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	AEGiS-WSJ: AIDS Virus Hides in NK Cells, Thwarting Drugs, Cure Hopes
		NK cells are white blood cells of the immune system that ordinarily provide a first-line defense against invaders such as viruses and cancers, arriving on the scene faster than antibodies or other members of the immune defense team.
		Infected NK cell reservoirs were found in the blood of AIDS patients after one to two years of highly active antiretroviral treatment, as the drug cocktails are known.
		NK cells are a third major class of cells to fall prey, and many expect more to be found.
	www.aegis.com /news/wsj/2002/WJ020504.html (753 words)

	New Aspects of NK Cells
		NK cells express surface receptors that receive signals from the environment and determine their response to foreign or malignant cells.
		NK cells respond to these signals by producing effector molecules that can both directly suppress tumour growth and convey important information to the rest of the immune system.
		NK cells act against tumour initiation, growth and metastasis in rodents and humans.
	www.annieappleseedproject.org /newasofnkcel.html (317 words)

	NATURAL KILLER CELLS (NK) RESEARCH INDEX
		This may be attributed to the observation that unlike the cells within a solid tumor, tumor cells enter the circulation as single cells or small clumps and are, therefore, highly accessible and more vulnerable to destruction by immune and non-immune defense mechanisms." pg.
		NK cells originate in the bone marrow and exhibit a characteristic organ distribution, their activity being highest in peripheral blood and then, in descending order, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow, and absent in the thymus." pg.
		Moreover, the suppressive effects of surgery and anesthesia on NK cell activity may further facilitate the survival of tumor cells released from the primary or metastatic tumor growth and contribute to the increased incidence of metastasis.
	www.chem-tox.com /immunesystem/nkcells/nkindex.htm (808 words)

	Natural Killer (NK) Cells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A small fraction (~2%) of the lymphocytes circulating in the blood are neither T cells nor B cells.
		NKT cells are NOT the same as NK cells.
		Perhaps the function of NKT cells is to provide quicker help for a cell-mediated immune response (IFN-γ) or antibody-mediated response (IL-4) than the several days needed by conventional T-helper cells.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/N/NK_Cells.html (412 words)

	Natural Killer cell - NKcells.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		NK cells are characterised immunohistochemically by the presence of CD56 and the absence of CD3 on the cell membrane.
		NK cells are activated in response to interferons or macrophage-derived cytokines.
		The human spleen is involved in the generation of NK cells from circulating progenitors: Human spleen-derived fibroblasts display a differentiated myofibroblast phenotype and constitutively express a biologically active form of membrane bound IL-15.
	www.nkcells.info /wiki/index.php/NK_cell (1329 words)

	Antagonistic effect of NK cells on alternatively activated monocytes: a contribution of NK cells to CTL generation -- ...
		The absence of NK cells in tumor-bearing mice influences the composition and phenotype of adherent splenocytes.
		in vivo depletion on the NK subset of the
		NK cell-mediated lysis of autologous antigen-presenting cells is triggered by the engagement of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase upon ligation of the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30 and NKp46.
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/100/12/4049 (7021 words)

	cytotoxicity assay (NK cells)
		To measure NK cell killing, suitable target cells are labeled with
		YAC-1 cells are the optimal target for mouse NK cells (KY1).
		Only cells with high viability (>95% in the trypan blue test) should be used.
	www2.kumc.edu /soalab/LabLinks/protocols/cytotox.htm (730 words)

	amaxa >>> Human NK Cells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Cancer and immunology research were frequently hampered due to the inability to transfect primary NK cells non-virally.
		With the Human NK Cell Nucleofector Kit, a major breakthrough was accomplished enabling primary cells to be transfected instead of cell lines.
		Primary human natural killer cells were nucleofected with a plasmid encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein eGFP using the Human NK Cell Nucleofector Kit and program U-01.
	www.amaxa.com /humannkcells0.html (166 words)

