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Topic: Nanoteslas

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	Magnetism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		In diffuse, weakly ionized matter, which forms a major part of the universe, the motion of each individual charged particle is strongly controlled by the magnetic field.
		In the solar "neighborhood"—the region of space extending out from the Sun a distance of about 6,500 light-years, or one-eighth the diameter of the Milky Way—the strength of the magnetic field has been determined to be about 0.4 nanotesla, which is sufficient to account for the minimum radio emission between the galaxy's spiral arms.
		That magnetic fields shape galaxies is supported by the close correspondence between observed magnetic fields (green arrows) and magnetic fields from supercomputer models (blue ribbons) of the interaction of two intergalactic-current filaments.
	public.lanl.gov /alp/plasma/AtHomeMag.html (433 words)

	Earth Magnetometer - Unique Ghost Hunting Equipment
		Since the earth's field fluctuates by typically 3-30 nanoteslas per hour, a resolution better than 1 nanotesla will not be of much additional benefit.
		Until now, resolution of 1 nanotesla or.01 milligauss could be achieved only with very expensive, heavy, and high-power-consuming magnetometers such as proton-, overhauser-, and cesium- types.
		Because.5% of 500 milligauss is 2.5 milligauss (=250 nanoteslas), this may seem to be a problem when reading changes in the earth's field from one point to the next with precision of.01 milligauss (= 1 nanotesla).
	www.trifieldmeter.com /EarthMagnetometer.html (2030 words)

	Units Associated with Magnetic Poles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		A N / (Amp - m) is referred to as a tesla (T), named after the renowned inventor Nikola Tesla, shown at left.
		When describing the magnetic field strength of the earth, it is more common to use units of nanoteslas (nT), where one nanotesla is 1 billionth of a tesla.
		A nanotesla is also commonly referred to as a gamma.
	www.geo.ucalgary.ca /~maillol/goph365/mag/units.html (262 words)

	Dst Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The Dst or disturbance storm time index is a measure of geomagnetic activity used to assess the severity of magnetic storms.
		It is expressed in nanoteslas and is based on the average value of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field measured hourly at four near-equatorial geomagnetic observatories.
		Use of the Dst as an index of storm strength is possible because the strength of the surface magnetic field at low latitudes is inversely proportional to the energy content of the ring current, which increases during geomagnetic storms.
	pluto.space.swri.edu /IMAGE/glossary/dst.html (363 words)

	DetectorTechnologies.com - Detail
		Because the earth's field fluctuates by typically 3-30 nanoteslas per hour, a resolution better than 1 nanotesla will not be of much additional benefit.
		In other words, if one location is 2.00 milligauss (200 nanotesla) stronger than another location, the Earth Magnetometer will indicate that difference to accuracy of +/-.01 milligauss or 1 nanotesla.
		Then you can measure how many nanoteslas stronger or weaker the field is, compared to your starting point.
	www.detectortechnologies.com /store/detail.aspx?ID=18 (2034 words)

	Magnetic Field - Secular Variation of the Total Field Component for the Epoch 1995.0
		Lines of equal change in the total strength of the Earth's magnetic field in nanoTeslas per year.
		The Magnetic Field - Secular Variation of the Total Field Component for the Epoch 1995.0 map layer shows lines of equal annual change in the total strength of the Earth's magnetic field, derived from the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) for the epoch 1995.0.
		The change in intensity is measured in nanoTeslas per year.
	www.nationalatlas.gov /mld/fsvcntl.html (688 words)

	Tesla (unit) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The strongest (non-pulsed) magnet in the world is located in Tallahasee, FL.
		Nasa just recently found "potholes" in the magnetic field in outerspace in the heliosheath around our solar system that are 0.01 nanotesla as reported by Voyager 1 [1]
		In outer space the magnetic flux density is between 0.1 and 10 nanoteslas (10
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tesla_(unit) (501 words)

