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Topic: Na-Dene languages

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Na-Dené languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Dene or Dine is a widely distributed group of Native languages and peoples spoken in Canada, Alaska, and parts of Oregon and northern California. According to Joseph Greenberg's highly controversial classification of the languages of Native North America, Na-Dené-Athabaskan is one of the three main groups of Native languages spoken in the Americas, and represents a distinct wave of migration from Asia to the Americas. Navajo is the most widely spoken language of the Na-Dené family, spoken in Arizona, New Mexico, and other regions of the American Southwest. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Na-Dene_languages   (381 words)

Na-Dené languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Dene or Dine is a widely distributed group of Native languages and peoples spoken in Canada, Alaska, and parts of Oregon and northern California. According to Joseph Greenberg's highly controversial classification of the languages of Native North America, Na-Dené-Athabaskan is one of the three main groups of Native languages spoken in the Americas, and represents a distinct wave of migration from Asia to the Americas. Navajo is the most widely spoken language of the Na-Dené family, spoken in Arizona, New Mexico, and other regions of the American Southwest. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Na-Dene   (372 words)

North Caucasian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia North Caucasian languages is a blanket term for two language phyla spoken chiefly in the north Caucasus and Turkey: the Northwest Caucasian (Pontic, Abkhaz-Adyghe, Circassian) family and the Northeast Caucasian (East Caucasian, Caspian, Nakh-Dagestanian) family; the latter including the former North-central Caucasian (Nakh) family. However, due to the nature of the languages in question, this proposal is difficult to evaluate, and remains controversial. The Northeast Caucasian languages are characterised by great syntactic complexity in the noun. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Caucasian_languages   (295 words)

Encyclopedia: Native American languages At present, the aboriginal languages of the Western Hemisphere are gradually being replaced by the Indo-European tongues of the European conquerors and settlers of the New World—English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and Dutch. The language or languages spoken by these early migrants, and the process by which the current diversity of indigenous languages in the Americas emerged, are a matter of speculation. Indigenous languages of the Americas (or Amerindian Languages) are spoken by indigenous peoples from the southern tip of South America to Alaska and Greenland, encompassing the land masses which constitute the Americas. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Native-American-languages   (485 words)

Language families and languages Language families can be subdivided into smaller units, conventionally referred to as "branches" (because the history of a language family is often represented as a "tree" diagram). Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates. Most languages are known to belong to language families (called simply "families" for the rest of this article). www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/language_families_and_languages   (519 words)

Athabaskan Information The 24 Northern Athabaskan languages are spoken throughout the interior of Alaska and the interior of northwestern Canada. Isolated from the northern and coastal languages, the 6 Southern Athabaskan languages, including the different Apache peoples and Navajo, are spoken in the US Southwest and the northwestern part of Mexico. The 7 Pacific Coastal Athabaskan languages are spoken in southern Oregon and northern California. www.echostatic.com /Athabaskan.html   (922 words)

Dene-Caucasian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Dene-Caucasian (also called Sino-Dene) language family is a conjectural macrofamily containing the Sino-Tibetan, North Caucasian, Yenisseian, Burushaski and Na-Dene languages. Sino-Caucasian thus consists of the North Caucasian, Sino-Tibetan, Yenisseian and Burushaski branches, Basque and Dene being excluded. A simplified outline of the preliminary correspondences that have been found by the author and his collegues from the Tower of Babel Project so far may be given as follows: en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dene-Caucasian_languages   (327 words)

Read about Historical linguistics at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Historical linguistics and learn about Historical linguistics here! comparative method: languages presumed to be related are compared with one another, and linguists look for regular sound correspondences based on what is generally known about how languages can change, and use them to reconstruct the best hypothesis about the nature of the common ancestor language from which the attested languages are descended. One commonly cited opinion is that if a group of people were sent to a distant galaxy, after 10,000 years they would be speaking a language that would be no more similar to their native language than any other language selected at random. The comparative method can be used to reconstruct languages for which no written records exist, either because none were preserved or because the speakers were illiterate. encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Historical_linguistics   (1126 words)

The Daltaí Boards: Gaelic and Navajo are related Navajo is one of the Na-Dene languages, spoken in the interior Southwest of the U.S. and in the Northwest U.S. and Southwest of Canada. Modern linguistics suggests a distant relationship between Navajo (Athabascan) and Chinese and also between Chinese and Etruscan/Basque (and possibly Pictish, if Pictish was a kissing cousin of Basque) but no relationship to the Indo-European languages to which Celtic (i.e. Earlier linguists of American languages, like Swadesh, had the same feeling but couldn't put forward as strong a case. www.daltai.com /discus/messages/12465/10824.html?1034560893   (617 words)

The World's Languages The world's languages have traditionally been divided into families. Andean-Equatorial languages include Arawakan, Quechumaran, and Tupian and are spoken in the Andes, west to the Atlantic coast and in southern South America. Austronesian languages cover a vast area from Madagascar to the western Pacific and includes the Polynesian languages as well as languages spoken in Borneo and Sarawak. www.esoeonline.org /main-index/index-teachers/typinglanguages.htm   (404 words)

