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	Nanoshell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A nanoshell is a composed of a spherical core of a particular coumpond surrounded by a shell of a few nanometer of thickness.
		Indeed the thickness of the shell is tailored to be in the Near Infra Red area that correspond to a biological window.
		In the litterature it is often refered to gold nanoshell with a a dielectric core (gold sulfide,silicon dioxide,...).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nanoshell (212 words)

	Nanoshell Treatment Eradicates Tumors - Through the Sallyport
		“These results confirm that nanoshells are effective agents for the photothermal treatment of in vivo tumors.” Results of the study were published in the June 25 issue of the journal Cancer Letters.
		Invented at Rice in the 1990s by Naomi Halas, gold nanoshells are 1/20th the size of red blood cells.
		The photothermal cancer treatment uses nanoshells that are tuned to respond to near-infrared light, which passes harmlessly through soft tissue.
	www.rice.edu /sallyport/2004/winter2/sallyport/nanoshell.html (577 words)

	Earth & Sky : Human World : Interviews with Scientists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		These gold nanoshells have an interesting property in that we can control the light that is scattered from these particles by controlling the relative size of the central core and the shell layer.
		Nanoshells created by the Halas lab are similar in structure to the milk ball, but the center of a nanoshell is filled with silicon dioxide atoms and covered with a lumpy shell of gold.
		Nanoshells are sensitive to changes of that acidity, called pH, and change the color of their light.
	www.earthsky.org /humanworld/interviews.php?id=49891 (1218 words)

	NOVA \| scienceNOW \| Working With Nanoshells: A Conversation with Naomi Halas \| PBS
		Halas: By tuning a nanoshell, what I mean is that the color of a nanoshell depends on the size of both its core and its shell.
		The key innovation with nanoshells is that we can tune their color from the visible using the dimensions of the core and the shell to different regions of the spectrum.
		Nanoshells absorb light and convert it to heat extremely efficiently, and three minutes is sufficient to kill the cells in the tumor.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3209/03-nanoshells.html (2871 words)

	TCRT Online
		In Figure 2, a Mie scattering plot of the nanoshell plasmon resonance wavelength shift as a function of nanoshell composition for the case of a 60 nm core gold/silica nanoshell is depicted.
		Because the metal layer of gold nanoshells is grown using the same chemical reaction as gold colloid synthesis, the surfaces of gold nanoshells are virtually chemically identical to the surfaces of the gold nanoparticles universally used in bioconjugate applications.
		The nanoshells used in the OCT imaging consisted of a 100 nm core radius and 20 nm thick shell.
	www.tcrt.org /index.cfm?d=3018&c=4130&p=12032&do=detail (4577 words)

	Rice Quantum Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A metal nanoshell is a composite, layered nanoparticle whose color is determined by precisely controlling the thicknesses of the particle's constituent layers.
		In the Halas Nanoengineering Group, studies vary from fabrication of new and novel extensions of nanoparticle fabrication methods, integration of Metal Nanoshell properties with planar photonics device technology, and optical studies of Metal Nanoshells, including their ultrafast optical response, optical manipulation of nanoshell-based devices, and synthesis of unusual nanoshell-based composite materials.
		In collaboration with Jennifer West in the Rice Bioengineering Department, Metal Nanoshells are being used as optically addressable biosensors, as active media in photo-thermally triggered drug delivery devices, and as the basis of a new bioassay technology which can sample whole blood, a property which is capable of revolutionizing current bioassay technology.
	rqi.rice.edu /research/areas/nanoshells/nanoshells.php (298 words)

	Nanoshell - nCyclopedia
		A nanoshell is a 100 nanometer spherical shell of metal (often gold) surrounding a core of silicon dioxide atoms.
		Although nanoshells have been known for some time it is Naomi Halas, a professor at Rice University, who is now making use of nanoshells.
		Nanoshells have special optical properties with various promising applications; these applications are primarily being investigated at Rice University.
	nanotitan.com /nCyclopedia/nanoshell.htm (128 words)