	ELF Magnetic Fields and EEG Entrainment
		Clinical research indicates that somewhere between 25% to 75% of human and animal subjects may exhibit marked psychophysiological sensitivity to extreme low frequency magnetic and electric fields.
		The third generation investigations were extended to determine if subjects brainwaves could be influenced by artificially generated magnetic oscillations of sine-waves of low intensity and at specific frequencies within the ranges occurring naturally.
		Onset of phase/frequency lock-on averaged from one second to four seconds from the time of switching on the artificial ELF generator, and would sometimes last for the duration of the stimulus, usually 10 second episodes.
	www.elfis.net /elfol8/e8elfeeg2.htm (2752 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The units of the field measurements are nanoTeslas (nT).
		ENR coordinates are centered at the instantaneous spacecraft location with X directed eastward, Y directed northward, and Z directed radial to the Moon.
		Column 3: Magnetic field value in nanoTeslas at constant altitude of 37 km.
	www.igpp.ucla.edu /pds3/LP_2001/CATALOG/L4_DS.CAT (854 words)

	Collection of Geomagnetic indices and like
		But to convert the ak values to nanoteslas (nT), a local (station-dependent) conversion factor must be found by dividing the station's lower limit for K=9 by 250.
		The H axis direction is defined by the mean direction of the horizontal component of the field; the D component is expressed in nanoteslas and is related to the direction of the horizontal component relative to geomagnetic north by using the small-angle approximation.
		Thus the D component = H (the horizontal intensity) multiplied by delta D (the declination angle relative to geomagnetic north, expressed in radians).
	www.sci.fi /~fmbb/astro/indices.htm (2055 words)

	3-day GOES 11 & 12 Magnetometer Monitor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The Hp component is perpendicular to the satellite orbit plane and Hp is essentially parallel to Earth's rotation axis.
		On the nightside, a near zero, or less, value of the field indicates strong currents that are often associated with substorms and an intensification of currents in the Earth's geomagnetic tail.
		Noon and midnight local time at the satellite are plotted as N and M. Default scaling is 0 to 200 nanoTesla.
	www.sec.noaa.gov /rt_plots/mag_3d.html (152 words)

	Noise in the Geomagnetic Tail
		The three solar magnetospheric vector components of the magnetic field measured in measured in nanoTeslas during a crossing of the nuetral sheet by explorer 33 spacecraft 73 Re behind the earth (Milhalov et al., 1970).
		The three solar magntospheric vector components of the magnetic field and the total field measured in nanoTeslas during a crossing of the plasma sheet boundary by the OGO-5 spacecraft.
		The peak noise measured in nanoTeslas as a function of distance from the expected nuetral sheet position for the range from 12 to 16 R
	www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu /personnel/russell/papers/noise (3682 words)

	Mars' Magnetic Patchwork May Protect Atmosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Blue hues represent fields directed radially into the surface, while red hues show outward directed fields, approaching 1500 nanoTeslas at the spacecraft altitude of about 110 kilometers.
		For comparison, the magnetic field at the Earthâs surface is about 30,000 nanoTeslas, or a third of a Gauss.
		The dark line snaking through the center of the photo is the dichotomy boundary, separating the two hemispheres of Mars.
	www.marsdaily.com /news/mars-atmosphere-00b.html (1247 words)

	Reports Submitted to FAMSI - Daniel Welch
		After a preliminary study of the region’s archaeological remains and underlying geology during the Proyecto Arqueológico Hueyapan in 1998, we selected magnetometry and electrical resistivity as the two methods best suited to meet our goals.
		Magnetometry surveys are used to measure minute variations, measured in nanoTeslas (nT), in the Earth’s magnetic properties across an area.
		Archaeological features are detected through the contrast between their magnetic properties and the magnetic properties of the surrounding soil.
	www.famsi.org /reports/99024/section02.htm (1860 words)

	Electromagnetic field detector for detecting electromagnetic field strength in an extremely low frequency band and a ...
		A meter as in claim 8 wherein the first predetermined threshold amount is 250 nanoteslas.
		A meter as in claim 8 wherein the second predetermined threshold amount is 25 nanoteslas.
		The suggested limit for acceptable magnetic field flux densities is 250 nanoteslas root mean square (rms) in the ELF band.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5512823.html (5364 words)

