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Topic: Nand

	Flash memory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		NAND Flash uses tunnel injection for writing and tunnel release for erasing.
		NAND flash memory forms the core of the removable USB interface storage devices known as keydrives.
		NAND flash from Samsung and Toshiba followed in 1989.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flash_memory (1998 words)

	Sheffer stroke - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is also called alternative denial, and in Boolean algebra and digital circuitry, it is known as the NAND ("Not And") operation.
		Peirce also observed that all Boolean operators could be defined in terms of the NOR operator, the dual of NAND.
		The two-input logical NAND operator is commonly described by a truth table, describing the output state for all possible input combinations:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nand (775 words)

	CommsDesign - Examining NAND Flash Alternatives for Mobiles: Part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The second part of this article will address the most popular NAND design options that are available in the market, and their merits and challenges.
		Since NAND flash does not have a standard memory interface and because it requires extensive handling to prevent errors in the stored data, it requires an additional controller (as in the case of removable memory cards).
		This also means that although raw NAND flash is very convenient as a disk replacement (mechanical hard drives are also accessed in blocks of 512 bytes, and are referred to as block devices), it cannot be used to run code.
	www.commsdesign.com /design_corner/OEG20031022S0011 (2225 words)

	IC Nand Gates
		A NAND gate is represented by the symbol:
		The NAND gate is the fundamental building block of all logic circuits.
		This is the inverse of the result of the first NAND gate.
	home.hockaday.org /HockadayNet/academic/physics/MME/labs/ICNand.htm (742 words)

	Linux-MTD NAND FLASH
		NAND flash is a sequential access device appropriate for mass storage applications, while NOR flash is a random access device appropriate for code storage application.NOR Flash can be used for code storage and code execution.
		As NAND Flash is cheaper than NOR Flash and has a very slim interface it was selected as the optimum solution for large nonvolatile storage applications such as solid state file storage, digital audio/voice recorder, digital still camera and portable applications requiring non-volatility.
		As NAND flash uses a command driven programming and erasing, an accidential write or erase is not likely to happen.
	www.linux-mtd.infradead.org /archive/tech/nand.html (2043 words)

	Micron Ships First Production NAND Flash Memory Products Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The demand for increased memory in mobile and mass storage applications positions NAND flash as one of the fastest-growing semiconductor segments.
		NAND flash memory not only enables Micron to provide a greater suite of memory solutions to customers, but the Company is able to leverage its competence in DRAM process technology to support customers with a robust roadmap of highly reliable, high performance products at greater densities.
		Micron’s 2Gb NAND flash memory is manufactured on a 90 nanometer (nm) process technology, and is verified with many major NAND controllers to be drop-in compatible with existing 2Gb NAND devices utilizing those controllers.
	www.micron.com /news/product/2004-12-20_nand_rollout.html (517 words)

	Nand Mulchandani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nand Mulchandani is chief technology officer and has been with Oblix since he co-founded the company in June 1996.
		Nand served as vice president of product management until he was promoted to CTO in April 2001.
		Nand Mulchandani graduated Phi Beta Kappa with a BA in Computer Science and Mathematics from Cornell University.
	www.simc-inc.org /archive0002/February02/Speakers/Mulchandani.htm (116 words)

	Robot Room - Infrared transmitter, 38 kHz 74HC00 NAND oscillator
		The NAND chip is cheaper and more likely to be readily available in a hobbyist's junk box than is the 555 multivibrator.
		NAND gates 3 and 4 buffer the signal so that the load on OSC1 doesn't affect charge and discharge times (as the load would if it were hooked directly to the output of NAND gate 2 (IC1 pin 6).
		NAND gates 3 and 4 also insure OSC1 goes low when the circuit is disabled, thus turning off the infrared LED.
	www.robotroom.com /InfraredTransmitter.html (2210 words)

	EETimes Online: The Emerging NAND Flash Market (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The NAND market is growing faster than any market in the history of the semiconductor market.
		Semico’s newly-released NAND forecast has found that NAND megabytes should grow by about 230% this year, driving revenues to jump a whopping 42% despite a price collapse that started in the second quarter.
		Toshiba is planning to double the read/write speed of its NAND flash memory chips in the next year.
	nandflash.eetimes.com (485 words)