	Nanoshells Put The Heat On Tumors - Nanoshell Cancer Therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nanoshell therapy involves injecting nanoshells into a patient, waiting a few hours for them to collect in any tumors, and then exposing the patient to the type of light to which the shells are sensitive.
		The first group received no treatment, the second a 'sham' treatment of infrared light but no nanoshells, and the last group the full treatment of nanoshells followed by infrared exposure.
		The type of light absorbed depends on the size of the nanoshells; the scientists running the test chose nanoshells that absorb infrared light because it can travel through the body to reach the tumors.
	www.mos.org /cst-archive/article/5990/1.html (340 words)

	Nanoshells cancer treatment proves effective in first animal test
		The multilayered nanoshells consist of a silica core covered by a thin gold shell.
		The photothermal cancer treatment uses nanoshells that are tuned to respond to near-infrared light.
		In the test, researchers injected nanoshells into the mice, waited six hours to give the nanoshells time to accumulate in the tumors and then applied a 5 millimeter wide laser on the skin above each tumor.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-06/ru-nct062104.php (557 words)

	Nanoshell Materials Research & Development GmbH
		nanoshell Materials was founded in 2005 in order to pursue new approaches in the field of designing and production of intermetallic materials with an active component.
		These kinds of materials, especially in a dispersed or encapsulated form, are in many respects unique and able to provide more sophisticated solutions for a whole number of technical problems associated with the purity of the product, miniaturization of devices, cost effectiveness of technological processes or with creation and maintaining of vacuum.
		Nanoshell research consistently verifies fresh thoughts, new approaches or promising inventions directly with the industry, leading research facilities as well as existing products and solutions.
	www.nanoshell.at /index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 (205 words)

	Nanoshell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nanoshell A nanoparticle composed of a metallic shell surrounding a semiconductor.
		Nanoshell [Categories: Nanotechnology] A nanoshell is a 100 (A metric unit of length equal to one billionth of a meter) nanometer spherical shell of (Any of several chemical elements that are usually...
		Alphabetical index Nanoshell A nanoshell is a 100 nanometer spherical shell of metal (often gold) surrounding a core of silicon dioxide atoms.
	www.nanosizeit.com /nanoshell (757 words)

	Nanoshell Sensor Opens Door for New Methods to Examine Single Molecules - Through the Sallyport
		The precision is possible because of the structure of nanoshells, which consist of a core of nonconducting material covered by a thin metallic shell.
		Because the researchers can control the thickness of the conducting shell, they can precisely tune the electric and optical properties of the nanoshells to dramatically enhance the Raman light emissions—up to a billion times in some cases.
		The research is described in Applied Physics Letters in a paper titled “Controlling the Surface Enhanced Raman Effect via the Nanoshell Geometry,” by J. Jackson, S. Westcott, L. Hirsch, J. West, and N. Halas.
	www.rice.edu /sallyport/2003/spring/sallyport/nanoshellsensor.html (333 words)

	ScienceDaily: Rice University Researchers Develops Nanosensor For Precision Chemical Analysis; Nanoshell Sensor Opens ...
		Similar in structure to a hard-shelled chocolate candy, nanoshells are layered colloids that consist of a core of non-conducting material covered by a thin metallic shell.
		Nanoshells are so useful for enhancing SERS and for other applications because of their size and precise structure.
		Nanoshells are just slightly larger than the size of molecules, measuring just a few tens of nanometers, or billionths of a meter, in diameter.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2003/01/030110185639.htm (1768 words)

	DLO \| Action Jacket for 5G iPod \| Product
		nanoShell is a clear protective jewel case for the nano that can be worn on the hip, carried in hand, or placed in a pocket or bag.
		The nanoShell cases come in 5 different shades: Crystal Clear, Tech Lime, Indigo Blue, Perfect Purple and Pretty in Pink.
		The nanoShell also features two ways for an owner to carry and protect their iPod nano.
	www.dlo.com /products/nanoshell_Prod.tpl (203 words)