The Paleolithic Indo-Europeans, 1 The obvious conclusion is that the Indo-European languages have also been in Europe since the Ice Age, just as the DNA evidence and the archaeology are starting to suggest. At present, the adherents of this theory seem to be primarily concerned with marshaling arguments in favor of the long-term stability of the languages and cultures of Europe. And the wide distribution of certain language families was taken to mean that their original speakers had been particularly powerful and ruthless warlords. www.enter.net /~torve/trogholm/wonder/indoeuropean/indoeuropean1.html   (2681 words)

GGVA - Linguistics It is the proposed ancestor of Sino-Tibetan, Na-Dene, North-West Caucasian (Abkhaz-Adhyghe) and Hattic. SinoDene is a linguistic macro-family as well as a tentatively reconstructed language deemed to have been spoken in Central Asia during the melting of the glaciers around 10,000 BCE. Most intriguing of all is the possibility that this language has interacted with another prehistoric language called Proto-Steppe existant in Central Asia during the same period. glen_gordon.tripod.com /LANGUAGE/SINODENE/sinodene.html   (246 words)

:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄::: Scholars have reconstructed Proto-Indo-European on the basis of data from its nine surviving daughter branches, which are: Germanic, Italic, Celtic languages Celtic, Greek language Greek, Baltic languages Baltic, Slavic languages Slavic, Albanian language Albanian, Armenian language Armenian, Indo-Iranian languages Indo-Iranian, and from the two dead branches Tocharian languages Tocharian and Anatolian languages Anatolian. Thus, when the method is applied to the Romance languages (which include French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian), the reconstructed common ancestor language comes out rather similar to Latin - not the classical Latin of Horace and Cicero, but Vulgar Latin, the colloquial Latin spoken in various dialects in the late Roman Empire. But that would violate the claim that no relationships would be recognizable after 10,000 years; if that figure is accurate, then if all languages are observably related, such a relationship must have somehow formed more recently. www.mauspfeil.net /Historical_linguistics.html   (1214 words)

Language families and languages: Although deaf sign languages have emerged naturally in deaf communities alongside or among spoken languages, they are unrelated to spoken languages and have different grammatical structures at their core. Language families can be divided into smaller phylogenetic units, conventionally referred to as branches of the family, because the history of a language family is often represented as a tree diagram. There has been very little historical linguistic research on sign languages, and few attempts to determine genetic relationships between sign languages, other than simple comparison of lexical data and some discussion about whether certain sign languages are dialects of a language or languages of a family. winelib.com /wiki/Language_families_and_languages   (1136 words)

Evolution of Human Languages John Bengtson (Association for the Study of Language In Pre-History) concluded the section on Sino-Caucasian morphology with a description of certain morphological features of the Na-Dene languages; again, similarities between the Na-Dene system and the North Caucasian and Yennisseian systems were traced, confirming with near certainty the close relationship between these families. George Starostin (Russian State University for the Humanities) gave a brief description of the verbal morphology of the Yenisseian languages (primarily Ket and the extinct Kott), showing how the Proto-Yenisseian system was modified in daughter languages. This working group, working within the scope of the "Evolution of Human Languages" project, was held in SFI on October 20 - October 25, 2002. ehl.santafe.edu /ehlmeet3.htm   (221 words)

Athabaskan (Na-Dene) Language Family The Athabascan, or Na-Dene, languages are spoken from northwestern Canada and Alaska south to the Rio Grande. We try to honor all requests from Indian tribes and nations, and as many as we can from other sources. Would you like to help sponsor work on these languages? www.native-languages.org /famath.htm   (80 words)

Anthropological Linguistics Vol. 38, no. 2 Like many Australian Aboriginal languages, Gooniyandi (a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Kimberley region of Western Australia) shows various morphological means for deriving dyadic and polyadic kin terms--where the former denote pairs of individuals in some kin relation to one another, the latter, groups of three or more individuals in such relationships. Its lexicon further reveals substantial etymological variation, reflecting contributions from the speakers' diverse first languages, and lends support to a multilectal interpretation of Mobilian Jargon, including the lingua franca Creek of colonial Alabama and Georgia. Allowing for idiosyncrasies of early spelling conventions, the historical evidence demonstrates not only remarkable consistency with modern recordings of Mobilian Jargon and with comparative data for related source languages, but also the feasibility of systematic philological reconstructions or reconstitutions by triangulation. www.indiana.edu /~anthling/v38-2.html   (649 words)

Search Results for na-dene - Encyclopædia Britannica The first comprehensive classification into families of the North American Indian languages was made in 1891 by the American John Wesley Powell, who based his study on impressionistic resemblances in... Estimates of the aboriginal population are based on information supplied by explorers, traders, missionaries, and other early reporters and are only as good as the reporters' observations were... major grouping (phylum or superstock) of North American Indian languages, consisting of three language families—Athabascan (or Athapascan), Haida, and Tlingit—with a total of 22 languages. www.britannica.com /search?query=na-dene&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT   (423 words)

