
	Where results make sense

Topic: NNK

In the News (Fri 17 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Biochemistry, Biology, and Carcinogenicity of Tobacco-Specific N-Nitrosamines
		NNK and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the most prevalent pulmonary carcinogens in tobacco smoke; their respective roles in lung cancer induction are discussed in section 5 of this review.
		P450s 2A6 and 3A4 are implicated in NNK
		GAT mutations in codon 12 of Kras (256).
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/jtextd?crtoec/asap/html/tx980005y.html (14631 words)

	Lung Cancer and PCBs Animal Studies Part One
		Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that NNK is a transplacental tumorigen in the mouse, with activity that is relatively weak compared with the adult and is demonstrable only in fetal target organs of high sensitivity.
		Thus NNK is a weak transplacental carcinogen for sensitive fetal target organs in the mouse.
		The bioactivation of NNK to a mutagenic metabolite was achieved by incubation of NNK with liver S9 fraction from Aroclor-1254 induced rats or primary hepatocytes from both untreated and Aroclor-1254 pretreated rats.
	www.foxriverwatch.com /lung_cancer_pcbs_animalstudies1.html (8350 words)

	Martha Perske's letter to Charles Osgood re NNK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Two of the nicotine-derived nitrosamines, NNK and NNN, are strong carcinogens in laboratory animals.
		The amounts of NNK and NNN in tobacco and tobacco smoke are high enough that their total estimated doses to long-term snuff-dippers or smokers are similar in magnitude to the total doses required to produce cancer in laboratory animals.
		Perhaps you might want to get all the facts on NNK and set the record straight for those millions who listen to you and believe, as I once did, that your reporting is accurate and balanced.
	www.junkscience.com /mar01/NNK_perske.htm (435 words)

	Quantitation of Metabolites of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone after Cessation of Smokeless Tobacco Use ...
		NNK or NNAL was sequestered and slowly released.
		In smokers, NNK is administered mainly by inhalation.
		is a biomarker of uptake of the carcinogen NNK.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/62/1/129 (3474 words)

	4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, a nicotine derivative, induces apoptosis of endothelial cells -- Tithof ...
		H]AA release was observed in the absence of NNK (Fig.
		Induction of Apoptosis in PAECs Exposed to NNK
		H]AA by PAECs, inhibited apoptosis caused by NNK.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/5/H1946 (4278 words)

	nonamekillers.net
		NNK has recently been evaluating the need for a different home page with additional content.
		NNK was established by our fearless leader Grudge with a couple of longtime friends on November 4th, 2003 (the day SOCOM 2 was released in North America).
		Thanks to good leadership and exceptional recuiting, NNK has evolved into one of the most competitive and closest of all the clans in the online playstation universe.
	www.nonamekillers.net (269 words)

	4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 37, 1985) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Some of the NNK in saliva appears to be formed endogenously from salivary nitrite and nicotine.
		NNK was tested for carcinogenicity in several studies by subcutaneous injection in rats and hamsters and by intraperitoneal injection in mice.
		In mice, NNK and its metabolites 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl-N-oxide)-1-butanone and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)butan-1-ol induced benign and malignant tumours of the lung.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol37/nnk.html (269 words)

	Investigation of the Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone for In Vivo and In ...
		NNK (100 mg/kg i.p.) was given to pregnant dams on 2 consecutive gestational days (GDs) at three different times during organogenesis: either GDs 10 and 11, 11 and 12 or 12 and 13.
		NNK toxicity in adult mice is known to be mediated by P450-catalysed
		Morse MA, Eklind KI, Toussaint M, Amin SG and Chung F-L (1990) Characterization of a glucuronide metabolite of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and its dose-dependent excretion in the urine of mice and rats.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/287/3/1128 (5239 words)

	Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Phosphorylation of Akt by nicotine or NNK in NHBEs and SAECs.
		Effects of nicotine or NNK on Akt kinase activity and phosphorylation of downstream substrates.
		Because nAchRs bind nicotine and NNK and mediate the biologic
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/111/1/81 (5575 words)

	NNK Consulting : Clients (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		A prestigious contract for NNK, this system is currently being designed to handle the entire operations of a leading organization engaged in Sea and Air Freight logistics, with several branches all over India and several associates around the world.
		NNK has provided its services to a leading UK online retailer for electronic goods, for website updation and maintenance.
		A solution provided by NNK to a major Contracting firm for Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation Limited (CESC Ltd), this system is used to generate automated bills for all jobs undertaken and generate reports.
	www.nnkconsulting.com /clients.html (373 words)