	IngentaConnect NK Cells and Asthma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		NK cells have been associated with immune surveillance of tumor cells and defense mechanisms against various pathogens.
		However, by their capacity for immunoregulation NK cells may also play a role in determining the response to allergens.
		The novel possibility that NK cell activity may in part decide development of allergic airway inflammation and thus potentially be involved in the inception of asthma is discussed in this review article.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/ben/cpd/2002/00000008/00000020/art00010 (147 words)

	Genetically modified natural killer immune cells attack, kill leukemia cells
		Progress in adapting NK cells to the treatment of ALL had been significantly hampered because researchers were not able to grow large numbers of these immune cells in the laboratory, and because NK cells normally have only weak anti-leukemic activity.
		The key breakthroughs made by the St. Jude team were the development of a laboratory technique for rapidly producing a large, pure population of NK cells from a small sample of blood; and developing a technique for genetically modifying NK cells so that they would become potent killers when they encountered leukemic cells.
		In another application, NK cells could be obtained from a patient while in remission and then reinfused after genetic modification if the patient suffers a resurgence of the leukemia.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-03/sjcr-gmn032505.php (722 words)

	National Cancer Institute - Dictionary of Cancer Terms
		A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
		Cancer that arises in immature nerve cells and affects mostly infants and children.
		An evaluation of the size and shape of the nucleus in tumor cells and the percentage of tumor cells that are in the process of dividing or growing.
	cancer.gov /dictionary/db_alpha.aspx?expand=N (3732 words)

	CAM and NK Cells -- Takeda and Okumura 1 (1): 17 -- Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
		NK cells are activated by some cytokines and direct recognition of ligands of their NK cell activating receptors, which result in direct tumor cell lysis through their cytotoxic molecules (peforin/granzyme, Fas ligand, TRAIL) and activation of other immune cells (macrophages and T cells) through cytokine production.
		The increase in NK cell activity after the intake of LcS drink is prominent in individuals with low NK cell activity.
		The ß-glucan receptor, dectin-1, is predominantly expressed on the surface of cells of the monocyte/macrophage and neutrophil lineages.
	ecam.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/1/1/17 (5770 words)

	Novel APC-like properties of human NK cells directly regulate T cell activation -- Hanna et al. 114 (11): 1612 -- ...
		The NK cells were repurified with magnetic beads, irradiated, washed, incubated with OFR3 clone cells for 48 hours, and pulsed with thymidine for the last 24 hours.
		NK receptors were visualized by confocal microscopy before (0 minutes) and 30 minutes after induction of internalization at 37_C.
		of NK cells with 25 µg/ml of CTLA-4Ig or CD99Ig fusion
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/114/11/1612 (6514 words)

	Differentiation of NK1.1+, Ly49+ NK Cells from flt3+ Multipotent Marrow Progenitor Cells -- Williams et al. 163 (5): ...
		The cells were then washed and plated at 200,000–500,000 per well in 24-well plates containing a confluent monolayer of OP9 stroma in the presence of 150 ng/ml of human IL-15 or 5000 IU/ml human IL-2.
		cells from multipotential murine bone marrow progenitors in a stroma-free culture: definition of cytokine requirements and developmental intermediates.
		Involvement of the c-kit receptor in the adhesion of hematopoietic stem cells to stromal cells.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/163/5/2648 (6461 words)

	Nk cells Information
		Nk Cells are great for when you're looking to get better at nk cells for selfish purposes.
		If you need help locating nk cells then you've come to the right place because we have all the nk cells you could want.
		Having said that we believe that we’ve searched the super highway far and wide to provide you with the best nk cells sites on the internet today.
	cell.3infosource8.info /cell-phone-battery/nk-cells.html (115 words)

	Primary Immune Responses by Cord Blood CD4+ T Cells and NK Cells Inhibit Epstein-Barr Virus B-Cell Transformation In ...
		This increase in NK activity was accompanied by the development of cytotoxicity toward autologous LCL, which was most marked in the samples with lower virus titers.
		Prior to staining, cells were restimulated with PMA and ionomycin in the presence of monensin for 6 h.
		Signaling pathways engaged by NK cell receptors: double concerto for activating receptors, inhibitory receptors and NK cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/76/10/5071 (6550 words)