	WDC format
		The values are in tenth-minutes for D and in nanoTeslas (gammas) for the intensity elements.
		The first hourly value represents the mean value between 00:00 UT and 01:00 UT,..., the 24th value represents the mean between 23:00 UT and 24:00 UT. Rules for negative values are the same as those described for tabular bases.
		H, X, Y, Z, or F are given to the nearest nanoTesla (gamma).
	web.dmi.dk /projects/wdcc1/format.html (646 words)

	Secular Variation of the Vertical Component of the Total Field Intensity for the Epoch 1995.0
		Lines of equal change in the vertical strength of the Earth's magnetic field in nanoTeslas per year.
		The Magnetic Field - Secular Variation of the Vertical Component of the Total Field Intensity for the Epoch 1995.0 map layer shows lines of equal annual change in the vertical strength of the Earth's magnetic field, derived from the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) for the epoch 1995.0.
		The vertical field intensity and the secular variation of the vertical field intensity change smoothly over most of the Earth.
	www.nationalatlas.gov /mld/zsvcntl.html (703 words)

	KGS-ES-Pubs-Abstracts-ABS38
		Twenty-three anomalies were verified by excavation with a backhoe, of which are five were identified as brine wells, four as suspected brine wells, one probable water well, and one probable gas pipe.
		A monopole anomaly with more than 12,000 nanoteslas in amplitude is a basic criterion to identify a well with an 8-inch metal case.
		A monopole anomaly with several thousand nanoteslas in amplitude is a basic criterion to identify a 2.5-inch or 4-inch well.
	www.kgs.ku.edu /Geophysics2/Pubs/Abstracts/ABS38.htm (451 words)

	09.02.98 - Lunar Prospector measurements show how meteor impacts have shaped the moon's magnetic field
		The moon has no global magnetic field like the Earth because it no longer has an internal dynamo, so it was a surprise when magnetometers placed by astronauts on the surface in the 1970s detected a faint magnetic field, as large as hundreds of nanoteslas (the Earth's field is on the order of 30,000 nanoteslas).
		Magnetic fields were as high as 40 nanoteslas, or about one one-thousandth that of the Earth.
		Surprisingly, the magnetic field in these antipodal regions was coherent over an area of a couple hundred kilometers - about 100 miles - rather than being a jumble of randomly oriented regions, which is typical of most of the lunar surface.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/98legacy/09-02-1998.html (1426 words)

	[No title]
		Eros was the subject of detailed study for over a year by the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft.
		The magnetometer on NEAR failed to measure any sign of a global magnetic field for the asteroid down to the limits of the instrument's sensitivity, 1-2 nanotesla.
		By comparison, the Earth's magnetic field is about 50,000 nanoteslas.
	www.lycos.com /info/eros--asteroids.html (502 words)

	Geomagnetic secular variation 1995–2000
		Component maps of this model (f052101) truncated to n = 10 were compared with the IGRF2000 and generally found to be within 20 nT at the surface except for a 110 nT difference in the northern polar region.
		The model agreed with the OIFM at satellite altitude to within a few nanoteslas except for a few tens of nanoteslas at the poles.
		Use of a linear model or one truncated to lower degree is seen to reduce these differences and maximum errors at 1995, but at the expense of less accuracy elsewhere.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2003/2001JB001218.shtml (460 words)

	SI - readmsg.aspx msgid=22630838
		Crews are planning to test up to twelve of the targets during this initial phase of evaluation.
		The other targets range in area from a few hectares to in excess of 50 hectares and have amplitudes ranging from 10 to 60 nanoTeslas.
		It is anticipated that the field work will be completed by mid-August and will be followed up with laboratory processing of bedrock samples for kimberlite indicator minerals and microdiamonds.
	www.siliconinvestor.com /readmsg.aspx?msgid=22630838 (636 words)

