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Topic: NTSC standard

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	NTSC - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		NTSC is the analog television system in use in Canada, Japan, South Korea, the United States, and some other countries, mostly in the Americas (see map).
		The NTSC compromised between RCA's desire to keep a 441-line standard (their NBC TV network was already using it) and Philco's desire to increase it to between 605 and 800, settling on a 525-line transmission.
		Other technical standards in the final recommendation were a frame rate (image rate) of 30 frames per second consisting of 2 interlaced fields per frame (2:1 interlacing) at 262½ lines per field or 60 fields per second along with an aspect ratio of 4 by 3, and frequency modulation for the sound signal.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/NTSC (3010 words)

	NTSC Encyclopedia Article @ TVPig.com (TV Pig) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		NTSC is the analog television system in use in Canada, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, the United States, and some other countries, mostly in the Americas (see map).
		Other technical standards in the final recommendation were a frame rate (image rate) of 30 frames per second consisting of 2 interlaced fields per frame (2:1 interlacing) at 262½ lines per field or 60 fields per second along with an aspect ratio of 4:3, and frequency modulation for the sound signal.
		So the NTSC signal includes a short sample of this reference signal, known as the color burst, located on the 'back porch' of each horizontal line, the time between the end of the horizontal synchronization pulse and of the blanking pulse on each line.
	www.tvpig.com /encyclopedia/NTSC (3669 words)

	PAL & NTSC & SECAM @ Filmbug
		The NTSC format consists of 29.97 interlaced frames of video a second, each consisting of 480 lines of vertical resolution out of a total of 525 (the rest are used for sync, vertical retrace, and other data such as captioning).
		NTSC interlaces its scanlines, drawing odd-numbered scanlines in odd-numbered fields and even-numbered scanlines in even-numbered fields, which gives a nearly flicker-free image at approximately 59.94 hertz (nominally 60 Hz / 1.001) refresh frequency, which is close to the nominal 60 Hz alternating current power used in the United States.
		For color, NTSC includes a chrominance subcarrier, whose frequency is not a multiple of the horizontal scan frequency and therefore must be kept synchronized by transmitting a colorburst signal on the front porch (an otherwise unused period after the horizontal sync pulse and before the line of video starts).
	www.filmbug.com /dictionary/pal-ntsc.php (1260 words)

	National Television System Committee (NTSC)
		It took the efforts of the NTSC to recognize that this was a form of a subcarrier modulation process.
		On February 2, 1953 the second NTSC color standard was published: CPA was abandoned because of edge flicker effects, the color subcarrier was lowered to 3.579545 MHz, the pedestal on the reference burst was dropped, and the wideband orange-cyan I axis, and narrow-band Q axis modulation scheme suggested by RCA was adopted.
		The NTSC forwarded this standard to the FCC in a petition on July 22, 1953.
	www.novia.net /~ereitan/NTSC_overview.html (747 words)

	BurnWorld - NTSC History - Nationsl Television System Committee
		NTSC is the analog television system in use in the United States and many other countries, including most of the Americas and some parts of East Asia.
		The NTSC compromised between RCA's desire to keep a 441-line standard (their NBC TV network was already using it) and Philco's desire to increase it to between 600 and 800, settling on a 525-line transmission.
		NTSC I is the original 525/60 signal that first became standard in the US and Canada during the late 1940s to early 1960s.
	www.burnworld.com /dvd/primer/ntsc.htm (2375 words)

	Standards
		NTSC stands for National Television System Committee, which devised the NTSC television broadcast system in 1953.
		NTSC is also commonly used to refer to one type of television signal that can be recorded on various formats such as DVD, VHS, 3/4" U-matic and Betacam.
		The NTSC standard has a fixed vertical resolution of 525 horizontal lines stacked on top of each other, with varying amounts of "lines" making up the horizontal resolution, depending on the electronics and formats involved.
	www.transformnations.com /standards.asp (249 words)

	NTSC and PAL Formats
		The frame aspect ratio used by the NTSC standard format is 4:3.
		By using the NTSC standard for digital video, there are two areas of concern when dealing with aspect ratios.
		There are various divisions within the NTSC standard which determine what pixel and frame aspect ratios are used.
	www.strata.com /support/3dmanual/ch13/ch13_7.html (462 words)

