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Topic: Naczelnik

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	Naczelnik - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most notably it was used by Field Marshal Józef Piłsudski, known as Naczelnik Pilsudski, as a title that helped identify him as the leader to his conscript troops.
		The title of Naczelnik in this form had the meaning of the modern day equivalent rank of Field Marshal (or the American equivalent of General of the Army), however it was not an official title recognized by the General Staff in Vienna.
		The title become a part of the Polish Chief of state postion, held from 1918-1922 by Piłsudski, as Naczelnik państwa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naczelnik (360 words)

	Naczelnik państwa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Naczelnik państwa (Leader of the country) was the title of the Chief of State in the Second Polish Republic.
		Józef Piłsudski, who was chosen to be the Naczelnik, relinquished his powers to the first Sejm on 20 February 1919, however the Sejm requested that he remains the Naczelnik, describing the powers of the office (now withot the 'Temporary' part) in the Small Constitution of 1919.
		Naczelnik remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Army, nominated the government (with the acceptance of the Sejm) and had the highest executive power.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naczelnik_pa%C5%84stwa (321 words)

	Naczelnik ZHP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Naczelnik ZHP (Chief Scout) is beside the President of the ZHP, the highest function in the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP).
		Naczelniks of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association - since 1918
		Naczelniks of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (outside of Poland) - since 1945
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naczelnik_ZHP (183 words)

	Poland presidential flags (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Naczelnik Panstwa ("Chief of State") was provisional head of Republic of Poland since 22 November 1918.
		The office of Naczelnik Panstwa was performed by Józef Pilsudski.
		The Constitution of 17 March 1921 established the office of President instead of Naczelnik Panstwa.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/pl-pres.html (294 words)

	Tadeusz Kosciuszko (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In 1792 in Poland he was military commander in the War in the defence of constitution, defence of Poland against Russian invasion.
		With the invasion successful, resulting in the Second partition of Poland, he fled to Saxony, but returned in 1794 to lead the Kosciuszko Uprising as Naczelnik against Russian occupation.
		He was captured by the Russians, but Catherine II of Russia soon died.
	www.gogoglo.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/t/ta/tadeusz_kosciuszko.html (381 words)

	Sanacja (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The first Sanacja government was formed during the May 1926 reforms of the Second Polish Republic.
		The progressive government that followed was headed by Naczelnik Jozef Pilsudski until his death in 1935.
		Sanacja continued to govern Poland until the Nazi invasion of 1 September, 1939.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/s/sa/sanacja.html (224 words)

	Second Polish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Next day, due to his popularity and support from most political parties, the Regency Council appointed Piłsudski Commander in Chief of the Polish Armed Forces.
		On November 14 the Council dissolved itself and transferred all its authority to Piłsudski as Chief of State (Naczelnik Państwa).
		Centers of government that were created in Galicia (formerly Austrian-ruled southern Poland) included a National Council of the Principality of Cieszyn (created on November 19??) and a Polish Liquidation Committee (created on October 28).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Polish_Republic (1069 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		During the Uprising, Kościuszko was made the Naczelnik (Commander-in-Chief) of all Polish forces fighting against Russian occupation.
		On March 24th 1794 he swore an oath in Krakow Market Square amidst a large gathering, in which he promised to recover the Commonwealth's borders, sovereignty and freedom, while not abusing his new powers.
		He was also the patron of 1st Regiment of the Polish 5th Rifle Division, 1st Division of the Polish 1st Army and the 303rd Polish Squadron.
	www.angelfire.com /scifi2/rsolecki/tadeusz_kosciuszko.html (2724 words)

	Tadeusz Kościuszko - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tadeusz Kościuszko taking the oath to liberate Poland from oppression on Kraków's Market Square on March 24, 1794.
		During the Uprising, Kościuszko was made the Naczelnik (Commander-in-Chief) of all Polish forces fighting against Russian occupation, and issued tha famous Proclamation of Połaniec.
		After initial successes following the Battle of Racławice, he was wounded in the Battle of Maciejowice and taken prisoner by the Russians, who imprisoned him in Saint Petersburg.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tadeusz_Kosciuszko (2673 words)

	Thaddeus Kosciuszko: the Purest Son of Liberty: SR, January 2000
		Two figures in all Polish history have been given the title of naczelnik narodu.
		Both of these, Kosciuszko and Pilsudski, are buried in the crypts of the kings at Wawel Castle.
		The title, naczelnik narodu, was supposed to be reminiscent of the legendary Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, who left off ploughing to become dictator in defense of the Roman Republic, and who, the enemy having been defeated, resigned his authority and returned to ploughing.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~sarmatia/100/thompson.html (2193 words)

	ARSENAŁ - the Association of Polish Regiments 1717-1831
		It may have been a hopeless undertaking, but the Poles could not see their state destroyed without making a last stand.
		Kosciuszko, assuming the title of chief (naczelnik), ignored the king, but crowds in Warsaw, inspired by the example of revolutionary France, summarily executed a number of Targowica leaders.
		Offering emancipation measures to the peasants, Kosciuszko brought a large number of them under his banner.
	www.arsenal.org.pl /history.php (710 words)

	Józef Pilsudski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		On November 8, 1918, Piłsudski and his comrade, Colonel Kazimierz Sosnkowski, were released and soon — like Vladimir Lenin before them — placed on a private train, bound for their national capital.
		On November 11 Piłsudski was appointed Commander in Chief, and on November 14 Chief of State (Naczelnik Panstwa), of a renascent Polish state.
		Piłsudski aspired to create a federation (to be called Międzymorze--"Tween-Seas," stretching once again from the Baltic to the Black Sea) of Poland with Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine, in emulation of the pre-partition Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that had served its constituent populations well for four centuries.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/j_zef_pilsudski (1660 words)

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