.scyld.com /pipermail/beowulf/2003-February/009394.html (194 words)

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