	Section 1: Color Television Fundamentals (NTSC)
		Prior to NTSC standard and the first RCA model that used that standard, there were a small number of other manufacturers that developed color television designs, some of which were produced in tiny quantities, with one design selling only one receiver.
		The NTSC system is scheduled to be withdrawn from broadcast use in the United States as early as the end of 2006 (although deployment percentages must be met for the plan to go into effect), to be replaced with a digitally-encoded broadcast system.
		In the analog NTSC color television receiver, a lot of complexity is there just to receive the I and Q signals from the broadcast signal, and that circuitry has a critical need to maintain a tight synchronization to the timing of the transmitted color signals.
	nemesis.lonestar.org /reference/internet/web/color/ntsc_primer.html (2584 words)

	Customizing Your Computer
		NTSC is used by many countries on the American continent as well as many Asian countries including Japan.
		The NTSC recommendations accepted by the FCC as a national standard for the United States in 1953 are used in several other countries including Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Japan, Mexico, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico, South Korea, and Taiwan.
		Standards converters can convert video from one standard to another, but the resultant image is often poor.
	www.tigerdirect.com /static/html/pal-ntsc-secam.html (786 words)

	NTSC - The TV IV
		NTSC is encoded in the YUV color space, which provides a mathematical equivalent of red, green and blue.
		When NTSC is broadcast over VHF or UHF, a radio frequency carrier is amplitude modulated by the NTSC signal, while an audio signal is transmitted by frequency modulating a carrier 4.5 MHz higher.
		There is no question the NTSC system reflects the limitations and technology of a bygone era; indeed, its compatibility with even the crudest equipment since the dawn of television has been the key to its longevity over seven decades.
	tviv.org /NTSC (1332 words)

	NTSC definition - isp.webopedia.com - The Glossary for Internet Service Providers
		The NTSC is responsible for setting television and video standards in the United States (in Europe and the rest of the world, the dominant television standards are PAL and SECAM).
		The NTSC standard for television defines a composite video signal with a refresh rate of 60 half-frames (interlaced) per second.
		The NTSC standard is incompatible with most computer video standards, which generally use RGB video signals.
	isp.webopedia.com /TERM/N/NTSC.html (203 words)

	Pal Secam NTSC World Standards Conversion Transfer Convert
		The NTSC standard was introduced in the US in 1941 as the first set of standard protocols for television.
		NTSC broadcast standards previously established before the advent of color, called for the audio sound carrier frequency to be 4.5 MHz above the picture carrier.
		One worldwide standard would be a dream come true, but will never be realized in the foreseeable future due to the large installed base of receivers and equipment throughout the world.
	www.videointerchange.com /pal_secam_conversions.htm (7503 words)

	National Television Systems Committee (NTSC) - Glossary - CNET.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Eventually, color TV took over, and the Federal Communications Commission established the NTSC standard of 525 lines of resolution per second for broadcasts in the United States.
		The NTSC standard combines blue, red, and green signals with an FM frequency for audio.
		NTSC should go the way of the dinosaur, however, with the impending arrival of HDTV, or high-definition TV.
	www.cnet.com /Resources/Info/Glossary/Terms/ntsc.html (95 words)

	Building Bridges Between The Standards
		The third approach is that of standards conversion where the TV signal is actually converted from being a standard signal in one TV system to being a standard signal in another.
		Since PAL and NTSC are not that different in the way they encode colour signals, it's not actually that difficult to modify the signal to achieve a reasonable colour reproduction at the same time.
		Standards Conversion is the most complex, technically difficult and degrading of all of the techniques for building bridges between TV standards.
	www.ee.surrey.ac.uk /Contrib/WorldTV/bridges.html (1600 words)

	Sweetwater inSync
		NTSC is also commonly used to refer to one type of television signal that can be recorded on various tape formats such as VHS, 3/4" U-matic and Betacam.
		These various standards are not compatible with one another, though there are ways to convert from one to the other.
		The NTSC standard of 525 lines of resolution per second combines blue, red, and green signals with an FM frequency for audio.
	www.sweetwater.com /insync/word.tpl?find=NTSC (357 words)

	NTSC using the QY4
		The monochrome standard calls for a horizontal rate of 15.750 KHz, a vertical rate of 60.0 Hz, and two interlaced fields of 262.5 lines to produce 525 lines per frame at 30 Hz.
		A standard T-120 cassette can record 6 hours of material, the audio quality is pretty good, the VCR has a timer for starting and stopping recording, and there is a tape counter which, in modern VCRs, shows elapsed and remaining time.
		The standards for color were adopted in December 1953 after several years of wrangling and jockeying for position by the companies having a stake in the outcome.
	www.jmargolin.com /project2/qy4ntsc.htm (7596 words)