	What is NAND? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		NAND Flash architecture is one of two flash technologies (the other being NOR) used in memory cards such as the CompactFlash cards.
		NAND flash devices offer storage space up to 512-MB and offers faster erase, write, and read capabilities over NOR architecture.
		NAND flash architecture was introduced by Toshiba in 1989.
	webopedia.com /TERM/N/NAND.html (145 words)

	NAND Gate
		The NAND gate and the NOR gate can be said to be universal gates since combinations of them can be used to accomplish any of the basic operations and can thus produce an inverter, an OR gate or an AND gate.
		The NAND gate is called a universal gate because combinations of it can be used to accomplish all the basic functions.
		But the same task can be accomplished with NAND gates only since NAND's are universal gates.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/electronic/nand.html (163 words)

	Flash memory closing in on hard drives? \| Tech News on ZDNet
		NAND flash memory is widely used in consumer devices like digital cameras, cell phones, USB flash drives and portable music players such as Apple Computer's new iPod Nano.
		Analysts are predicting there will be $1.7 billion in revenues for NAND memory this year, while global NAND flash memory revenues are expected to reach $9.4 billion this year.
		In addition to the 16-gigabit NAND flash, Samsung unveiled a new 7.2-megapixel CMOS image sensor for high-end digital pictures and fusion semiconductors for next-generation smartphones and PDAs.
	news.zdnet.com /2100-9584_22-5860251.html (597 words)

	E-Commerce News: Processors : NAND Pushes Semiconductor Revenues to Historic $235 Billion
		"Strong growth in the NAND flash market was a recurring theme in the 2005 market share rankings," said Andrew Norwood, research vice president at Gartner.
		Gartner analysts said the performance of most semiconductor vendors this year can be traced to three major trends running through the industry: the participation in high-growth device markets such as NAND flash, gaining share in existing markets, or exposure to original equipment manufacturers that have been winning or losing share.
		In the NAND flash segment, Hynix's revenue is likely to reach $1.5 billion, up from $212 million in 2004, an increase of more than 600 percent.
	www.ecommercetimes.com /rsstory/47763.html (1304 words)

	CIOL : News : Samsung may sell NAND flash chips to Sony
		NAND memory chips are widely used in music players, digital cameras and mobile phones because they retain data even when the power is shut off.
		Samsung, which is battling Japanese rival Toshiba Corp. in the NAND flash memory chip market, has been holding down prices to woo more electronics makers to use its chips.
		Explosive demand for NAND chips has been behind a recent rally in Samsung's share price, along with signs of a rebound in prices of mainstay dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips.
	www.ciol.com /content/news/2005/105122608.asp (633 words)

	NAND versus NOR - 10/13/2005 - EDN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In this model, users boot a system with NOR and use a NAND for storage (or, in rare cases, a mini hard drive for storage); the volatile memory handles all of the execution.
		Samsung claims that although the NAND hybrids can replace the stand-alone NOR and OTP block in a design, their read and write speed makes them especially well-suited for advanced operating systems using demand paging, which can ultimately reduce the amount of DRAM a system requires.
		He notes that Intel is in the early stages of a study indicating that NAND has an inherent flaw that makes it ill-suited for booting systems, especially in demand-paging architectures.
	www.edn.com /article/CA6262540.html?industryid=3170 (3062 words)

	STMicroelectronics - Flash, NAND
		In the world of Non Volatile Memory products, the NAND Flash market is growing at the fastest rate, fuelled, as with all Multimedia System products, by the increasing demand for density, performance, and cost.
		NAND Flash is the ideal solution for applications requiring a large amount of data storage memory: digital cameras and camcorders, PDAs, MP3 players, digital consumer equipment including 3G cell phones, and removable storage media such as USB disks and Flash Cards.
		STMicroelectronics' NAND Flash range is targeted at a large and growing number of applications requiring a wide spectrum of densities: from 128Mbit up to 8Gbit and above; different page sizes: 528B/264W and 2112B/1056W with a modular interface, footprint independent from density; 1.8V and 3V power supplies and a wide packaging roadmap.
	www.st.com /stonline/products/families/memories/fl_nand (219 words)