	Quantifying the tobacco carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) in ex vivo determinations: Full ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		We are in the process of quantifying the permeation of NNK through the separated mucosal stratum of excised porcine esophageal tissue, making use of the Franz diffusion cells.
		The objective of this study was to develop and validate a new isocratic analytical method using HPLC to quantify the permeation of NNK into Franz cell receptor fluid.
		The calibration curve for NNK was linear from 0.12 to 26.32 µg/ml with an R
	acs.confex.com /acs/56serm/techprogram/P14313.HTM (364 words)

	Transport of the beta -O-Glucuronide Conjugate of the Tobacco-specific Carcinogen ...
		Biotransformation pathways of NNK as determined by studies in experimental animals (rodents and primates) and humans.
		Once generated, the glucuronide conjugates of NNAL and NNK must be actively extruded from cells.
		NNK and its conjugated metabolites in hyperbilirubinemic mutant
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/30/27846 (5650 words)

	FORCES International - HOW “PUBLIC HEALTH”, MEDIA AND THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA CON YOU ABOUT PASSIVE SMOKE ...
		The tobacco-specific lung carcinogen, NNK [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone] is a constituent of ETS.
		NNAL and NNAL-Gluc are metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK).
		NNK also may be involved in oral cancer etiology in users of smokeless tobacco products.
	www.forces.org /evidence/debunk_junk_science_casino.htm (3247 words)

	The Tobacco-specific Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone Is a {beta}-Adrenergic Agonist and ...
		DNA adducts from reactive NNK metabolites (9, 10, 11, 12).
		NNN is formed by nitrosation of the pyrrolydine ring, whereas the formation of NNK involves nitrosation under ring opening of the pyrrolidine ring (11, 12, 48).
		the physiological agonist epinephrine (EC Because the affinity of NNK to the ß
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/59/18/4510 (4523 words)

	CANCERLIT Detailed Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Miller CH Inhibition of NNK mutagenesis and metabolism by chemopreventive phytochemicals.
		Experimental results showed that NNK-induced mutagenesis and metabolism of NNK was enhanced by microsomes from both phenobarbital (PB) and beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF) treated hamsters and that the effect of the phenolic compounds on NNK-induced mutagenesis depended upon treatment.
		Studies of the effect of capsaicin on NNK metabolism by microsomes from untreated, PB-treated and beta-NF-treated animals showed that capsaicin inhibited the formation of all metabolites of NNK by all microsomal fractions.
	www.red-raspberry.org /references/miller45.htm (348 words)

	Tobacco Alkaloids and the MS Delivery of TSNA
		MS NNK delivery is not significantly affectedl even thougA preformed NNK levels in filler are greatly reduced!.
		NNK delivery relative to prelfo:rmed fil~er TSNA and TSNA precursors (ialkalo~ds and nitrate)i is higher than feedstock.
		Pseudoo _xyn~cotine as Precursor,-- t~ NNK: PsON, a secondary amine~ is theoretically the immediate nor-nitlro:so precursor to NNK (analogous to AB and NAB).
	tobaccodocuments.org /product_design/2022157406-7416.html (2970 words)

	211: Naming Key \| Gas Powered Garage
		The format used in the NNK files was designed to meet three main goals: the lookup process must be easily automated, the index structure must require minimal maintenance, and all maintenance must be possible using only a simple text editor.
		All the NNK files need to be parsed in a known sequence if the order of the TREE definitions spread throughout the NNK files is to be preserved.
		NNK files fall into one of two types: "Standard" (created by GPG) and "Extra" (created by the mod community).
	garage.gaspowered.com /?q=su_211 (1597 words)

	Science News Online (8/29/98): Smoking moms pass carcinogen to infants
		The infants in the current research produced a urine concentration of NNK metabolites that is about three times that measured in urine of people breathing secondhand smoke.
		Hecht worries that exposure to NNK in the womb might predispose infants to cancer later in life.
		Hecht, S.S. Metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in the urine of newborns.
	www.sciencenews.org /sn_arc98/8_29_98/fob3.htm (608 words)

	Increased Susceptibility of Mice Lacking Clara Cell 10-kDa Protein to Lung Tumorigenesis by ...
		Following 5 months of NNK exposure of WT mice the airway epithelia show markedly reduced levels of CC10 immunoreactivity (G), which was further confirmed by immunoblot analysis (H).
		In the alveolar compartment, following NNK exposure there was a 2–3-fold increase in the labeling index of KO mice, as compared with 0.51% of BrdUrd-positive cells in WT mice (p = 0.029).
		D, at 5 months of NNK exposure, there is increased staining in the airway epithelium in CC10-KO animals.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/279/28/29336 (3738 words)