	Slide 1
		- Pyrene was encapsulated in micelle tempalted nanoshell.
		•Pyrene dimer formation kinetics in micelle templated nanoshell were used to show solvent in the nanoshell reactor core may have a higher viscosity than bulk solvent.
		system, we found that solvent in the nanoshell reactor core may have a higher viscosity than bulk solvent.
	www.nd.edu /~qwang1/Phddefense_files/slide0042.htm (128 words)

	Review of Immunotargeted Nanoshells for Integrated Cancer Imaging and Therapy by Christopher Loo, et al
		In the growing field of nanotechnology one of the latest applications is the use of nanoparticles for the detection and destruction of cancer cells.
		This research is at the frontier of nanoscience because it is the first time that nanoshells targeted for a clinically relevant biomarker, HER2, have been used to combine bioimaging and cancer therapy applications.
		SEM image of nanoshells with an overall diameter of 140 nm is included.
	www.haverford.edu /chem/depaula/kent.htm (1180 words)

	DLO DEBUTS NANOSHELL CASES FOR IPOD NANO \| Gadget Tv - Video MP3 & iPod Reviews
		The DLO nanoShell cases cost just $14.99 each and are available immediately at iPod retailers nationwide and online at www.dlo.com.
		The DLO nanoShell cases are the perfect way to add a splash of color to a fl or white iPod nano.
		The DLO nanoShell Crystal Clear Case for iPod nano is available online at www.dlo.com and at iPod outlets everywhere for $14.99.
	www.gadgettv.net /dlo-introduces-ipod-nano-case-nanoshell (650 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-11172004-201112
		The objective of this project is to develop a reliable synthesis and characterization procedure for the development of silicate-based nanoshell chemical reactors.
		Using these methods, nanoparticle yields and size distributions, estimates of the internal viscosity, and diffusion of molecules in and out of the nanoshell as a function of chemical and physical environment were examined.
		Based on these results, the effect of nanoshell encapsulation on the kinetics of chemical reactions and their potential for future applications of these materials are evaluated.
	etd.nd.edu /ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11172004-201112 (222 words)

	Phagocytosis of Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Delivery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A nanoshell composed of bio-polymers, chitosan, poly-L-lysine, and heparin sulfate, were assembled step wise onto core charged drug nanoparticles.
		The exterior surface of the nanoshell was functionalized with biocompatible polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).
		Characterization of the surface chemistry and charge of the nanoshell utilizing x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and zeta potential, confirmed the presence of the PEG modified nanoshell.
	aiche.confex.com /aiche/2005/techprogram/P15387.HTM (332 words)

	Pt Nanoshell Tubes by Template Wetting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Large-scale fabrication of platinum (Pt) nanoshell tubes has been accomplished via a simple and convenient method: porous templates are wetted at ambient conditions with a polymer/Pt precursor solution.
		Unsupported Pt nanoshell tubes are accessible by selectively removing the template.
		The tube diameter is adjustable by using templates with respective pore diameters.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/nalefd/2004/4/i01/abs/nl034897k.html (158 words)

	Enhanced Absorption Induced by a Metallic Nanoshell
		Nanoshells have been previously shown to have tunable absorption frequencies that are dependent on the ratio of their inner and outer radii.
		A core, composed of a "jellium" ball of the density of gold is embedded within a jellium nanoshell of nanometric diameter.
		The shell plasmon frequency is tuned to the core absorption line.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/nalefd/2004/4/i01/abs/nl034902k.html (153 words)

	Digital Lifestyle Outfitters nanoShell for iPod nano-Clear - 002-0217
		nanoShell for iPod nano-Clear - Scratch-proof protection for iPod nano; Switch between two plastic backings - Polycarbonate (flat) or ABS plastic belt clip; Clear case allows for easy viewing of nano's screen; Access to scroll wheel, headphone jack and hold switch; Snug fit keeps nano safe and secure.
		FEATURES- nanoShell for iPod nano-Clear nanoShell is a clear protective jewel case for the nano that can be worn on the hip, carried in hand, or placed in a pocket or bag.
		Once your nano is safely secured in the nanoShell, there is not any reason to remove it.
	trendyhitech.com /index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&ProdID=132 (236 words)