	Commentary on CAM and NK Cells by Kazuyoshi Takeda and Ko Okumura -- Cooper 1 (1): 29 -- Evidence-based Complementary ...
		NK cells are lymphocytes that were first identified for their
		Ligands for the murine NK2D receptor: expression by tumor cells and activation of NK cells and macrophages.
		A novel ligand for the NKG2D receptor activates NK cells and macrophages and induces tumor immunity.
	ecam.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/1/1/29 (3358 words)

	ipedia.com: Cell-mediated immunity Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		activating antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that are able to lyse body cells displaying epitopes of foreign antigen on their surface, such as virus-infected cells, cells with intracellular bacteria, and cancer cells displaying tumor antigens;
		Cell-mediated immunity is directed primarily microbes that survive in phagocytes and microbes that infect non-phagocytic cells.
		It is most effective in removing virus-infected cells, but also participates in defending against fungi, protozoans, cancers and intracellular bacteria.
	www.ipedia.com /cell_mediated_immunity_1.html (241 words)

	Regulation of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Natural Killer (NK) Cells -- Zhang et al. 186 (10): 1677 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The role of adjuvant on the regulatory effects of NK cells on B cell responses as revealed by a new model of NK cell deficiency
		Broadly impaired NK cell function in non-obese diabetic mice is partially restored by NK cell activation in vivo and by IL-12/IL-18 in vitro
		Diminution of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in mice depleted of NK cells
	www.jem.org /cgi/content/abstract/186/10/1677 (1546 words)

	Immune System Natural Killer Cells
		Natural Killer (NK) cells are yet another type of lethal lymphocyte.
		They are called "natural" killers because they, unlike cytotoxic T cells, do not need to recognize a specific antigen before swinging into action.
		Natural killer cells may also contribute to immunoregulation by secreting high levels of influential lymphokines.
	www.immunecentral.com /immune-system/iss9.cfm (131 words)

	stink.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Recent Latvian experiments show that SPh enhances the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, important in the defense against cancer.
		For example, when mice were given 5-FU, it took their red blood cells 9-11 days to return to normal.
		But this time was reduced to just 3-4 days when they also got the mushroom juice.
	ralphmoss.com /stink.html (454 words)

	Herpes Virus Expert Sheds Light on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Mysteries
		Ablashi was working with the National Cancer Institute in the mid-80's when he and his associates discovered odd balloon-shaped white blood cells which they described as âjuicy.â These researchers published their findings about this new virus in 1986.
		The virus seems, therefore, to be carried to the central nervous system (CNS) via [white blood cells], where it has been found to be latent.
		When the [white blood cells] come in contact with [brain] cells/tissues, somehow the virus becomes activated, spreads to the CNS and induces CNS manifestations.
	www.immunesupport.com /library/showarticle.cfm/ID/4556/e/1/T/CFIDS_FM (1079 words)

	All NK Cells
		Killer cell lectin like receptor subfamily D member 1, KLRD1, KP43, Natural kill...
		KLRC1, KLRC2, KLRC3, NK cell receptor A, NK cell receptor C, NK cell receptor E,...
		CD159A, Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1, KLRC1, NK cell re...
	www.abcam.com /?c=503 (794 words)

	[No title]
		0123413605 : Nk Cells and Other Natural Effector Cells : Herberman, Ronald B. Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity by Nk Cells : Herberman, Ronald B.; Callewaert, Denis M. Properties of Solid Polymeric Materials : New York : Academic
		0123643783 : Cytology and Cell Physiology : Bourne, Geoffrey H. International Review of Cytology : Bourne, G.H. Molecular Biology of Receptors and Transporters: Bacterial and Glucose Transporters : Friedlander, Martin; Mueckler, Michael
		0123645670 : A Survey of Cell Biology : Jeon, Kwang W.; Jarvik, Jonathan; Academic Pr
	www.ecampus.com /isbnbrowser2.asp?isbnstart=0123 (5210 words)

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