	The Modulating Role of Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B in the Action of {alpha}7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and ...
		Effect of NNK on cell growth in SW1116 cells by flow cytometry analysis.
		SW1116 cells were treated with 1000 nM NNK for 5 h, and their DNA contents were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
		B, SW1116 cells were incubated in the absence or presence of NNK for 5 h.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/311/1/123 (4153 words)

	Effects of Cruciferous Vegetable Consumption on Urinary Metabolites of the Tobacco-Specific Lung Carcinogen ...
		An overview of NNK metabolism is presented in Fig.
		NNK and NNAL enter the circulation and are metabolized in the
		Effects of indole-3-carbinol on lung tumorigenesis and DNA methylation induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and on the metabolism and disposition of NNK in A/J mice.
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/6/997 (4420 words)

	Cancer Spectrum: Hecht, pp. 1194-1210.
		in lung tumor induction by NNK in rats (22).
		NNAL-Gluc is a detoxified metabolite of NNK (22).
		NNK (228,229), this carcinogen is frequently mentioned as the
	jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/jnci;91/14/1194 (6752 words)

	Correspondence re: C. Chen et al., CYP2D6 Genotype and the Incidence of Anal and Vulvar Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. ...
		NNK is a potent carcinogen associated with tobacco-induced
		CYP2D6 is an ineffective catalyst of NNK metabolic activation.
		is because: (a) The relative importance of metabolism of NNK
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/8/9/839 (963 words)

	BBC News \| HEALTH \| Nicotine linked to lung cancer
		The team found that mice developed tumours in their lungs when given NNK by injection and in their drinking water.
		He found that a chemical was present which could possibly change into NNK under acidic conditions, such as in the stomach.
		He said the research was still at an early stage but could have implications for the long-term use of nicotine replacement therapy.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/1045229.stm (516 words)

	1,3 Butadiene, a Vapor Phase Component of Environmental Tobacco Smoke, Accelerates Arteriosclerotic Plaque Development ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		NNK in the development of arteriosclerotic heart disease.
		The plaque size results with NNK were clear and unexpected.
		NNK was totally ineffective at augmenting plaque development.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/93/3/552 (3826 words)

	U of MN study first to detect tobacco-specific carcinogens in non-smokers in public setting
		The researchers tested for NNK through its urinary metabolites, NNAL and NNAL-Gluc, which are excellent biomarkers of human uptake of NNK.
		NNAL, like NNK, is a potent pulmonary (lung) carcinogen in rodents and a probable human carcinogen.
		The study found that, on average, the levels of NNK metabolites were increased two-fold (112 percent), demonstrating that exposure of nonsmokers to ETS in a public setting results in uptake of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-12/uom-uom122203.php (432 words)

	The case of the disappearing nitrosamines: a potentially global phenomenon -- Gray and Boyle 13 (1): 13 -- Tobacco ...
		NNK induces tumours of these four tissues in several
		NNK induced adducts of DNA are seen in human lung cancers.
		The relative increase of NNK is thought to contribute to the
	tc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/13/1/13 (2065 words)

	Cancer Spectrum: Lackmann et al., pp. 459-465.
		NNK is a potent transplacental carcinogen in the Syrian golden
		in the urine of newborns: 1) uptake of NNK or NNAL by the fetus
		NNAL-Gluc in the urine from newborns is fetal uptake of NNK
	jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/jnci;91/5/459 (4191 words)

	Evidence for the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor As a Target for Lung Cancer Prevention -- Lonardo et al. 8 (1): 54 -- ...
		NNK was dissolved in DMSO as a vehicle, and
		NNK RA cells, and EGFR expression was repressed, as shown in this figure.
		NNK treatment induced expression of these species as assessed using the semiquantitative RT-PCR assay described in "Materials and Methods." As shown in this figure, this induction preceded the observed increase in EGFR expression or a change in the expression of cyclin D1.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/8/1/54 (4475 words)

	Tobacco-related-compound-induced Nitrosative Stress Injury in the Hamster Cheek Pouch -- Barley et al. 83 (12): 903 -- ...
		NNK were obtained from the Midwest Research Institute (St. Louis,
		Biotransformation of nicotine to NNK via unstable intermediates (I,II), and aminoketone (after Hecht et al.
		In this way, NNK may be formed from nicotine.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/83/12/903 (2142 words)

	Cytokine production by alveolar macrophages is down regulated by the {alpha}-methylhydroxylation pathway of ...
		NNK, a nicotine-derived nitrosamine, is a potent lung carcinogen
		The effects of NNK on the immune response, which may facilitate
		might be responsible for NNK modulation of AM cytokine release.
	carcin.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/25/6/997 (359 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)