	Television Standards - PAL to NTSC - DVDs and MPEG-2
		In former times the values 30 Hz/60 Hz were quite correct, but with the implementation of the color television the NTSC refresh rates were lowered from 60 Hz to 59.94 Hz and from 30 Hz to 29.97 Hz for preventing audio flutter during broadcast.
		The reason why the NTSC refresh rate was changed by implementation of color television is explained by Bob Myers in a detailed article.
		On NTSC the additionally inserted fields are removed by IVTC whereby 59.94 fields/s or 29.97 fps respectively are transformed again to 23.976 fps.
	www.paradiso-design.net /videostandards_en.html (4380 words)

	Definition: ntsc standard
		NTSC standard: Abbreviation for National Television Standards Committee standard.
		The North American standard (525-line interlaced raster-scanned video) for the generation, transmission, and reception of television signals.
		Note 1: In the NTSC standard, picture information is transmitted in vestigial-sideband AM and sound information is transmitted in FM.
	www.atis.org /tg2k/_ntsc_standard.html (110 words)

	HDTV Television - An Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		An important and critical consideration is whether the new HDTV standard should be compatible with the existing color TV standards, supplant the existing standards, or be simultaneously broadcast with the existing standards (with the understanding that the existing standards would be faded out over time).
		In 1987, the FCC issued a ruling indicating that the HDTV standards to be issued would be compatible with existing NTSC service, and would be confined to the existing VHF and UHF frequency bands.
		The 1990 decision is a radical and non-conservative approach -- one which basically removes the requirement for compatibility by allowing different HDTV and NTSC standards to exist simultaneously for a period of years.
	www.ee.washington.edu /conselec/CE/kuhn/hdtv/95x5.htm (3247 words)

	"NTSC Video Signal Basics"
		In North America the video signal is a standard, called NTSC, and is not the same as computer, or RGB video.
		PAL, like NTSC, is also use for television recording, while SECAM is a transmission only standard.
		They are responsible for setting most of the video signal and tape standards, in addition to film standards.
	www.seanet.com /~bradford/ntscvideo.html (1931 words)

	Convert PAL to NTSC with APM Studio. Today
		Transfer into NTSC (US) TV system is necessary if you have home movies recorded in countries where the PAL or Secam TV standard is in use.
		In the same way, it is required to convert NTSC movies into the PAL system if you want to share your home videos with your friends or relatives abroad.
		Standard DVD contains 48 chapters and interactive TV menu for more convenient navigation and playback...
	www.apmstudio.com /pal-ntsc/convert-pal-to-ntsc.asp (356 words)

	Video Conversion
		Various international video standards are employed around the world, that determine how video is recorded, transmitted, and viewed.
		Typically, all items in the 'chain' must conform to the same standard in order for the video to be displayed correctly.
		However, if you have video that was produced overseas and recorded under a different international standard, you can run into problems.
	webpages.charter.net /groover1969/page3.html (227 words)

	NTSC and PAL region free dvd players
		NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) is a standard used in North America and Japan.
		PAL (Phase Alternating Line), a standard used almost everywhere else in the world, has the ability to display 625 lines of resolution.
		Half of Brazil uses NTSC while the other half uses PAL-M. Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay use PAL-N. The rest of the world uses mainly PAL.
	www.dvdcity.com /codefree/codefree-ntsc-info.html (456 words)

	Macworld: Secrets: Send video abroad
		The North American NTSC standard runs at 29.97 frames per second and has a visible resolution of 720 by 480 pixels for DV (720 by 486 pixels for uncompressed signals, such as Digital Betacam).
		The traditional method converts 25-fps PAL video to 29.97-fps NTSC video by creating new frames based on the pixel information in the existing frames (this is essentially the reverse of the NTSC-to-PAL process).
		To convert PAL to NTSC using the traditional method, follow the same process as for converting NTSC to PAL, but with one important change: choose Advanced Format Conversions: DV NTSC from the Settings pull-down menu.
	www.macworld.com /2006/02/secrets/marchcreate/index.php?pf=1 (1330 words)

	TV Standards - NTSC PAL
		TV standards are used to set a method to produce a video signal onto a TV screen.
		This NTSC standard is sometimes referred to in manuals as: NTSC 3.58.
		The resulting signal is partly NTSC (NTSC synchronisms) and partly PAL (PAL color), and will be viewed on PAL TVs that are 50/60 Hz ready.
	www.casanovasadventures.com /catalog/info/p12.htm (282 words)

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