	Encapsulation of Paclitaxel Nanoparticles in a Bio-Macromoleuclar Nanoshell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Encapsulation of Paclitaxel Nanoparticles in a Bio-Macromoleuclar Nanoshell
		Core paclitaxel nanoparticles were fabricated by a modified solvent-evaporation technique to yield nanoparticles with an average size of 300 nm.
		A nanoshell composed of multilayered polyelectrolytes, chitosan and heparan sulfate, was assembled step wise onto core charged drug nanoparticles.
	aiche.confex.com /aiche/2005/preliminaryprogram/abstract_11146.htm (309 words)

	Photonics.com \| Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		plasmonic properties of nanorods and nanoshells to enable its application in...
		Like the lab's nanoshells, nanoeggs are ultrasmall and can...
		injected mouse tumors with the nanoshells, and within four to six...
	www.photonics.com /photonicsFind.aspx?searchString=nanoshells&searchIndex=0 (207 words)

	SPIE 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The optical properties of metallic nanoshell systems are investigated using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method.
		The method provides a convenient approach for calculating several physical properties of nanoshells based structures including the optical absorption and scattering cross sections as well as the local electromagnetic fields near the nanoshell surfaces.
		The method is applied to silver and gold nanoshells and nanoshell dimers.
	cmt.rice.edu /~coubre/presentations/spie_2003_abstract.htm (74 words)

	Dielectrophoretic Trapping of Gold Nanoshells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Gold nanoshells consist of spherical silica cores surrounded by a thin layer of gold.
		We submerge the trap in a solution of nanoshells and apply an ac voltage across the gap, giving rise to an electric field and inducing a dipole moment on the nanoshell.
		Once the gap is bridged by a single nanoshell a current flows, the electric field is therefore reduced, and further trapping is prevented.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/YR00/TSF00/abs/S50006.html (179 words)

	Optimal Design of Laser Surgery for Cancer Treatment Through Nanoshell-Mediated Hyperthermia Therapy
		In this presentation, we consider a special class of nanoparticles called nanoshells, which consist of a concentric spherical dielectric core and a thin metal coating shell with a total diameter in the 20 nm to 100 nm range, to be used as mediated agents to control the temperature field.
		The use of nanoshells makes optimal control attainable through global distribution and chemical composition that determines the absorbing and scattering properties of the nanoshell.
		In this study, we investigate the feasibility of optimal design of laser surgical protocols using nanoshell-mediated temperature control, including design of nanoshells via the control of their size and chemical composition.
	nsti.org /NanotechBusinessInvestment2005/showabstract.html?absno=750 (250 words)

	Electromagnetic cavity resonant absorption of the gold nanoshell
		The gold nanoshell is regarded as a nanometre electromagnetic resonant cavity, and the cavity resonance displays tunability controlled by the radii of the dielectric core.
		The main mode of nanocavity resonant absorption is obtained, which shows a redshift during the reaction of the gold nanoshells.
		The classical electrodynamics theory is used to describe this gold-coated mini nanoshell cavity, and it shows agreement with experimental results.
	stacks.iop.org /0022-3727/34/L79 (254 words)

	The Hindu : Nanoshell sensor to examine single molecules
		RESEARCHERS AT Rice University have demonstrated the ability to control electromagnetic field around nanoparticles, opening the door for chemical screening techniques that allow doctors, life scientists to analyse even single molecules.
		It builds upon the method of molecular analysis called Raman spectroscopy and capitalises on tunable optical properties of metal nanoshells, a novel type of nanoparticle invented at Rice.
		There are applications for this technology in environmental science, chemistry and biosensing, and it may have applications in early detection of cancer said researchers.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/seta/2003/01/23/stories/2003012300110300.htm (192 words)

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