Indo-European and Semitic languages – part one By the authors of the Tower of Babel, the AA languages are not only separated from IE but also removed from among the Nostratic languages – they are a sister group of not only the whole of the Nostratic languages, but also the Dene-Caucasian languages. The unquestionable genetic relation of the Semitic languages with Egyptian and other languages which are called Hamitic is the main reason for rejecting the thesis of close Semitic-Indo-European genetic relation. There also exists a probably more plausible view that the Khoisan languages can be contrasted with all the other languages of the world, and the Zinj languages have more in common with the languages of Australia and south-eastern Asia than with the AA languages (see here and here). grzegorj.w.interia.pl /lingwen/iesem1.html   (3197 words)

Overview of Caucasian languages and Caucasia Bilingualism in national languages is not indicated in the Guide since almost all population of a country is bilingual in its national language. Finally in modern macro-comparative theories North Caucasian is included in Sino-Caucasian (with Sino-Tibetan and Yenisei) or Dene-Caucasian (also Na-Dene) macrofamilies and Kartvelian is viewed as a part of Nostratic macrofamily within which it is possibly close to Indo-European. Until 2002, 20 Caucasian languages were currently written and 2 languages were written once in the past. linguarium.iling-ran.ru /publications/caucas/alw_cau_over.shtml   (1068 words)

mt32.html Its purpose is to encourage and support the study of language in prehistory in all fields and by all means, including research on the early evolution of human language, supporting conferences, setting up a data bank, and publishing a newsletter (Long Ranger) and a journal (Mother Tongue) to report these activities. Problems of lexicography and creating educational literature for national (ethnic) schools and classes Problems of foreign and national (ethnic) language teaching This leading Long Ranger catologs attested forms, reconstructions, etymological proposals, and finally his own hypotheses for the development of numeral words in each of the named families. www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~witzel/mt32.htm   (2243 words)

mothertongue Joseph Greenberg, a linguist at Stanford University, recently proposed a controversial theory that all the languages spoken by Native Americans can be grouped into three families that correspond to three waves of migration from Asia into the New World thousands of years ago. The deep connections between languages demonstrate that far from a mere communication device, language is the palette from which people color their lives and culture. As historical linguists trace the world's languages back to their earliest sources of diction and syntax, other researchers are taking on the deep mystery of how and when humans started to talk in the first place. faculty.ed.umuc.edu /~jmatthew/articles/mothertongue.html   (3972 words)

Prehistory and Connections with Other Languages A second group of Indo-European languages, which we call Italic, was spoken in much of Italy; one of these languages, Latin, was destined later to become the most important language in Europe, but in 500 BC it was only the local language of the small city of Rome. These languages had completely displaced the earlier languages that had previously been spoken in the same areas, and we know nothing about these earlier languages. Hence, in origin, Basque was primarily a language of Gaul which later spread west and south into Spain, into the remainder of the modern Basque Country. www.cogs.susx.ac.uk /users/larryt/basque.prehistory.html   (1411 words)

Asia Finest Discussion Forum > Native European Cultures This movement occurs because most of the previous cultures of the area were of the T-group of the Vascon-Caucasian group of the Dene-Caucasian languages. Whereas both languages were related, and both adopted features from the neolithic substrate cultures to the south, Etruscan came to have many features similar to the Asianic neolithic substrate, whereas Proto-Indo-European had fewer such features, but a greater degree of cross borrowing with the Uralic languages immediately to their north. Austro-asiatic is a language family of its own ofcourse, but it should belong to something larger and older I suppose, we all came from a common something. www.asiafinest.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t7435.html   (7096 words)

Joseph Greenberg . May 28 . Nilo-Saharan languages . Americas In his 1987 book Language in the Americas, he proposed a broader classification into three major groups: Eskimo-Aleut languages Eskimo-Aleut, Na-Dene languages Na-Dene, and Amerind languages Amerind. Later, Greenberg studied the native languages of the Americas, which until then had been classified into hundreds of separate language families. This work, particularly the Amerind languages Amerind family, is still rejected by many historical linguists. www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Joseph_Greenberg   (442 words)

Dictionary na Names of the European Union in the official languages www.dictionarydefinition.net /na.html   (54 words)

Na-dene Languages Dissertation Help, Write a Dissertation on Na-dene Languages Thesis Our Na-dene Languages researchers are highly-educated specialists with impeccable research and writing skills who have vast experience in preparing doctoral-level research materials. Since 1998, our Na-dene Languages experts have helped master, doctoral, and post-graduate students worldwide by providing the most comprehensive research service on the Internet for Na-dene Languages studies and coursework. Na-dene Languages Dissertation Help, Thesis Writing, Dissertation Proposal Research, and Thesis Help phd-dissertations.com /topic/na_dene_languages_dissertation_thesis.html   (795 words)

Evolution of Human Languages He is currently working on a paper that will document the correspondences of consonants, vowels, and syllabic structures, supported by more than three hundred lexical comparisons. This collaborative project deals with the development and testing of the Dene-Caucasian (Sino-Caucasian) hypothesis. This is the hypothesis that certain language families and language “isolates” of Eurasia and North America share a deep genetic connection. ehl.santafe.edu /denecauc.htm   (356 words)

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