	Nanoteslas (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		nanoteslas is a valid word in this word list.
		The word "nanoteslas" uses 10 letters: A A E L N N O S S T.
		Words within nanoteslas not shown as it has more than seven letters.
	www.morewords.com.cob-web.org:8888 /word/nanoteslas (200 words)

	Cooke Report 29 October 1998 - Page 3/8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		A detailed ground magnetic survey of the Muirton property was conducted by Dr. G.J. Greeff of Stellenbosch in February 1997.
		Geomagnetic field values in nanoteslas were recorded at ten metre intervals along east-west lines at 100 m intervals Readings were also taken along two lines 100 m apart and parallel to the western boundary.
		A datum value of 27 900 nanoteslas was chosen as a base or reference in order to reduce the measured field values to more manageable readings.
	www.sachs.co.za /muirton/reports/cooke3.html (243 words)

	National Park Service: Man in Space (Unmanned Spacecraft Test Facilities) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The coil, a 3-axis Braunbek system of 4 loops on each axis, provides cancellation of the earth's magnetic field over the central 6-foot-diameter spherical volume, uniform to 0.001% and stable to a half nanotesla.
		Geomagnetic fluctuations up to 16 Hz and ± 750 nanoteslas are eliminated by automatic servo-control from 3 remotely-located rubidium magnetometers.
		The coil can generate a stable artificial field from zero to 60,000 nanoteslas in steps of 0.1 nanotesla.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/butowsky4/space19.htm (581 words)

	734/834: Class 41, Temporal Changes of the Magnetic Field
		These particles interact with the magnetic field of the earth according to the Lorenz Law and produce a "ring current" that flows westward around the equator in the ionosphere.
		The net result is that, after an small initial increase, the field observed at the surface of the earth is reduced by hundreds of nanoTeslas for several days.
		The pattern of change is different for each field component and at each latitude but the pattern is roughly the same every day.
	earth.unh.edu /esci834/docs/class_41.html (934 words)

	SPACE.com -- What's Shakin'? Tiny Satellite to Try and Predict Earthquakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Measurements for the Earth are typically made in nanoteslas, an order of magnitude up from picoteslas.
		Critics are skeptical that once in space, it will be able to sift through the electromagnetic noise in space and key in on the minute changes along Earth's fault lines.
		There are daily variations to the planet's magnetic field too, with a range of about 30 nanoteslas, all of which doesn't include the electronic noise caused by people living their electronics-enhanced lives on Earth.
	space.com /businesstechnology/technology/quakesat_detection_030423.html (1284 words)

	nano-telas - nanoTeslas (nT) (Portuguese to English translation glossary) magnetism,Physics,Science
		The KudoZ network provides a framework for translators and others to assist each other with translations or explanations of terms and short phrases.
		For practical considerations, the device characteristics are expressed in terms of the observed effect of field exposure, i.e.
		magnetic fieldin nanoTeslas (nT) produced at a distance of 0.3 meter (12 inches) from the telltale.
	www.proz.com /kudoz/930063?float=1 (434 words)

	Greef Report - February 1997, Page 1/3
		Using the Western boundary of the farm as a base line, a 100 metre grid was set out at right angles to this in order to take readings towards the east, commencing ten metres away from the wire fence.
		Geomagnetic field values in Nanoteslas were recorded at ten metre intervals along these east-west grid lines, progessing up to thornscrub along the riverbank on the eastern side of the farm.
		Readings were also taken along two lines 100 metres apart parallel to the western boundary fence.
	www.sachs.co.za /muirton/reports/greef1.html (398 words)

	Better Data Acquisition Leads to Better Products, IOtech Inc.
		Even small fields, such as those measured at 400 nanoteslas, are large enough to manifest themselves as ac or dc interference or a combination, and alter images.
		For inputs, Srivastava uses special magnetic sensors that detect field variations in the X, Y and Z-axes that range from 0 to 400 nanotesla.
		The maximum allowable for MRI sites is 500 nanotesla for both ac and dc disturbances.
	www.daqboards.com /meddesign04.html (1080 words)

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