	Making the switch from NOR to NAND flash
		Increasingly, legacy NOR flash memory in feature phones is being replaced with higher-capacity NAND flash, capable of achieving the required performance and reliability to handle all this data.
		NAND is an I/O device and cannot be connected using standard memory signals.
		NAND is complicated to work with, and you don't want to have to become a NAND expert.
	www.us.design-reuse.com /news/news10858.html (892 words)

	NAND Flash Programming
		In the past, manufacturing was not required to program NAND flash.
		Recently however engineers have been using NAND devices in systems that were traditionally NOR based.
		The price of NAND flash devices is currently about one-third to one-fourth the cost of binary-NOR.
	www.dataio.com /nand (251 words)

	Multi-Level Cell NAND Flash – The Consumer Choice on EDN: Voice of the Electronics Engineer
		NAND Flash memory has arisen as the memory technology of choice for many non-volatile storage applications, from music players to solid-state disk drives.
		MLC NAND Flash memory uses an architecture that goes beyond traditional binary logic.
		Factoring in the control circuitry, MLC NAND Flash device designs achieve a storage density increase of approximately 1.95 times that of SLC Flash, effectively doubling the capacity of Flash memory.
	www.edn.com /article-partner/CA503389.html (1353 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Top Worldwide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Samsung Electronics is counting on NAND flash chips, which are smaller and faster than hard-disk drives, to help boost profit.
		NAND sales will have the fastest growth among chips with industry sales of at least $10 billion next year, according to the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics.
		Worldwide NAND sales are poised to rise 28 percent to $13 billion next year, the WSTS, a trade group.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=amkKu62TV4.s&refer=top_world_news (483 words)

	4011 2-input NAND gates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An important property of NAND gates is that they can be linked to perform the functions of other logic gates.
		This would leave you with a circuit in which there were three unused NAND gates, five unused NOT gates and three unused AND gates.
		With a NAND gate latch, the inputs are held HIGH and pulsed LOW.
	www.doctronics.co.uk /4011.htm (522 words)

	Technology News: Hardware : Samsung Delivers 16 Gb NAND Flash
		NAND accounted for 55 percent of total worldwide flash-memory revenue in the second quarter of 2005, with NOR taking the remaining 45 percent, according to iSuppli Corp.
		The overall flash-memory market, comprising both NAND- and NOR-type parts, grew to US$4.1 billion in the second quarter of 2005, up 4 percent from $3.9 billion in the first quarter and up 2.5 percent from $4 billion in the second quarter of 2004.
		The 16 Gb NAND density was achieved with the industry first use of 50-nanometer technology directly applicable to mass production processes and by using Samsung's proprietary 3D-transistor architecture.
	www.technewsworld.com /story/hardware/46071.html (724 words)

	Introducing YAFFS, the first NAND-specific flash file system
		NAND flash, on the other hand, is low cost, dense, and writes fast; but it has other limitations.
		The most common consumer usage of NAND flash is in the form of SmartMedia cards, which are simply NAND chips bonded to a carrier card.
		NAND interface: wrapper layer between yaffs_guts and the NAND memory access functions.
	www.linuxdevices.com /articles/AT9680239525.html (1588 words)

	Three-Input DTL NAND Gate
		One of the limitations of RTL circuits was that while NOR gates are easy to construct, it is difficult to obtain a NAND function in a single gate.
		In addition, the use of diodes in this configuration permits the construction of NAND gates; something that was not practical with RTL because there was no practical way to allow any single logic 0 input to override multiple logic 1 inputs.
		This is an inverted AND, or NAND function, so this circuit does indeed behave as a 3-input NAND gate.
	www.play-hookey.com /digital/experiments/dtl_nand3.html (1007 words)

	Windows Mobile Team Blog : RAM, ROM, NAND, NOR--that's a lot of capital letters... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		And wrt NOR's ability to XIP, it is quite common for NAND to be packaged together with a small amount of RAM in a Multi-Chip Package (MCP) that effectively allows it to XIP as well.
		The filesystem drivers need to be different for NAND and NOR devices, so an image for one won't work on the other.
		People at aximsite have compared the x50v (nor) and x51v (nand) devices and have found that the x50v, at intervals, spikes up in cpu usage for some os process.
	blogs.msdn.com /windowsmobile/archive/2005/08/19/453784.aspx (5569 words)

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